Dr RACHAEL TARLINTON's Outputs (80)

Koala retrovirus viral load and disease burden in distinct northern and southern koala populations (2020)
Journal Article
Sarker, N., Fabijan, J., Owen, H., Seddon, J., Simmons, G., Speight, N., Kaler, J., Woolford, L., Emes, R. D., Hemmatzadeh, F., Trott, D., Meers, J., & Tarlinton, R. E. (2020). Koala retrovirus viral load and disease burden in distinct northern and southern koala populations. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 263. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56546-0

Koala retrovirus (KoRV) displays features of both an endogenous and exogenous virus and is linked to neoplasia and immunosuppression in koalas. This study explores the apparent differences in the nature and impact of KoRV infection between geographic... Read More about Koala retrovirus viral load and disease burden in distinct northern and southern koala populations.

Discovery and Prevalence of Divergent RNA Viruses in European Field Voles and Rabbits (2019)
Journal Article
Tsoleridis, T., Chappell, J. G., Monchatre-Leroy, E., Umhang, G., Shi, M., Bennett, M., Tarlinton, R. E., McClure, C. P., Holmes, E. C., & Ball, J. K. (2019). Discovery and Prevalence of Divergent RNA Viruses in European Field Voles and Rabbits. Viruses, 12(1), Article 47. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12010047

The advent of unbiased metagenomic virus discovery has revolutionized studies of virus biodiversity and evolution. Despite this, our knowledge of the virosphere, including in mammalian species, remains limited. We used unbiased metagenomic sequencing... Read More about Discovery and Prevalence of Divergent RNA Viruses in European Field Voles and Rabbits.

Schmallenberg Virus Neutralising Antibody Responses in Sheep (2019)
Journal Article
Jones, S., Eden, L., McKay, H., Bollard, N., Dunham, S., Davies, P., & Tarlinton, R. (2019). Schmallenberg Virus Neutralising Antibody Responses in Sheep. BMC Veterinary Research, 15, Article 426. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-2139-7

Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is a midge borne virus of cattle and sheep. Infection is typically asymptomatic in adult sheep but fetal infection during pregnancy can result in abortion, stillbirth, neurological disorders and malformations of variable sev... Read More about Schmallenberg Virus Neutralising Antibody Responses in Sheep.

Retrieval of the Complete Coding Sequence of the UK-Endemic Tatenale Orthohantavirus Reveals Extensive Strain Variation and Supports its Classification as a Novel Species (2019)
Preprint / Working Paper
Chappell, J. G., Tsoleridis, T., Onianwa, O., Drake, G., Ashpole, I., Dobbs, P., Edema, W., Kumi-Ansah, F., Bennett, M., Tarlinton, R. E., Ball, J. K., & McClure, C. P. (2019). Retrieval of the Complete Coding Sequence of the UK-Endemic Tatenale Orthohantavirus Reveals Extensive Strain Variation and Supports its Classification as a Novel Species

Hantaviruses are a diverse group of single-stranded, negative-sensed RNA viruses, known to cause sporadic outbreaks of potentially fatal human disease. To date, only two Orthohantavirus species have been detected in the UK - Seoul virus and Tatenale.... Read More about Retrieval of the Complete Coding Sequence of the UK-Endemic Tatenale Orthohantavirus Reveals Extensive Strain Variation and Supports its Classification as a Novel Species.

Δccr5 Genotype Is Associated with Mild Form of Nephropathia Epidemica (2019)
Journal Article
Kletenkov, K., Martynova, E., Davidyuk, Y., Kabwe, E., Shamsutdinov, A., Garanina, E., Shakirova, V., Khaertynova, I., Anokhin, V., Tarlinton, R., Rizvanov, A., Khaiboullina, S., & Morzunov, S. (2019). Δccr5 Genotype Is Associated with Mild Form of Nephropathia Epidemica. Viruses, 11(7), Article 675. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11070675

Nephropathia Epidemica (NE), a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and linked to hantavirus infection, is endemic in the Republic of Tatarstan. Several genetic markers of HFRS severity have been identified previously, including... Read More about Δccr5 Genotype Is Associated with Mild Form of Nephropathia Epidemica.

Genetic diversity of Koala retrovirus env gene subtypes: insights into northern and southern koala populations (2019)
Journal Article
Sarker, N., Fabijan, J., Seddon, J., Tarlinton, R., Owen, H., Simmons, G., Thia, J., Mark Blanchard, A., Speight, N., Kaler, J., Emes, R. D., Woolford, L., Trott, D., Hemmatzadeh, F., & Meers, J. (2019). Genetic diversity of Koala retrovirus env gene subtypes: insights into northern and southern koala populations. Journal of General Virology, 100(9), 1328-1339. https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.001304

Koala retrovirus (KoRV) is a recently endogenised retrovirus associated with neoplasia and immunosuppression in koala populations. The virus is known to display sequence variability and to be present at varying prevalence in different populations, wi... Read More about Genetic diversity of Koala retrovirus env gene subtypes: insights into northern and southern koala populations.

