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Simple psoas cross-sectional area measurement is a quick and easy method to assess sarcopenia and predicts major surgical complications (2014)
Journal Article
Jones, K., Doleman, B., Scott, S., Lund, J. N., & Williams, J. P. (2015). Simple psoas cross-sectional area measurement is a quick and easy method to assess sarcopenia and predicts major surgical complications. Colorectal Disease, 17(1), Article O20-O26. https://doi.org/10.1111/codi.12805

Aim

Radiologically assessed muscle mass has been suggested as a surrogate marker of functional status and frailty and may predict patients at risk of postoperative complications. We hypothesize that sarcopenia negatively impacts on postoperative r... Read More about Simple psoas cross-sectional area measurement is a quick and easy method to assess sarcopenia and predicts major surgical complications.

Access to medicines by child refugees in the East Midlands region of England: a cross-sectional study (2014)
Journal Article
Alkahtani, S. A., Cherrill, J., Millward, C., Grayson, K., Hilliam, R., Sammons, H., & Choonara, I. (2014). Access to medicines by child refugees in the East Midlands region of England: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 4, Article e006421. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006421

Objectives: To explore access to primary healthcare and drug therapy by refugee children in the East Midlands region of England.
Design: Interviews with refugees with children and a control group of British parents with children.
Setting: East Midl... Read More about Access to medicines by child refugees in the East Midlands region of England: a cross-sectional study.

Cannabinoids in experimental stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2014)
Journal Article
England, T. J., Hind, W. H., Rasid, N. A., & O'Sullivan, S. (2015). Cannabinoids in experimental stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 35(3), https://doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2014.218

Cannabinoids (CBs) show promise as neuroprotectants with some agents already licensed in humans for other conditions. We systematically reviewed CBs in preclinical stroke to guide further experimental protocols. We selected controlled studies assessi... Read More about Cannabinoids in experimental stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

A dose- rather than delivery profile-dependent mechanism regulates the "muscle-full" effect in response to oral essential amino acid intake in young men (2014)
Journal Article
Mitchell, W. K., Phillips, B. E., Williams, J. P., Rankin, D., Lund, J. N., Smith, K., & Atherton, P. J. (2015). A dose- rather than delivery profile-dependent mechanism regulates the "muscle-full" effect in response to oral essential amino acid intake in young men. Journal of Nutrition, 145(2), https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.199604

Background: The anabolic response of skeletal muscle to essential amino acids (EAAs) is dose dependent, maximal at modest doses, and short lived, even with continued EAA availability, a phenomenon termed “muscle-full.” However, the effect of EAA inge... Read More about A dose- rather than delivery profile-dependent mechanism regulates the "muscle-full" effect in response to oral essential amino acid intake in young men.

An evaluation of POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring in predicting post-operative mortality in a level 1 critical care setting (2014)
Journal Article
Scott, S., Lund, J. N., Gold, S., Elliott, R., Vater, M., Chakrabarty, M. P., Heinink, T. P., & Williams, J. P. (2014). An evaluation of POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring in predicting post-operative mortality in a level 1 critical care setting. BMC Anesthesiology, 14(1), Article 104. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2253-14-104

Background

POSSUM and P-POSSUM are used in the assessment of outcomes in surgical patients. Neither scoring systems’ accuracy has been established where a level 1 critical care facility (level 1 care ward) is available for perioperative care. We c... Read More about An evaluation of POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring in predicting post-operative mortality in a level 1 critical care setting.

Methods to Assess Subcellular Compartments of Muscle in C. elegans (2014)
Journal Article
Gaffney, C. J., Bass, J. J., Barratt, T. F., & Szewczyk, N. J. (in press). Methods to Assess Subcellular Compartments of Muscle in C. elegans. Journal of Visualized Experiments, Article e52043. https://doi.org/10.3791/52043

Skeletal muscle is essential for locomotion and is the bodies’ main protein store. Muscle health measurements within C. elegans are described. Prospective changes to muscle structure and function are assessed using localized GFP and cationic dyes.

One-third of patients fail to return to work 1 year after surgery for colorectal cancer (2014)
Journal Article
Bhalla, A., Williams, J. P., Hurst, N., Speake, W., Tierney, G., Tou, S., & Lund, J. N. (2014). One-third of patients fail to return to work 1 year after surgery for colorectal cancer. Techniques in Coloproctology, 18(12), https://doi.org/10.1007/s10151-014-1232-y

Background

Achieving full recovery after colorectal cancer surgery means a return to normal physical and psychological health and to a normal social life. Recovery data focusses on time to discharge rather than longer term functionality including... Read More about One-third of patients fail to return to work 1 year after surgery for colorectal cancer.

Valproic acid and fatalities in children: a review of individual case safety reports in VigiBase (2014)
Journal Article
Star, K., Edwards, I. R., & Choonara, I. (2014). Valproic acid and fatalities in children: a review of individual case safety reports in VigiBase. PLoS ONE, 9(10), Article e108970. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0108970

Introduction

Valproic acid is an effective first line drug for the treatment of epilepsy. Hepatotoxicity is a rare and potentially fatal adverse reaction for this medicine.
Objective

Firstly to characterise valproic acid reports on children wi... Read More about Valproic acid and fatalities in children: a review of individual case safety reports in VigiBase.

Paediatric clinical pharmacology in the UK (2014)
Journal Article
Choonara, I., & Sammons, H. (2014). Paediatric clinical pharmacology in the UK. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 99(12), https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2014-306853

Paediatric clinical pharmacology is the scientific study of medicines in children and is a relatively new subspecialty in paediatrics in the UK. Training encompasses both the study of the effectiveness of drugs in children (clinical trials) and aspec... Read More about Paediatric clinical pharmacology in the UK.

