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Pneumococcal pneumonia trends in adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia over 10 years (2013–2023) and the role of serotype 3 (2024)
Journal Article
Lansbury, L., McKeever, T. M., Lawrence, H., Pick, H., Baskaran, V., Edwards-Pritchard, R. C., Matthews, L., Bailey, H., Ashton, D., Bendall, L., Rodrigo, C., Daniel, P., Litt, D., Eletu, S., Parmar, H., Sheppard, C. L., Ladhani, S., Trotter, C., & Lim, W. S. (2024). Pneumococcal pneumonia trends in adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia over 10 years (2013–2023) and the role of serotype 3. Thorax, https://doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2024-221976

Background With higher valency pneumococcal vaccines on the horizon and new adult immunisation strategies under discussion, we aimed to evaluate the contribution of individual pneumococcal serotypes to the burden of pneumococcal community-acquired pn... Read More about Pneumococcal pneumonia trends in adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia over 10 years (2013–2023) and the role of serotype 3.

Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia (2024)
Journal Article
Lansbury, L., McKeever, T. M., Lawrence, H., Pick, H., Baskaran, V., Edwards-Pritchard, R. C., Ashton, D., Rodrigo, C., Daniel, P., Litt, D., Eletu, S., Parmar, H., Sheppard, C. L., Ladhani, S., Trotter, C., & Lim, W. S. (2024). Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia. Journal of Infection, 89(5), Article 106277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106277

Objectives

We aimed to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for nasopharyngeal and oral pneumococcal carriage in adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and the relationship between carried and disease-causing serotypes.

Methods... Read More about Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia.

Pneumococcal serotypes and risk factors in adult community-acquired pneumonia 2018–20; a multicentre UK cohort study (2023)
Journal Article
Lansbury, L., Lawrence, H., McKeever, T. M., French, N., Aston, S., Hill, A. T., Pick, H., Baskaran, V., Edwards-Pritchard, R. C., Bendall, L., Ashton, D., Butler, J., Daniel, P., Bewick, T., Rodrigo, C., Litt, D., Eletu, S., Sheppard, C. L., Fry, N. K., Ladhani, S., …Lim, W. S. (2024). Pneumococcal serotypes and risk factors in adult community-acquired pneumonia 2018–20; a multicentre UK cohort study. Lancet Regional Health – Europe, 37, Article 100812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2023.100812

Background: Higher-valency pneumococcal vaccines are anticipated. We aimed to describe serotype distribution and risk factors for vaccine-serotype community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the two years pre-SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Methods: We conducted a pr... Read More about Pneumococcal serotypes and risk factors in adult community-acquired pneumonia 2018–20; a multicentre UK cohort study.

Nepalese indoor cookstove smoke extracts alter human airway epithelial gene expression, DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation (2023)
Journal Article
Rajasekar, P., Hall, R. J., Binaya, K., Mahapatra, P. S., Puppala, S. P., Thakker, D., MacIsaac, J. L., Lin, D., Kobor, M., Bolton, C. E., Sayers, I., Hall, I. P., & Clifford, R. L. (2023). Nepalese indoor cookstove smoke extracts alter human airway epithelial gene expression, DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation. Environmental Pollution, 337, Article 122561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122561

Household air pollution caused by inefficient cooking practices causes 4 million deaths a year worldwide. In Nepal, 86% of the rural population use solid fuels for cooking. Over 25% of premature deaths associated with air pollution are respiratory in... Read More about Nepalese indoor cookstove smoke extracts alter human airway epithelial gene expression, DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation.

Complex roles of TGF-β signaling pathways in lung development and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (2023)
Journal Article
Calthorpe, R. J., Poulter, C., Smyth, A. R., Sharkey, D., Bhatt, J., Jenkins, G., & Tatler, A. L. (2023). Complex roles of TGF-β signaling pathways in lung development and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. AJP - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 324(3), L285-L296. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00106.2021

As survival of extremely preterm infants continues to improve, there is also an associated increase in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), one of the most significant complications of preterm birth. BPD development is multifactorial resulting from expo... Read More about Complex roles of TGF-β signaling pathways in lung development and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement for PhD Students (2023)
Preprint / Working Paper
Gladman, J. R. F., Stocks, J., Phillips, B., Horobin, A., Wragg, A., Mundey, M., Woodcock, R., Braybrooke, R., Junor, A., Hendy, C., Morgan, K., Prior, M., & Humes, D. Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement for PhD Students

This paper aims to provide useful advice regarding the development of skills for patient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) in research. The authors of this paper comprise experienced PhD supervisors and trainers, researchers leading PPIE a... Read More about Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement for PhD Students.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia prediction models: a systematic review and meta-analysis with validation (2023)
Journal Article
Kwok, T. C., Batey, N., Luu, K. L., Prayle, A., & Sharkey, D. (2023). Bronchopulmonary dysplasia prediction models: a systematic review and meta-analysis with validation. Pediatric Research, 94, 43–54. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-022-02451-8

Abstract: Prediction models could identify infants at the greatest risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and allow targeted preventative strategies. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis with external validation of identified models.... Read More about Bronchopulmonary dysplasia prediction models: a systematic review and meta-analysis with validation.