Cytokine Storm Combined with Humoral Immune Response Defect in Fatal Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome Case, Tatarstan, Russia (2019)
Journal Article
Garanina, E., Martynova, E., Davidyuk, Y., Kabwe, E., Ivanov, K., Titova, A., Markelova, M., Zhuravleva, M., Cherepnev, G., Shakirova, V. G., Khaertynova, I., Tarlinton, R., Rizvanov, A., Khaiboullina, S., & Morzunov, S. (2019). Cytokine Storm Combined with Humoral Immune Response Defect in Fatal Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome Case, Tatarstan, Russia. Viruses, 11(7), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11070601

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is endemic in Tatarstan, where thousands of cases are registered annually. Puumala orthohantavirus is commonly detected in human case samples as well as in captured bank voles, the rodent hosts. The pathog... Read More about Cytokine Storm Combined with Humoral Immune Response Defect in Fatal Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome Case, Tatarstan, Russia.

Shared common ancestry of rodent alphacoronaviruses sampled globally (2019)
Journal Article
Tsoleridis, T., Chappell, J. G., Onianwa, O., Marston, D. A., Fooks, A. R., Monchatre‐leroy, E., Umhang, G., Müller, M. A., Drexler, J. F., Drosten, C., Tarlinton, R. E., Mcclure, C. P., Holmes, E. C., & K 7 Ball, J. (2019). Shared common ancestry of rodent alphacoronaviruses sampled globally. Viruses, 11(2), Article 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11020125

The recent discovery of novel alphacoronaviruses (alpha-CoVs) in European and Asian rodents revealed that rodent coronaviruses (CoVs) sampled worldwide formed a discrete phylogenetic group within this genus. To determine the evolutionary history of r... Read More about Shared common ancestry of rodent alphacoronaviruses sampled globally.

Do Antiretroviral Drugs Protect From Multiple Sclerosis By Inhibiting Expression Of MS-Associated Retrovirus? (2019)
Journal Article
Morandi, E., Tanasescu, R., Tarlington, R., Constantin-Teodosiu, D., & Gran, B. (2019). Do Antiretroviral Drugs Protect From Multiple Sclerosis By Inhibiting Expression Of MS-Associated Retrovirus?. Frontiers in Immunology, 9, Article 3092. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.03092

The expression of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) has been associated with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The MS-related retrovirus (MSRV/HERV-W) has the potential to activate inflammatory immunity, which could promote both susceptibility and progres... Read More about Do Antiretroviral Drugs Protect From Multiple Sclerosis By Inhibiting Expression Of MS-Associated Retrovirus?.

The interaction between viral and environmental risk factors in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (2019)
Journal Article
Tarlinton, R., Khaibullin, T., Granatov, E., Martynova, E., Rizvanov, A., & Khaiboullina, S. (2019). The interaction between viral and environmental risk factors in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(2), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20020303

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic debilitating inflammatory disease of unknown ethology targeting the central nervous system (CNS). MS has a polysymptomatic onset and is usually first diagnosed between the ages of 20–40 years. The pathology of the... Read More about The interaction between viral and environmental risk factors in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.

Survey to determine the farm-level impact of Schmallenberg virus during the 2016–2017 United Kingdom lambing season (2018)
Journal Article
Stokes, J. E., Tarlinton, R. E., Lovatt, F., Baylis, M., Carson, A., & Duncan, J. S. (2018). Survey to determine the farm-level impact of Schmallenberg virus during the 2016–2017 United Kingdom lambing season. Veterinary Record, 183(22), 690-690. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.104866

Schmallenberg virus (SBV) causes abortions, stillbirths and fetal malformations in naïve ruminants. The impact of the initial outbreak (2011/2012) on British sheep farms has been previously investigated, with higher farmer perceived impacts and incre... Read More about Survey to determine the farm-level impact of Schmallenberg virus during the 2016–2017 United Kingdom lambing season.

Identification of stable reference genes for quantitative PCR in koalas (2018)
Journal Article
Sarker, N., Fabijan, J., Emes, R. D., Hemmatzadeh, F., Meers, J., Moreton, J., Owen, H., Seddon, J. M., Simmons, G., Speight, N., Trott, D., Woolford, L., & Tarlinton, R. (2018). Identification of stable reference genes for quantitative PCR in koalas. Scientific Reports, 8, Article 3364. https://doi.org/10.1101/215681

To better understand host and immune response to diseases, gene expression studies require identification of reference genes with stable expression for accurate normalisation. This study describes the identification and testing of reference genes wit... Read More about Identification of stable reference genes for quantitative PCR in koalas.

