Dr Alexander Tarr's Outputs (74)

Non-ionic detergents facilitate non-specific binding of M13 bacteriophage to polystyrene surfaces (2015)
Journal Article
Hakami, A. R., Ball, J. K., & Tarr, A. W. (2015). Non-ionic detergents facilitate non-specific binding of M13 bacteriophage to polystyrene surfaces. Journal of Virological Methods, 221, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.04.023

© 2015 Elsevier B.V. Phage-displayed random peptide libraries are widely used for identifying peptide interactions with proteins and other substrates. Selection of peptide ligands involves iterative rounds of affinity enrichment. The binding properti... Read More about Non-ionic detergents facilitate non-specific binding of M13 bacteriophage to polystyrene surfaces.

Human lectins and their roles in viral infections (2015)
Journal Article
Mason, C. P., & Tarr, A. W. (2015). Human lectins and their roles in viral infections. Molecules, 20(2), 2229-2271. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20022229

© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI. Innate recognition of virus proteins is an important component of the immune response to viral pathogens. A component of this immune recognition is the family of lectins; pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that... Read More about Human lectins and their roles in viral infections.

Dramatic potentiation of the antiviral activity of HIV antibodies by cholesterol conjugation (2014)
Journal Article
Lacek, K., Urbanowicz, R. A., Troise, F., De Lorenzo, C., Severino, V., Di Maro, A., Tarr, A. W., Ferrara, F., Ploss, A., Temperton, N., Ball, J. K., Nicosia, A., Cortese, R., & Pessi, A. (2014). Dramatic potentiation of the antiviral activity of HIV antibodies by cholesterol conjugation. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 289(50), 35015-35028. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M114.591826

Type I interferon rapidly restricts infectious hepatitis C virus particle genesis (2014)
Journal Article
Meredith, L. W., Farquhar, M. J., Tarr, A. W., & McKeating, J. A. (2014). Type I interferon rapidly restricts infectious hepatitis C virus particle genesis. Hepatology, 60(6), https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.27333

Interferon-alpha (IFNα) has been used to treat chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection for over 20 years with varying efficacy, depending on the infecting viral genotype. The mechanism of action of IFNα is not fully understood, but is thought to ta... Read More about Type I interferon rapidly restricts infectious hepatitis C virus particle genesis.

Recombinant Human L-Ficolin Directly Neutralizes Hepatitis C Virus Entry (2014)
Journal Article
Hamed, M. R., Brown, R. J., Zothner, C., Urbanowicz, R. A., Mason, C. P., Krarup, A., McClure, C. P., Irving, W. L., Ball, J. K., Harris, M., Hickling, T. P., & Tarr, A. W. (2014). Recombinant Human L-Ficolin Directly Neutralizes Hepatitis C Virus Entry. Journal of Innate Immunity, 6(5), 676-684. https://doi.org/10.1159/000362209

L-ficolin is a soluble pattern recognition molecule expressed by the liver that contributes to innate immune defense against microorganisms. It is well described that binding of L-ficolin to specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns activates t... Read More about Recombinant Human L-Ficolin Directly Neutralizes Hepatitis C Virus Entry.

Colicin import into E. coli cells: A model system for insights into the import mechanisms of bacteriocins (2014)
Journal Article
Kim, Y. C., Tarr, A. W., & Penfold, C. N. (2014). Colicin import into E. coli cells: A model system for insights into the import mechanisms of bacteriocins. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research, 1843(8), 1717-1731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.04.010

Bacteriocins are a diverse group of ribosomally synthesized protein antibiotics produced by most bacteria. They range from small lanthipeptides produced by lactic acid bacteria to much larger multi domain proteins of Gram negative bacteria such as th... Read More about Colicin import into E. coli cells: A model system for insights into the import mechanisms of bacteriocins.

The past, present and future of neutralizing antibodies for hepatitis C virus (2014)
Journal Article
Ball, J. K., Tarr, A. W., & McKeating, J. A. (2014). The past, present and future of neutralizing antibodies for hepatitis C virus. Antiviral Research, 105(1), 100-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.02.013

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. HCV establishes a chronic infection in the majority of cases. However, some individuals clear the virus, demonstrating a protective role for the host im... Read More about The past, present and future of neutralizing antibodies for hepatitis C virus.