Differential remodelling in small and large murine airways revealed by novel whole lung airway analysis (2023)
Journal Article
Tatler, A. L., Philp, C. J., Hill, M. R., Cox, S., Bullock, A. M., John, A., Middlewick, R., Stephenson, K. E., Goodwin, A. T., Billington, C. K., O'Dea, R. D., Johnson, S. R., & Brook, B. S. (2023). Differential remodelling in small and large murine airways revealed by novel whole lung airway analysis. American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 324(3), L271-L284. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00034.2022

Airway remodelling occurs in chronic asthma leading to increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass and extra-cellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Whilst extensively studied in murine airways, studies report only selected larger airways at one time point m... Read More about Differential remodelling in small and large murine airways revealed by novel whole lung airway analysis.

Inverse association between blood pressure and pulse oximetry accuracy: an observational study in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection (2022)
Journal Article
Crooks, C. J., West, J., Morling, J., Simmonds, M., Juurlink, I., Briggs, S., Cruickshank, S., Hammond-Pears, S., Shaw, D., Card, T., & Fogarty, A. W. (2023). Inverse association between blood pressure and pulse oximetry accuracy: an observational study in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection. Emergency Medicine Journal, 40(3), 216-220. https://doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2022-212443

Background
Pulse oximeters are a standard non-invasive tool to measure blood oxygen levels, and are used in multiple healthcare settings. It is important to understand the factors affecting their accuracy to be able to use them optimally and safely.... Read More about Inverse association between blood pressure and pulse oximetry accuracy: an observational study in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection.

Procalcitonin Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in COVID-19 Hospitalised Patients (PEACH): Protocol for a Retrospective Observational Study (2022)
Journal Article
Euden, J., Pallmann, P., Grozeva, D., Albur, M., Bond, S. E., Brookes-Howell, L., Dark, P., Hellyer, T., Hopkins, S., Howard, P., Llewelyn, M. J., Maboshe, W., McCullagh, I. J., Ogden, M., Parsons, H., Partridge, D., Powell, N., Shaw, D., Shinkins, B., Szakmany, T., …PEACH Study Group. (2022). Procalcitonin Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in COVID-19 Hospitalised Patients (PEACH): Protocol for a Retrospective Observational Study. Methods and Protocols, 5(6), Article 95. https://doi.org/10.3390/mps5060095

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel virus responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Although COVID-19 is a viral illness, many patients admitted to hospital are prescribed antibiotics, based... Read More about Procalcitonin Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in COVID-19 Hospitalised Patients (PEACH): Protocol for a Retrospective Observational Study.

Plasma cells: a feasible therapeutic target in pulmonary fibrosis? (2022)
Journal Article
Goodwin, A. T., Noble, P. W., & Tatler, A. L. (2022). Plasma cells: a feasible therapeutic target in pulmonary fibrosis?. European Respiratory Journal, 60(5), Article 2201748. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01748-2022

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal lung disease characterised by the irreversible replacement of normal lung parenchyma with stiff scar tissue. The prognosis of IPF is very poor, with a median survival worse than many canc... Read More about Plasma cells: a feasible therapeutic target in pulmonary fibrosis?.

Mechanistic and Clinical Evidence Supports a Key Role for Cell Division Cycle Associated 5 (CDCA5) as an Independent Predictor of Outcome in Invasive Breast Cancer (2022)
Journal Article
Kariri, Y. A., Joseph, C., Alsaleem, M. A., Elsharawy, K. A., Alsaeed, S., Toss, M. S., Mongan, N. P., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. A. (2022). Mechanistic and Clinical Evidence Supports a Key Role for Cell Division Cycle Associated 5 (CDCA5) as an Independent Predictor of Outcome in Invasive Breast Cancer. Cancers, 14(22), Article 5643. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14225643

Background: Cell Division Cycle Associated 5 (CDCA5) plays a role in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involving cell division, cancer cell migration and apoptosis. This study aims to assess the prognostic and biologica... Read More about Mechanistic and Clinical Evidence Supports a Key Role for Cell Division Cycle Associated 5 (CDCA5) as an Independent Predictor of Outcome in Invasive Breast Cancer.

