All Outputs (3)

An inspection of rail franchise procurement: first-class regulation for privatised passenger rail? (2018)
Journal Article
Butler, L. (2018). An inspection of rail franchise procurement: first-class regulation for privatised passenger rail?. Public Procurement Law Review, 6, 251-278

Examines the operation of rail franchise procurement in the UK. Reviews key aspects of such franchising, its legal framework, whether the process is open to competitive tendering or direct awards, and the rules on publication of opportunities, consul... Read More about An inspection of rail franchise procurement: first-class regulation for privatised passenger rail?.

Rail Franchises, Competition and Public Service (2018)
Journal Article
Prosser, T., & Butler, L. (2018). Rail Franchises, Competition and Public Service. Modern Law Review, 81(1), 23-50. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2230.12315

The use of franchises to deliver rail services has raised major problems. Franchises restrict competition in the market, whilst competitive bidding for franchises has met with difficulties, notably in relation to risk transfer and the recent use of s... Read More about Rail Franchises, Competition and Public Service.

The internal market and national security: Transposition, impact and reform of the EU Directive on Intra-Community Transfers of Defence Products (2017)
Journal Article
Butler, L., & Trybus, M. (2017). The internal market and national security: Transposition, impact and reform of the EU Directive on Intra-Community Transfers of Defence Products. Common Market Law Review, 54(2), 403-441

Whilst the Internal Market has been operational for decades, the free movement of defence products within the EU has been restricted by national licensing practices. Member States have treated “intra-EU” transfers as equivalent to third country expor... Read More about The internal market and national security: Transposition, impact and reform of the EU Directive on Intra-Community Transfers of Defence Products.