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Oesophageal Doppler guided optimization of cardiac output does not increase visceral microvascular blood flow in healthy volunteers (2017)
Journal Article
Heinink, T. P., Read, D. J., Mitchell, W. K., Bhalla, A., Lund, J. N., Phillips, B. E., & Williams, J. P. (2018). Oesophageal Doppler guided optimization of cardiac output does not increase visceral microvascular blood flow in healthy volunteers. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, 38(2), 213-219. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12401

Background

Oesophageal Doppler monitoring (ODM) is used clinically to optimize cardiac output (CO) and guide fluid therapy. Despite limited experimental evidence, it is assumed that increasing CO increases visceral microvascular blood flow (MBF).... Read More about Oesophageal Doppler guided optimization of cardiac output does not increase visceral microvascular blood flow in healthy volunteers.

Fibrin glue for pilonidal sinus disease (2017)
Journal Article
Lund, J. N., Tou, S., Doleman, B., & Williams, J. P. (in press). Fibrin glue for pilonidal sinus disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2017(1), Article CD011923. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD011923.pub2

Background
Pilonidal sinus disease is a common condition that mainly affects young adults. This condition can cause significant pain and impairment of normal activities. No consensus currently exists on the optimum treatment for pilonidal sinus and... Read More about Fibrin glue for pilonidal sinus disease.

Simulation fails to replicate stress in trainees performing a technical procedure in the clinical environment (2016)
Journal Article
Baker, B., Bhalla, A., Doleman, B., Yarnold, E., Simons, S., Lund, J. N., & Williams, J. P. (in press). Simulation fails to replicate stress in trainees performing a technical procedure in the clinical environment. Medical Teacher, 39(1), https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2016.1230188

Introduction: Simulation-based training (SBT) has become an increasingly important method by which doctors learn. Stress has an impact upon learning, performance, technical, and non-technical skills. However, there are currently no studies that compa... Read More about Simulation fails to replicate stress in trainees performing a technical procedure in the clinical environment.

Anaesthetists stress is induced by patient ASA grade and may impair non-technical skills during intubation (2016)
Journal Article
Doleman, B., Blackwell, J., Karangizi, A., Butt, W., Bhalla, A., Lund, J. N., & Williams, J. P. (2016). Anaesthetists stress is induced by patient ASA grade and may impair non-technical skills during intubation. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 60(7), 910-916. https://doi.org/10.1111/aas.12716

Background

The aims of this study were to determine if patient ASA grade was associated with increased stress in anaesthetists with a subsequent effect on non-technical skills.
Methods

Stress was measured using a validated objective (heart rat... Read More about Anaesthetists stress is induced by patient ASA grade and may impair non-technical skills during intubation.

The impact of delivery profile of essential amino acids upon skeletal muscle protein synthesis in older men: clinical efficacy of pulse vs. bolus supply (2015)
Journal Article
Mitchell, W. K., Phillips, B. E., Williams, J. P., Rankin, D., Lund, J. N., Wilkinson, D. J., Smith, K., & Atherton, P. J. (2015). The impact of delivery profile of essential amino acids upon skeletal muscle protein synthesis in older men: clinical efficacy of pulse vs. bolus supply. AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 309(5), Article E450-E457. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00112.2015

Essential amino acids (EAA) are responsible for skeletal muscle anabolic effects after nutrient intake. The pattern of appearance of EAA in blood, e.g., after intake of “slow” or “fast” protein sources or in response to grazing vs. bolus feeding patt... Read More about The impact of delivery profile of essential amino acids upon skeletal muscle protein synthesis in older men: clinical efficacy of pulse vs. bolus supply.

Day-case closure of ileostomy: feasible, safe and efficient (2015)
Journal Article
Bhalla, A., Peacock, O., Tierney, G., Tou, S., Hurst, N., Speake, W., Williams, J. P., & Lund, J. N. (2015). Day-case closure of ileostomy: feasible, safe and efficient. Colorectal Disease, 17(9), https://doi.org/10.1111/codi.12961

Aim

Over 5000 loop ileostomy closures were performed in the UK in 2013 with a median inpatient stay of 5 days. Previously we have successfully implemented a 23-h protocol for loop ileostomy closure which was modified for same-day discharge. We pre... Read More about Day-case closure of ileostomy: feasible, safe and efficient.

Study investigating the role of skeletal muscle mass estimation in metastatic spinal cord compression (2015)
Journal Article
Gakhar, H., Dhillon, A., Blackwell, J., Hussain, K., Bommireddy, R., Klezl, Z., & Williams, J. (2015). Study investigating the role of skeletal muscle mass estimation in metastatic spinal cord compression. European Spine Journal, 24(10), 2150-2155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-015-4050-7

Background

Age-related loss of functional muscle mass is associated with reduced functional ability and life expectancy. In disseminated cancer, age-related muscle loss may be exacerbated by cachexia and poor nutritional intake, increasing functio... Read More about Study investigating the role of skeletal muscle mass estimation in metastatic spinal cord compression.

