Professor JOE WEST's Outputs (119)

COLOFIT: Development and internal-external validation of models using age, sex, faecal immunochemical and blood tests to optimise diagnosis of colorectal cancer in symptomatic patients (2024)
Journal Article
Crooks, C. J., West, J., Jones, J., Hamilton, W., Bailey, S., Abel, G., Banerjea, A., Rees, C. J., Tamm, A., Nicholson, B. D., Benton, S. C., Hunt, N., COLOFIT, R. G., & Humes, D. (in press). COLOFIT: Development and internal-external validation of models using age, sex, faecal immunochemical and blood tests to optimise diagnosis of colorectal cancer in symptomatic patients . Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics,

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most common cancer in the United Kingdom and is the 2nd largest cause of cancer death.

Aim
To develop and validate a model using available information at the time of Faecal Immunochemical testing (FI... Read More about COLOFIT: Development and internal-external validation of models using age, sex, faecal immunochemical and blood tests to optimise diagnosis of colorectal cancer in symptomatic patients.

Supplementary inspired oxygen fraction is a simple clinical tool that predicts clinical deterioration (2024)
Journal Article
Crooks, C. J., West, J., Morling, J. R., Juurlink, I., Briggs, S., Hammond-Pears, S., Shaw, D., Card, T. R., & Fogarty, A. W. (in press). Supplementary inspired oxygen fraction is a simple clinical tool that predicts clinical deterioration. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease,

Primary Liver Cancer Risk and Mortality in Patients With Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis in England and Denmark: Observational Cohort Studies (2024)
Journal Article
Jensen, M. D., West, J., Crooks, C., Morling, J. R., Kraglund, F., Card, T., Askgaard, G., & Jepsen, P. (2024). Primary Liver Cancer Risk and Mortality in Patients With Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis in England and Denmark: Observational Cohort Studies. American Journal of Gastroenterology, https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000003077

INTRODUCTION:
Patients with alcohol-related cirrhosis (ALD cirrhosis) have an increased risk of primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma [iCCA]). England recommends surveillance for HCC in these patien... Read More about Primary Liver Cancer Risk and Mortality in Patients With Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis in England and Denmark: Observational Cohort Studies.

Systematic review: Mortality associated with raised faecal immunochemical test and positive faecal occult blood results (2024)
Journal Article
Ligori Malcolm, F., Yapa, A. K., Wong, Z. Y., Morton, A. J., Crooks, C., West, J., Banerjea, A., & Humes, D. (2024). Systematic review: Mortality associated with raised faecal immunochemical test and positive faecal occult blood results. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 60(7), 840-854. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18208

Background

Faecal haemoglobin (f-Hb) testing is used in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and increasingly to guide the investigation in patients with symptoms suggestive of CRC. Studies have demonstrated increased mortality with raised f-Hb.... Read More about Systematic review: Mortality associated with raised faecal immunochemical test and positive faecal occult blood results.

A requirement for the use of supplementary oxygen to guide medical treatment decisions may introduce bias against non-white individuals (2024)
Journal Article
Crooks, C. J., West, J., Morling, J. R., Simmonds, M., Juurlink, I., Briggs, S., Cruickshank, S., Hammond-Pears, S., Shaw, D., Card, T. R., & Fogarty, A. W. (2024). A requirement for the use of supplementary oxygen to guide medical treatment decisions may introduce bias against non-white individuals. European Respiratory Journal, 63(6), Article 2302320. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.02320-2023

Pulse oximetry has limited utility in identifying potential patients for long-term oxygen therapy (2024)
Journal Article
Crooks, C. J., West, J., Morling, J. R., Simmonds, M., Juurlink, I., Cruickshank, S., Briggs, S., Hammond-Pears, S., Shaw, D., Card, T. R., & Fogarty, A. W. (2024). Pulse oximetry has limited utility in identifying potential patients for long-term oxygen therapy. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 28(5), 253-255. https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.23.0491

Ethnicity and socio-economic status affects the incidence and survival of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (2024)
Journal Article
Bishton, M. J., Crooks, C. J., Card, T. R., & West, J. (2024). Ethnicity and socio-economic status affects the incidence and survival of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma. British Journal of Haematology, 204(6), 2222-2226. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.19371

To address the lack of contemporary population-based epidemiological studies of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL), we undertook a population-based study of ICD-O-3-coded HSTCL in England. We used the National Cancer Registration Dataset and linke... Read More about Ethnicity and socio-economic status affects the incidence and survival of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma.