Analysis of Serine Codon Conservation Reveals Diverse Phenotypic Constraints on Hepatitis C Virus Glycoprotein Evolution (2014)
Journal Article
Brown, R. J., Koutsoudakisu, G., Urbanowicz, R. A., Mirza, D., Ginkel, C., Riebesehl, N., Calland, N., Albecka, A., Price, L., Hudson, N., Descamps, V., Backx, M., Patrick McClure, C., Duverlie, G., Pecheur, E. I., Dubuisson, J., Perez-del-Pulgar, S., Forns, X., Steinmann, E., Tarr, A. W., …Ball, J. K. (2014). Analysis of Serine Codon Conservation Reveals Diverse Phenotypic Constraints on Hepatitis C Virus Glycoprotein Evolution. Journal of Virology, 88(1), 667-678. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01745-13

Serine is encoded by two divergent codon types, UCN and AGY, which are not interchangeable by a single nucleotide substitution. Switching between codon types therefore occurs via intermediates (threonine or cysteine) or via simultaneous tandem substi... Read More about Analysis of Serine Codon Conservation Reveals Diverse Phenotypic Constraints on Hepatitis C Virus Glycoprotein Evolution.

B-cell receptors expressed by lymphomas of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients rarely react with the viral proteins (2014)
Journal Article
Ng, P. P., BALL, J., Kuo, C.-C., Wang, S., Einav, S., Arcaini, L., Paulli, M., Portlock, C. S., Marcotrigiano, J., Tarr, A., Levy, R., & Levy, S. (2014). B-cell receptors expressed by lymphomas of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients rarely react with the viral proteins. Blood, 123(10), 1512–1515. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2013-10-532895

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been implicated in the induction and maintenance of B-cell lymphomas. The strongest evidence for this derives from clinical observations of tumor regressions upon antiviral treatments. Here we used multip... Read More about B-cell receptors expressed by lymphomas of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients rarely react with the viral proteins.

An alpaca nanobody inhibits hepatitis C virus entry and cell-to-cell transmission (2013)
Journal Article
Tarr, A. W., Lafaye, P., Meredith, L., Damier-Piolle, L., Urbanowicz, R. A., Meola, A., Jestin, J. L., Brown, R. J., Mckeating, J. A., Rey, F. A., Ball, J. K., & Krey, T. (2013). An alpaca nanobody inhibits hepatitis C virus entry and cell-to-cell transmission. Hepatology, 58(3), 932-939. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.26430

Severe liver disease caused by chronic hepatitis C virus is the major indication for liver transplantation. Despite recent advances in antiviral therapy, drug toxicity and unwanted side effects render effective treatment in liver-transplanted patient... Read More about An alpaca nanobody inhibits hepatitis C virus entry and cell-to-cell transmission.

Hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein fitness defines virus population composition following transmission to a new host (2012)
Journal Article
Brown, R. J., Hudson, N., Wilson, G., Rehman, S. U., Jabbari, S., Hu, K., Tarr, A. W., Borrow, P., Joyce, M., Lewis, J., Zhu, L. F., Law, M., Kneteman, N., Tyrrell, D. L., McKeating, J. A., & Ball, J. K. (2012). Hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein fitness defines virus population composition following transmission to a new host. Journal of Virology, 86(22), https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01079-12

Genetic variability is a hallmark of RNA virus populations. However, transmission to a new host often results in a marked decrease in population diversity. This genetic bottlenecking is observed during hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission and can ari... Read More about Hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein fitness defines virus population composition following transmission to a new host.

The Role of Humoral Innate Immunity in Hepatitis C Virus Infection (2012)
Journal Article
Tarr, A. W., Urbanowicz, R. A., & Ball, J. K. (2012). The Role of Humoral Innate Immunity in Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Viruses, 4(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.3390/v4010001

Infection with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) causes chronic disease in approximately 80% of cases, resulting in chronic inflammation and cirrhosis. Current treatments are not completely effective, and a vaccine has yet to be developed. Spontaneous resoluti... Read More about The Role of Humoral Innate Immunity in Hepatitis C Virus Infection.

The role of neutralizing antibodies in hepatitis C virus infection (2012)
Journal Article
Edwards, V. C., Tarr, A. W., Urbanowicz, R. A., & Ball, J. K. (2012). The role of neutralizing antibodies in hepatitis C virus infection. Journal of General Virology, 93(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.035956-0

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a blood-borne virus estimated to infect around 170 million people worldwide and is, therefore, a major disease burden. In some individuals the virus is spontaneously cleared during the acute phase of infection, whilst in ot... Read More about The role of neutralizing antibodies in hepatitis C virus infection.

Hepatitis C patient-derived glycoproteins exhibit marked differences in susceptibility to serum neutralizing antibodies: Genetic subtype defines antigenic but not neutralization serotype (2011)
Journal Article
Tarr, A. W., Urbanowicz, R. A., Hamed, M. R., Albecka, A., McClure, C. P., Brown, R. J., Irving, W. L., Dubuisson, J., & Ball, J. K. (2011). Hepatitis C patient-derived glycoproteins exhibit marked differences in susceptibility to serum neutralizing antibodies: Genetic subtype defines antigenic but not neutralization serotype. Journal of Virology, 85(9), 4246-4257. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01332-10

Neutralizing antibodies have a role in controlling hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. A successful vaccine will need to elicit potently neutralizing antibodies that are capable of preventing the infection of genetically diverse viral isolates. Howeve... Read More about Hepatitis C patient-derived glycoproteins exhibit marked differences in susceptibility to serum neutralizing antibodies: Genetic subtype defines antigenic but not neutralization serotype.

