The plant N‐degron pathways of ubiquitin‐mediated proteolysis

Holdsworth, Michael John; Vicente, Jorge; Sharma, Gunjan; Abbas, Mohamad; Zubrycka, Agata

Abstract

The amino‐terminal residue of a protein (or amino‐terminus of a peptide following protease cleavage) can be an important determinant of its stability, through the Ubiquitin‐Proteasome‐System associated N‐degron pathways. Plants contain a unique combination of N‐degron pathways (previously called the N‐end rule pathways) E3 ligases, PROTEOLYSIS (PRT)6 and PRT1, recognising non‐overlapping sets of amino‐terminal residues, and others remain to be identified. Although only very few substrates of PRT1 or PRT6 have been identified, substrates of the oxygen and nitric oxide sensing branch of the PRT6 N‐degron pathway include key nuclear‐located transcription factors (ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR VIIs and LITTLE ZIPPER 2) and the histone‐modifying Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 component VERNALISATION 2. In response to reduced oxygen or nitric oxide levels (and other mechanisms that reduce pathway activity) these stabilised substrates regulate diverse aspects of growth and development, including response to flooding, salinity, vernalisation (cold‐induced flowering) and shoot apical meristem function. The N‐degron pathways show great promise for use in the improvement of crop performance and for biotechnological applications. Upstream proteases, components of the different pathways and associated substrates still remain to be identified and characterised to fully appreciate how regulation of protein stability through the amino‐terminal residue impacts plant biology.

Citation

Holdsworth, M. J., Vicente, J., Sharma, G., Abbas, M., & Zubrycka, A. (2020). The plant N‐degron pathways of ubiquitin‐mediated proteolysis. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 62(1), 70-89. https://doi.org/10.1111/jipb.12882

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Oct 18, 2019
• Online Publication Date: Oct 22, 2019
• Publication Date: 2020-01
• Deposit Date: Oct 28, 2019
• Publicly Available Date: Oct 23, 2020
• Journal: Journal of Integrative Plant Biology
• Print ISSN: 1672-9072
• Electronic ISSN: 1744-7909
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 62
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 70-89
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jipb.12882
• Keywords: Plant Science; General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology; Biochemistry
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/2975461
• Publisher URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jipb.12882
• Additional Information: This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Holdsworth, M. J., Vicente, J. , Sharma, G. , Abbas, M. and Zubrycka, A. (2019), The plant N‐degron pathways of ubiquitin‐mediated proteolysis. J. Integr. Plant Biol. Accepted Author Manuscript, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/jipb.12882. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.
• Contract Date: Oct 28, 2019