Population-based study of alcohol-related liver disease in England 2001-2018: Influence of socioeconomic position (2024)
Journal Article
Askgaard, G., Jepsen, P., Jensen, M. D., Kann, A. E., Morling, J., Kraglund, F., Card, T., Crooks, C., & West, J. (2024). Population-based study of alcohol-related liver disease in England 2001-2018: Influence of socioeconomic position. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 119(7), 1337-1345. https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000002677

INTRODUCTION:
England has seen an increase in deaths due to alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) since 2001. We studied the influence of socioeconomic position on the incidence of ALD and the mortality after ALD diagnosis in England in 2001–2018.... Read More about Population-based study of alcohol-related liver disease in England 2001-2018: Influence of socioeconomic position.

Smoking is a risk factor for autoimmune hepatitis: An English registry-based case-control study (2024)
Journal Article
Grønbæk, L., Omeife, H., Ban, L., Crooks, C. J., Card, T. R., Jepsen, P., & West, J. (2024). Smoking is a risk factor for autoimmune hepatitis: An English registry-based case-control study. Clinical Epidemiology, 16, 23-30. https://doi.org/10.2147/CLEP.S439219

Purpose: Smoking is a risk factor for some autoimmune diseases, but its association with autoimmune hepatitis remains unknown. We conducted a population-based matched case–control study to examine the association between tobacco smoking and the risk... Read More about Smoking is a risk factor for autoimmune hepatitis: An English registry-based case-control study.

Risk of alcohol-related liver disease in the offspring of parents with alcohol-related liver disease: A nationwide cohort study (2023)
Journal Article
Jepsen, P., West, J., Kann, A. E., Kraglund, F., Morling, J., Crooks, C., & Askgaard, G. (2024). Risk of alcohol-related liver disease in the offspring of parents with alcohol-related liver disease: A nationwide cohort study. Hepatology, 80(2), 418-427. https://doi.org/10.1097/hep.0000000000000747

Background and aims: Offspring of patients with alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) may have higher risk of ALD. We examined their risk of ALD and survival with ALD.

Approach & Results: We used Danish nationwide registries to identify offspring of... Read More about Risk of alcohol-related liver disease in the offspring of parents with alcohol-related liver disease: A nationwide cohort study.

Outcomes after emergency appendicectomy in patients with liver cirrhosis: a population-based cohort study from England (2023)
Journal Article
Adiamah, A., Rashid, A., Crooks, C. J., Hammond, J. S., Jepsen, P., West, J., & Humes, D. J. (2023). Outcomes after emergency appendicectomy in patients with liver cirrhosis: a population-based cohort study from England. Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery, 408, Article 362. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00423-023-03072-3

Introduction
The mortality risk after appendicectomy in patients with liver cirrhosis is predicted to be higher than in the general population given the associated risk of perioperative bleeding, infections and liver decompensation. This population-... Read More about Outcomes after emergency appendicectomy in patients with liver cirrhosis: a population-based cohort study from England.

Cause-specific mortality in patients with alcohol-related liver disease in Denmark: a population-based study (2023)
Journal Article
Kann, A. E., Jepsen, P., Madsen, L. G., West, J., & Askgaard, G. (2023). Cause-specific mortality in patients with alcohol-related liver disease in Denmark: a population-based study. The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 8(11), 1028-1034. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253%2823%2900192-9

Background
Knowledge of the causes of death is essential to prevent premature death in alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). We examined cause-specific mortality, including death due to specific cancers, in 15 years after diagnosis of ALD.

Methods... Read More about Cause-specific mortality in patients with alcohol-related liver disease in Denmark: a population-based study.

Understanding colorectal cancer risk for symptomatic patients in primary care: A cohort study utilising faecal immunochemical tests and blood results in England (2023)
Journal Article
Crooks, C. J., Banerjea, A., Jones, J., Chapman, C., Oliver, S., West, J., & Humes, D. J. (2023). Understanding colorectal cancer risk for symptomatic patients in primary care: A cohort study utilising faecal immunochemical tests and blood results in England. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 58(4), 443-452. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17632

Background: A faecal immunochemical tests (FIT) cut-off of ≥10 μg Hb/g faeces is now recommended in the UK as a gateway to urgent (suspected cancer) investigation for colorectal cancer (CRC), based on an expected CRC risk threshold of 3%. Aims: To qu... Read More about Understanding colorectal cancer risk for symptomatic patients in primary care: A cohort study utilising faecal immunochemical tests and blood results in England.

Respiratory rate responses to both hypercapnia and acidaemia are modified by age in patients with acidosis (2023)
Journal Article
Crooks, C. J., West, J., Morling, J. R., Simmonds, M., Juurlink, I., Briggs, S., Cruickshank, S., Hammond-Pears, S., Shaw, D., Card, T. R., Marshall, C. R., & Fogarty, A. W. (2023). Respiratory rate responses to both hypercapnia and acidaemia are modified by age in patients with acidosis. Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology, 315, Article 104098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resp.2023.104098

Objective
To explore the associations between arterial pO2, pCO2 and pH and how these are modified by age.