Identification of new functional regions in hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein E2 (2011)
Journal Article
Albecka, A., Montserret, R., Krey, T., Tarr, A. W., Diesis, E., Ball, J. K., Descamps, V., Duverlie, G., Rey, F., Penin, F., & Dubuisson, J. (2011). Identification of new functional regions in hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein E2. Journal of Virology, 85(4), 1777-1792. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02170-10

Little is known about the structure of the envelope glycoproteins of hepatitis C virus (HCV). To identify new regions essential for the function of these glycoproteins, we generated HCV pseudoparticles (HCVpp) containing HCV envelope glycoproteins, E... Read More about Identification of new functional regions in hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein E2.

Specific interaction of hepatitis C virus glycoproteins with mannan binding lectin inhibits virus entry (2010)
Journal Article
Brown, K. S., Keogh, M. J., Owsianka, A. M., Adair, R., Patel, A. H., Arnold, J. N., Ball, J. K., Sim, R. B., Tarr, A. W., & Hickling, T. P. (2010). Specific interaction of hepatitis C virus glycoproteins with mannan binding lectin inhibits virus entry. Protein and Cell, 1(7), 664-674. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13238-010-0088-9

Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) is a soluble innate immune protein that binds to glycosylated targets. MBL acts as an opsonin and activates complement, contributing to the destruction and clearance of infecting microorganisms. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) enc... Read More about Specific interaction of hepatitis C virus glycoproteins with mannan binding lectin inhibits virus entry.

Broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies to the hepatitis C virus E2 glycoprotein (2008)
Journal Article
Owsianka, A. M., Tarr, A. W., Keck, Z. Y., Li, T. K., Witteveldt, J., Adair, R., Foung, S. K., Ball, J. K., & Patel, A. H. (2008). Broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies to the hepatitis C virus E2 glycoprotein. Journal of General Virology, 89(3), 653-659. https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.83386-0

The humoral response to hepatitis C virus (HCV) may contribute to controlling infection. We previously isolated human monoclonal antibodies to conformational epitopes on the HCV E2 glycoprotein. Here, we report on their ability to inhibit infection b... Read More about Broadly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies to the hepatitis C virus E2 glycoprotein.

Association of antibodies to hepatitis C virus glycoproteins 1 and 2 (anti-E1E2) with HCV disease (2008)
Journal Article
Hamed, M. R., Tarr, A. W., McClure, C. P., Ball, J. K., Hickling, T. P., & Irving, W. L. (2008). Association of antibodies to hepatitis C virus glycoproteins 1 and 2 (anti-E1E2) with HCV disease. Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 15(5), 339-345. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2893.2007.00947.x

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes acute and chronic liver diseases in humans. Its two envelope glycoproteins, E1 and E2, provide a target for host immune recognition. HCV genotypes are classified into six genetic groups. To study the role of anti-HCV E1... Read More about Association of antibodies to hepatitis C virus glycoproteins 1 and 2 (anti-E1E2) with HCV disease.

Identification of a broadly cross-reacting and neutralizing human monoclonal antibody directed against the hepatitis C virus E2 protein (2008)
Journal Article
Perotti, M., Mancini, N., Diotti, R. A., Tarr, A. W., Ball, J. K., Owsianka, A., Adair, R., Patel, A. H., Clementi, M., & Burioni, R. (2008). Identification of a broadly cross-reacting and neutralizing human monoclonal antibody directed against the hepatitis C virus E2 protein. Journal of Virology, 82(2), 1047-1052. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01986-07

Identification of anti-hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) human antibody clones with broad neutralizing activity is important for a better understanding of the interplay between the virus and host and for the design of an effective passive immunotherapy an... Read More about Identification of a broadly cross-reacting and neutralizing human monoclonal antibody directed against the hepatitis C virus E2 protein.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies protect against hepatitis C virus quasispecies challenge (2007)
Journal Article
Law, M., Maruyama, T., Lewis, J., Giang, E., Tarr, A. W., Stamataki, Z., Gastaminza, P., Chisari, F. V., Jones, I. M., Fox, R. I., Ball, J. K., McKeating, J. A., Kneteman, N. M., & Burton, D. R. (2008). Broadly neutralizing antibodies protect against hepatitis C virus quasispecies challenge. Nature Medicine, 14(1), 25-27. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1698

A major problem in hepatitis C virus (HCV) immunotherapy or vaccine design is the extreme variability of the virus. We identified human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that neutralize genetically diverse HCV isolates and protect against heterologous HCV... Read More about Broadly neutralizing antibodies protect against hepatitis C virus quasispecies challenge.