Identification of stable reference genes for quantitative PCR in koalas (2018)
Journal Article
Sarker, N., Fabijan, J., Emes, R. D., Hemmatzadeh, F., Meers, J., Moreton, J., Owen, H., Seddon, J., Simmons, G., Speight, N., Trott, D., Woolford, L., & Tarlinton, R. E. (2018). Identification of stable reference genes for quantitative PCR in koalas. Scientific Reports, 8(1), Article 3364. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21723-0

To better understand host and immune response to diseases, gene expression studies require identification of reference genes with stable expression for accurate normalisation. This study describes the identification and testing of reference genes wit... Read More about Identification of stable reference genes for quantitative PCR in koalas.

How is Europe positioned for a re-emergence of Schmallenberg virus? (2017)
Journal Article
Tarlinton, R., Gough, K., Maddison, B., Stavrou, A., Daly, J. M., Maddison, B. C., Gough, K. C., & Tarlinton, R. E. (2017). How is Europe positioned for a re-emergence of Schmallenberg virus?. Veterinary Journal, 230, 45-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.04.009

The Schmallenberg virus (SBV) caused a large scale epidemic in Europe from 2011–2013 infecting ruminants and causing fetal deformities after infection of pregnant animals. The main impacts of the virus were financial losses due to animal, meat and se... Read More about How is Europe positioned for a re-emergence of Schmallenberg virus?.

Human endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclerosis: Causation, association, or after-effect? (2017)
Journal Article
Morandi, E., Tarlinton, R. E., Tanasescu, R., & Gran, B. (2017). Human endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclerosis: Causation, association, or after-effect?. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 23(8), 1050-1055. https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458517704711

© The Author(s), 2016. From the early days of MS discovery, infections have been proposed as a possible cause of the disease. In the last three decades, an association between human endogenous retrovirus expression and MS has been further investigate... Read More about Human endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclerosis: Causation, association, or after-effect?.

The association between human endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2017)
Journal Article
Morandi, E., Tanasescu, R., Tarlinton, R. E., Constantinescu, C. S., Zhang, W., Tench, C. R., & Gran, B. (2017). The association between human endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 12(2), Article e0172415. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0172415

Background:
The interaction between genetic and environmental factors is crucial to multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs) are endogenous viral elements of the human genome whose expression is associated with MS.... Read More about The association between human endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) variants circulating in Nigerian dogs (2016)
Journal Article
Apaa, T., Daly, J. M., & Tarlinton, R. E. (2016). Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) variants circulating in Nigerian dogs. Veterinary Record Open, 3(1), Article e000198. https://doi.org/10.1136/vetreco-2016-000198

Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a highly contagious viral disease with three variants (CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c) currently circulating in dogs worldwide. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalent CPV-2 variant in faecal samples f... Read More about Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) variants circulating in Nigerian dogs.

Is gibbon ape leukaemia virus still a threat? (2016)
Journal Article
Brown, K., & Tarlinton, R. E. (2016). Is gibbon ape leukaemia virus still a threat?. Mammal Review, 47(1), 53-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/mam.12079

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, an outbreak of lymphoma and leukaemia in gibbons (Hylobatidae), attributed to the retrovirus gibbon ape leukaemia virus (GALV), was widely reported in the literature. The virus was identified in captive gibbon colon... Read More about Is gibbon ape leukaemia virus still a threat?.

RNA expression of TLR10 in normal equine tissues (2016)
Journal Article
Tarlinton, R. E., Alder, L., Moreton, J., Maboni, G., Emes, R. D., & Tötemeyer, S. (2016). RNA expression of TLR10 in normal equine tissues. BMC Research Notes, 9, Article 353. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-2161-9

Background: Toll like receptors are one of the major innate immune system pathogen recognition systems. There is little data on the expression of the TLR10 member of this family in the horse.

Results: This paper describes the genetic structure of... Read More about RNA expression of TLR10 in normal equine tissues.

Discovery of novel alphacoronaviruses in European rodents and shrews (2016)
Journal Article
Tsoleridis, T., Onianwa, O., Horncastle, E., Dayman, E., Zhu, M., Danjittrong, T., Wachtl, M., Behnke, J. M., Chapman, S., Strong, V., Dodds, P., Tarlinton, R. E., Ball, J. K., & McClure, P. (2016). Discovery of novel alphacoronaviruses in European rodents and shrews. Viruses, 8(3), Article 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/v8030084

Eight hundred and thirteen European rodents and shrews encompassing seven different species were screened for alphacoronaviruses using PCR detection. Novel alphacoronaviruses were detected in the species Rattus norvegicus, Microtus agrestis, Sorex ar... Read More about Discovery of novel alphacoronaviruses in European rodents and shrews.