Methods
An analysis of 2598 patients admitted with a diagnosis of Covid-19 infection to a large UK teaching hospital.

Results
There we... Read More about Respiratory rate responses to both hypercapnia and acidaemia are modified by age in patients with acidosis.

Maximal temperature varies by sex and ethnic group in hospital in-patients with Covid-19 infection (2023)
Journal Article
Crooks, C. J., West, J., Gazis, T., Shaw, D., Simmonds, M., Card, T. R., & Fogarty, A. W. (2023). Maximal temperature varies by sex and ethnic group in hospital in-patients with Covid-19 infection. Journal of Medical Virology, 95(6), Article e28837. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.28837

Incidence and Survival in Patients With Enteropathy-associated T-Cell Lymphoma: Nationwide Registry Studies From England and Denmark (2023)
Journal Article
West, J., Jepsen, P., Card, T. R., Crooks, C. J., & Bishton, M. (2023). Incidence and Survival in Patients With Enteropathy-associated T-Cell Lymphoma: Nationwide Registry Studies From England and Denmark. Gastroenterology, 165(4), 1064-1066.e3. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2023.06.003

1-year survival in haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a nationwide cohort study from England 2003–2018 (2023)
Journal Article
West, J., Stilwell, P., Liu, H., Ban, L., Bythell, M., Card, T., Lanyon, P., Nanduri, V., Rankin, J., Bishton, M., & Crooks, C. (2023). 1-year survival in haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a nationwide cohort study from England 2003–2018. Journal of Hematology and Oncology, 16, Article 56. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13045-023-01434-4

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a lethal syndrome of excessive immune activation. We undertook a nationwide study in England of all cases of HLH diagnosed between 2003 and 2018, using linked electronic health data from hospital admission... Read More about 1-year survival in haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a nationwide cohort study from England 2003–2018.

Anaemia of acute inflammation: a higher acute systemic inflammatory response is associated with a larger decrease in blood haemoglobin levels in patients with COVID-19 infection (2023)
Journal Article
Crooks, C. J., West, J., Morling, J. R., Simmonds, M., Juurlink, I., Briggs, S., Cruickshank, S., Hammond-Pears, S., Shaw, D., Card, T. R., & Fogarty, A. W. (2023). Anaemia of acute inflammation: a higher acute systemic inflammatory response is associated with a larger decrease in blood haemoglobin levels in patients with COVID-19 infection. Clinical Medicine, 23(3), 201-205. https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmed.2022-0436

AIMS: The study tests the hypothesis that a higher acute systemic inflammatory response was associated with a larger decrease in blood hemoglobin levels in patients with Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection. METHODS: All patients with either suspect... Read More about Anaemia of acute inflammation: a higher acute systemic inflammatory response is associated with a larger decrease in blood haemoglobin levels in patients with COVID-19 infection.

Effects of statins and aspirin on HCC risk in alcohol-related cirrhosis: nationwide emulated trials (2023)
Journal Article
Kraglund, F., Christensen, D. H., Eiset, A. H., Villadsen, G. E., West, J., & Jepsen, P. (2023). Effects of statins and aspirin on HCC risk in alcohol-related cirrhosis: nationwide emulated trials. Hepatology Communications, 7(1), Article e0013. https://doi.org/10.1097/HC9.0000000000000013

Background and Aims: Observational studies have shown an association between statin or aspirin use and a decreased risk of HCC, but the effects of a well-defined treatment strategy remain unknown. We emulated trials of the effects of continuous stati... Read More about Effects of statins and aspirin on HCC risk in alcohol-related cirrhosis: nationwide emulated trials.

Inverse association between blood pressure and pulse oximetry accuracy: an observational study in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection (2022)
Journal Article
Crooks, C. J., West, J., Morling, J., Simmonds, M., Juurlink, I., Briggs, S., Cruickshank, S., Hammond-Pears, S., Shaw, D., Card, T., & Fogarty, A. W. (2023). Inverse association between blood pressure and pulse oximetry accuracy: an observational study in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection. Emergency Medicine Journal, 40(3), 216-220. https://doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2022-212443

Background
Pulse oximeters are a standard non-invasive tool to measure blood oxygen levels, and are used in multiple healthcare settings. It is important to understand the factors affecting their accuracy to be able to use them optimally and safely.... Read More about Inverse association between blood pressure and pulse oximetry accuracy: an observational study in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection.