All Outputs (12)

Ecological Personhood: A Bridging Approach (2025)
Journal Article
FLEMING, S., & BRITO VIEIRA, M. (2025). Ecological Personhood: A Bridging Approach. American Political Science Review, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055425100762

Aotearoa New Zealand’s recognition of the Whanganui River as a legal person in 2017 has generated a lively debate. While advocates argue that ascribing personhood to natural entities is a powerful tool for redressing historical injustices against Ind... Read More about Ecological Personhood: A Bridging Approach.

Leviathan on a Leash (2025)
Book
Fleming, S. (2025). Leviathan on a Leash. Princeton University Press

Excavating the Underground: How to Study the Ideologies of Radical Groups (2024)
Book Chapter
Fleming, S. (in press). Excavating the Underground: How to Study the Ideologies of Radical Groups. In Routledge Handbook of Ideology Analysis (26). Routledge

Studying the ideologies of radical groups presents unique methodological and practical challenges. Whereas political parties have published platforms, recognized leaders, and authorized spokespeople, radical groups tend to operate in decentralized an... Read More about Excavating the Underground: How to Study the Ideologies of Radical Groups.

Searching for Ecoterrorism: The Crucial Case of the Unabomber (2024)
Journal Article
Fleming, S. (2024). Searching for Ecoterrorism: The Crucial Case of the Unabomber. American Political Science Review, 204, Article 109926. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000305542300148X

A key finding of recent scholarship on political violence is that environmentalists rarely, if ever, use lethal violence. Many scholars have argued that "ecoterrorism"is a misnomer for what is more accurately termed "ecotage."Large-n studies of envir... Read More about Searching for Ecoterrorism: The Crucial Case of the Unabomber.

Causation, Fault and Function in the Rules of Attribution (2022)
Book Chapter
Fleming, S. (2022). Causation, Fault and Function in the Rules of Attribution. In S. Besson (Ed.), Theories of International Responsibility Law. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009208550

The Unabomber and the origins of anti-tech radicalism (2021)
Journal Article
Fleming, S. (2022). The Unabomber and the origins of anti-tech radicalism. Journal of Political Ideologies, 27(2), 207-225. https://doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2021.1921940

Theodore Kaczynski, better known as the Unabomber, is one of America’s most infamous domestic terrorists. His 1995 Manifesto, ‘Industrial Society and Its Future’, is well known and influential among radicals of many stripes, yet surprisingly little h... Read More about The Unabomber and the origins of anti-tech radicalism.

Leviathan on Trial (2020)
Journal Article
Fleming, S. (2021). Leviathan on Trial. International Theory, 13(3), 427-450. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971920000354

Many political theorists, philosophers, and International Relations scholars argue that states are ‘corporate moral agents’, which can be held responsible in many of the same ways as individual moral agents. States can have debts, contractual obligat... Read More about Leviathan on Trial.

A Political Theory of Treaty Repudiation (2019)
Journal Article
Fleming, S. (2020). A Political Theory of Treaty Repudiation. Journal of Political Philosophy, 28(1), 3-26. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopp.12195

The Two Faces of Personhood (2017)
Journal Article
Fleming, S. (2021). The Two Faces of Personhood. European Journal of Political Theory, 20(1), https://doi.org/10.1177/1474885117731941

There is an important but underappreciated ambiguity in Hobbes’ concept of personhood. In one sense, persons are representatives or actors. In the other sense, persons are representees or characters. An estate agent is a person in the first sense; he... Read More about The Two Faces of Personhood.

Moral agents and legal persons: the ethics and the law of state responsibility (2017)
Journal Article
Fleming, S. (2017). Moral agents and legal persons: the ethics and the law of state responsibility. International Theory, 9(3), 466 - 489. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1752971917000100

Why, if at all, does it make sense to assign some responsibilities to states rather than to individuals? There are two contemporary answers. According to the agential theory, states can be held responsible because they are moral agents, much like hum... Read More about Moral agents and legal persons: the ethics and the law of state responsibility.

Artificial persons and attributed actions: How to interpret action-sentences about states (2016)
Journal Article
Fleming, S. (2017). Artificial persons and attributed actions: How to interpret action-sentences about states. European Journal of International Relations, 23(4), 930 - 950. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354066116679244

Action-sentences about states, such as ‘North Korea conducted a nuclear test’, are ubiquitous in discourse about international relations. Although there has been a great deal of debate in International Relations about whether states are agents or act... Read More about Artificial persons and attributed actions: How to interpret action-sentences about states.

The Communitarianism of Extremity: Walzer’s Supreme Emergency Argument Revisited (2016)
Journal Article
Fleming, S. (2016). The Communitarianism of Extremity: Walzer’s Supreme Emergency Argument Revisited. St Antony's International Review, 12(1), 90-103

One of Michael Walzer’s most controversial arguments in Just and Unjust Wars is that soldiers and political leaders can override the principle of noncombatant immunity—and even deliberately kill innocent people—if their political community faces an i... Read More about The Communitarianism of Extremity: Walzer’s Supreme Emergency Argument Revisited.