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Imaging functional recovery following ischemic stroke: clinical and preclinical fMRI studies

Crofts, Andrew; Kelly, Michael E.; Gibson, Claire L.

Imaging functional recovery following ischemic stroke: clinical and preclinical fMRI studies Thumbnail


Authors

Andrew Crofts

Michael E. Kelly

CLAIRE GIBSON Claire.Gibson@nottingham.ac.uk
Professor of Psychology



Abstract

Disability and effectiveness of physical therapy are highly variable following ischemic stroke due to different brain regions being affected. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of patients in the months and years following stroke have given some insight into how the brain recovers lost functions. Initially, new pathways are recruited to compensate for the lost region, showing as a brighter BOLD signal over a larger area during a task than in healthy controls. Subsequently, activity is reduced to baseline levels as pathways become more efficient, mimicking the process of learning typically seen during development. Preclinical models of ischemic stroke aim to enhance understanding of the biology underlying recovery following stroke. However, the pattern of recruitment and focusing seen in humans has not been observed in preclinical fMRI studies which are highly variable methodologically. Resting-state fMRI studies show more consistency, however there are still confounding factors to address. Anaesthesia and method of stroke induction are the two main sources of variability in preclinical studies; improvements here can reduce variability and increase the intensity and reproducibility of the BOLD response detected by fMRI. Differences in task or stimulus, and differences in analysis method also present a source of variability. This review compares clinical and preclinical fMRI studies of recovery following stroke and focuses on how refinement of preclinical models and MRI methods may obtain more representative fMRI data in relation to human studies.

Citation

Crofts, A., Kelly, M. E., & Gibson, C. L. (2020). Imaging functional recovery following ischemic stroke: clinical and preclinical fMRI studies. Journal of Neuroimaging, 30(1), 5-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.12668

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Sep 25, 2019
Online Publication Date Oct 13, 2019
Publication Date 2020-01
Deposit Date Oct 3, 2019
Publicly Available Date Oct 14, 2020
Journal Journal of Neuroimaging
Print ISSN 1051-2284
Electronic ISSN 1552-6569
Publisher Wiley
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 30
Issue 1
Pages 5-14
DOI https://doi.org/10.1111/jon.12668
Keywords Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging; Clinical Neurology
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/2741339
Publisher URL https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jon.12668
Additional Information Received: 2019-08-21; Accepted: 2019-09-25; Published: 2019-10-13
Contract Date Oct 3, 2019

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