Biological characteristics and clinical outcome of triple negative primary breast cancer in older women - comparison with their younger counterparts. (2014)
Journal Article
Syed, B. M., Green, A. R., Nolan, C. C., Morgan, D. A., Ellis, I. O., & Cheung, K.-L. (2014). Biological characteristics and clinical outcome of triple negative primary breast cancer in older women - comparison with their younger counterparts. PLoS ONE, 9(7), Article e10057. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0100573

Triple negative (ER, PgR and HER2 negative) breast cancers (TNBCs) are often considered as a poor prognostic phenotype. There is dearth of evidence showing the prevalence and biological behaviour of TNBCs in older women. This study aimed to analyse t... Read More about Biological characteristics and clinical outcome of triple negative primary breast cancer in older women - comparison with their younger counterparts..

Impact of the 2008 economic and financial crisis on child health: a systematic review (2014)
Journal Article
Rajmil, L., Fernandez de Sanmamed, M.-J., Choonara, I., Faresjö, T., Hjern, A., Kozyrskyj, A., Lucas, P., Raat, H., Séguin, L., Spencer, N., & Taylor-Robinson, D. (2014). Impact of the 2008 economic and financial crisis on child health: a systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 11, https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110606528

The aim of this study was to provide an overview of studies in which the impact of the 2008 economic crisis on child health was reported. Structured searches of PubMed, and ISI Web of Knowledge, were conducted. Quantitative and qualitative studies re... Read More about Impact of the 2008 economic and financial crisis on child health: a systematic review.

Epithelial mesenchymal transition in early invasive breast cancer: an immunohistochemical and reverse phase protein array study (2014)
Journal Article
Aleskandarany, M. A., Negm, O. H., Green, A. R., Ahmed, M. A. H., Nolan, C. C., Tighe, P. J., Ellis, I. O., & Rakha, E. A. (2014). Epithelial mesenchymal transition in early invasive breast cancer: an immunohistochemical and reverse phase protein array study. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 145(2), 339-348. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-014-2927-5

Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), as defined by loss of epithelial characteristics and gain of a mesenchymal phenotype, has been reported in vivo although the occurrence of events remains unclear. This study aims at exploration of EMT portrait... Read More about Epithelial mesenchymal transition in early invasive breast cancer: an immunohistochemical and reverse phase protein array study.

Alcohol-related brain damage in humans (2014)
Journal Article
Quintas, L. E. M., Erdozain, A. M., Morentin, B., Bedford, L., King, E., Tooth, D., Brewer, C., Wayne, D., Johnson, L., Gerdes, H. K., Wigmore, P., Callado, L. F., & Carter, W. G. (2014). Alcohol-related brain damage in humans. PLoS ONE, 9(4), Article e93586. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093586

Chronic excessive alcohol intoxications evoke cumulative damage to tissues and organs. We examined prefrontal cortex (Brodmann’s area (BA) 9) from 20 human alcoholics and 20 age, gender, and postmortem delay matched control subjects. H & E staining a... Read More about Alcohol-related brain damage in humans.

The neurodegenerative effects of selenium are inhibited by FOXO and PINK1/PTEN regulation of insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans (2014)
Journal Article
Estevez, A. O., Morgan, K. L., Szewczyk, N. J., Gems, D., & Estevez, M. (2014). The neurodegenerative effects of selenium are inhibited by FOXO and PINK1/PTEN regulation of insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans. NeuroToxicology, 41, 28-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2013.12.012

Protein Carbonylation and Heat Shock Proteins in Human Skeletal Muscle: Relationships to Age and Sarcopenia (2014)
Journal Article
Beltran Valls, M. R., Wilkinson, D. J., Narici, M. V., Phillips, B. E., Smith, K., Caporossi, D., & Atherton, P. J. (2015). Protein Carbonylation and Heat Shock Proteins in Human Skeletal Muscle: Relationships to Age and Sarcopenia. Journals of Gerontology, Series A, 70(2), 174-181. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glu007

Aging is associated with a gradual loss of muscle mass termed sarcopenia, which has significant impact on quality-of-life. Because oxidative stress is proposed to negatively impact upon musculoskeletal aging, we investigated links between human aging... Read More about Protein Carbonylation and Heat Shock Proteins in Human Skeletal Muscle: Relationships to Age and Sarcopenia.

European undergraduate curriculum in geriatric medicine developed using an international modified Delphi technique (2014)
Journal Article
Masud, T., Blundell, A., Gordon, A. L., Mulpeter, K., Roller, R., Singler, K., Goeldlin, A., & Stuck, A. (2014). European undergraduate curriculum in geriatric medicine developed using an international modified Delphi technique. Age and Ageing, 43(5), 695-702. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afu019

Introduction: the rise in the number of older, frail adults necessitates that future doctors are adequately trained in the skills of geriatric medicine. Few countries have dedicated curricula in geriatric medicine at the undergraduate level. The aim... Read More about European undergraduate curriculum in geriatric medicine developed using an international modified Delphi technique.

The effects of obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome on the hydrolytic enzymes of the endocannabinoid system in animal and human adipocytes (2014)
Journal Article
Cable, J. C., Tan, G. D., Alexander, S. P., & O'Sullivan, S. E. (2014). The effects of obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome on the hydrolytic enzymes of the endocannabinoid system in animal and human adipocytes. Lipids in Health and Disease, 13(1), Article 43. https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-13-43

Background: Circulating endocannabinoid levels are increased in obesity and diabetes. We have shown that fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH, an endocannabinoid hydrolysing enzyme) in subcutaneous adipose tissue positively correlates with BMI in healthy... Read More about The effects of obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome on the hydrolytic enzymes of the endocannabinoid system in animal and human adipocytes.