Forced vital capacity trajectories in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a secondary analysis of a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort (2022)
Journal Article
Fainberg, H. P., Oldham, J. M., Molyneau, P. L., Allen, R. J., Kraven, L. M., Fahy, W. A., Porte, J., Braybrooke, R., Saini, G., Karsdal, M. A., Leeming, D. J., Triguero, I., Sand, J. M. B., Oballa, E., Wells, A. U., Renzoni, E., Wain, L. V., Noth, I., Maher, T. M., Stewart, I. D., & Jenkins, R. G. (2022). Forced vital capacity trajectories in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a secondary analysis of a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort. The Lancet. Digital Health, 4(12), e862-e872. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500%2822%2900173-X

Background: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic lung disease with a variable clinical trajectory. Decline in Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) is the main indicator of progression, however missingness prevents long-term analysis o... Read More about Forced vital capacity trajectories in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a secondary analysis of a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort.

Differential pulse oximetry readings between ethnic groups and delayed transfer to intensive care units (2022)
Journal Article
Crooks, C. J., West, J., Morling, J. R., Simmonds, M., Juurlink, I., Briggs, S., Cruickshank, S., Hammond-Pears, S., Shaw, D., Card, T. R., & Fogarty, A. W. (2023). Differential pulse oximetry readings between ethnic groups and delayed transfer to intensive care units. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 116(1), 63-67. https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcac218

Summary Background Pulse oximeters are widely used to monitor blood oxygen saturations, although concerns exist that they are less accurate in individuals with pigmented skin. Aims This study aimed to determine if patients with pigmented skin were mo... Read More about Differential pulse oximetry readings between ethnic groups and delayed transfer to intensive care units.

Outgrowth Endothelial Cell Conditioned Medium Negates TNF-α-Evoked Cerebral Barrier Damage: A Reverse Translational Research to Explore Mechanisms (2022)
Journal Article
Kadir, R. R. A., Alwjwaj, M., Rakkar, K., Othman, O. A., Sprigg, N., Bath, P. M., & Bayraktutan, U. (2022). Outgrowth Endothelial Cell Conditioned Medium Negates TNF-α-Evoked Cerebral Barrier Damage: A Reverse Translational Research to Explore Mechanisms. Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-022-10439-4

Improved understanding of the key mechanisms underlying cerebral ischemic injury is essential for the discovery of efficacious novel therapeutics for stroke. Through detailed analysis of plasma samples obtained from a large number of healthy voluntee... Read More about Outgrowth Endothelial Cell Conditioned Medium Negates TNF-α-Evoked Cerebral Barrier Damage: A Reverse Translational Research to Explore Mechanisms.

Predicting outcome in acute respiratory admissions using patterns of National Early Warning Scores (2022)
Journal Article
Forster, S., McKeever, T. M., Churpek, M., Gonem, S., & Shaw, D. (2022). Predicting outcome in acute respiratory admissions using patterns of National Early Warning Scores. Clinical Medicine, 22(5), 409-415. https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmed.2022-0074

Aims Accurately predicting risk of patient deterioration is vital. Altered physiology in chronic disease affects the prognostic ability of vital signs based early warning score systems. We aimed to assess the potential of early warning score patterns... Read More about Predicting outcome in acute respiratory admissions using patterns of National Early Warning Scores.

Device-assessed sleep and physical activity in individuals recovering from a hospital admission for COVID-19: a multicentre study (2022)
Journal Article
Plekhanova, T., Rowlands, A. V., Evans, R. A., Edwardson, C. L., Bishop, N. C., Bolton, C. E., Chalmers, J. D., Davies, M. J., Daynes, E., Dempsey, P. C., Docherty, A. B., Elneima, O., Greening, N. J., Greenwood, S. A., Hall, A. P., Harris, V. C., Harrison, E. M., Henson, J., Ho, L. P., Horsley, A., …PHOSP-COVID Collaborative Group. (2022). Device-assessed sleep and physical activity in individuals recovering from a hospital admission for COVID-19: a multicentre study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 19(1), Article 94. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-022-01333-w

Background: The number of individuals recovering from severe COVID-19 is increasing rapidly. However, little is known about physical behaviours that make up the 24-h cycle within these individuals. This study aimed to describe physical behaviours fol... Read More about Device-assessed sleep and physical activity in individuals recovering from a hospital admission for COVID-19: a multicentre study.

Domesticating cleaner cookstoves for improved respiratory health: Using approaches from the sanitation sector to explore the adoption and sustained use of improved cooking technologies in Nepal (2022)
Journal Article
Jewitt, S., Smallman-Raynor, M., Binaya, C., Robinson, B., Adhikari, P., Evans, C., Karmacharya, B., Bolton, C. E., & Hall, I. P. (2022). Domesticating cleaner cookstoves for improved respiratory health: Using approaches from the sanitation sector to explore the adoption and sustained use of improved cooking technologies in Nepal. Social Science and Medicine, 308, Article 115201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115201

Drawing on village-based data from Nepal, this paper explores the transferability of the Integrated Behavioural Model for Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (IBM-WASH) to the clean cooking sector and its potential to elucidate how barriers to improved coo... Read More about Domesticating cleaner cookstoves for improved respiratory health: Using approaches from the sanitation sector to explore the adoption and sustained use of improved cooking technologies in Nepal.