The effects of resistance exercise training on macro- and micro-circulatory responses to feeding and skeletal muscle protein anabolism in older men (2015)
Journal Article
Phillips, B. E., Atherton, P. J., Varadhan, K., Limb, M. C., Wilkinson, D. J., Sjøberg, K. A., Smith, K., & Williams, J. P. (2015). The effects of resistance exercise training on macro- and micro-circulatory responses to feeding and skeletal muscle protein anabolism in older men. Journal of Physiology, 593(12), https://doi.org/10.1113/JP270343

The anabolic effects of dietary protein on skeletal muscle depend on adequate skeletal muscle perfusion, which is impaired in older people. This study explores fed state muscle microvascular blood flow, protein metabolism and exercise training status... Read More about The effects of resistance exercise training on macro- and micro-circulatory responses to feeding and skeletal muscle protein anabolism in older men.

Creatinine and myoglobin are poor predictors of anaerobic threshold in colorectal cancer and health (2015)
Journal Article
Nyasavajjala, S. M., Phillips, B. E., Lund, J. N., & Williams, J. P. (2015). Creatinine and myoglobin are poor predictors of anaerobic threshold in colorectal cancer and health. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 6(2), https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.12020

Aims

Myoglobin is a haem protein produced in skeletal muscles. Serum concentrations of myoglobin have been proposed as a surrogate marker of muscle mass and function in both cachectic cancer patients and healthy non-cancer individuals. Creatinine,... Read More about Creatinine and myoglobin are poor predictors of anaerobic threshold in colorectal cancer and health.

Assessing surgeon stress when operating using heart rate variability and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory: will surgery be the death of us? (2015)
Journal Article
Jones, K., Amawi, F., Bhalla, A., Peacock, O., Williams, J. P., & Lund, J. N. (2015). Assessing surgeon stress when operating using heart rate variability and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory: will surgery be the death of us?. Colorectal Disease, 17(4), https://doi.org/10.1111/codi.12844

Aim

Performance in the operating room is affected by a combination of individual, patient and environmental factors amongst others. Stress has a potential negative impact on performance with the quality of surgical practice and patient safety bein... Read More about Assessing surgeon stress when operating using heart rate variability and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory: will surgery be the death of us?.

Simple psoas cross-sectional area measurement is a quick and easy method to assess sarcopenia and predicts major surgical complications (2014)
Journal Article
Jones, K., Doleman, B., Scott, S., Lund, J. N., & Williams, J. P. (2015). Simple psoas cross-sectional area measurement is a quick and easy method to assess sarcopenia and predicts major surgical complications. Colorectal Disease, 17(1), Article O20-O26. https://doi.org/10.1111/codi.12805

Aim

Radiologically assessed muscle mass has been suggested as a surrogate marker of functional status and frailty and may predict patients at risk of postoperative complications. We hypothesize that sarcopenia negatively impacts on postoperative r... Read More about Simple psoas cross-sectional area measurement is a quick and easy method to assess sarcopenia and predicts major surgical complications.

A dose- rather than delivery profile-dependent mechanism regulates the "muscle-full" effect in response to oral essential amino acid intake in young men (2014)
Journal Article
Mitchell, W. K., Phillips, B. E., Williams, J. P., Rankin, D., Lund, J. N., Smith, K., & Atherton, P. J. (2015). A dose- rather than delivery profile-dependent mechanism regulates the "muscle-full" effect in response to oral essential amino acid intake in young men. Journal of Nutrition, 145(2), https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.199604

Background: The anabolic response of skeletal muscle to essential amino acids (EAAs) is dose dependent, maximal at modest doses, and short lived, even with continued EAA availability, a phenomenon termed “muscle-full.” However, the effect of EAA inge... Read More about A dose- rather than delivery profile-dependent mechanism regulates the "muscle-full" effect in response to oral essential amino acid intake in young men.

An evaluation of POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring in predicting post-operative mortality in a level 1 critical care setting (2014)
Journal Article
Scott, S., Lund, J. N., Gold, S., Elliott, R., Vater, M., Chakrabarty, M. P., Heinink, T. P., & Williams, J. P. (2014). An evaluation of POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring in predicting post-operative mortality in a level 1 critical care setting. BMC Anesthesiology, 14(1), Article 104. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2253-14-104

Background

POSSUM and P-POSSUM are used in the assessment of outcomes in surgical patients. Neither scoring systems’ accuracy has been established where a level 1 critical care facility (level 1 care ward) is available for perioperative care. We c... Read More about An evaluation of POSSUM and P-POSSUM scoring in predicting post-operative mortality in a level 1 critical care setting.

One-third of patients fail to return to work 1 year after surgery for colorectal cancer (2014)
Journal Article
Bhalla, A., Williams, J. P., Hurst, N., Speake, W., Tierney, G., Tou, S., & Lund, J. N. (2014). One-third of patients fail to return to work 1 year after surgery for colorectal cancer. Techniques in Coloproctology, 18(12), https://doi.org/10.1007/s10151-014-1232-y

Background

Achieving full recovery after colorectal cancer surgery means a return to normal physical and psychological health and to a normal social life. Recovery data focusses on time to discharge rather than longer term functionality including... Read More about One-third of patients fail to return to work 1 year after surgery for colorectal cancer.

Surgical resection of primary tumour improves aerobic performance in colorectal cancer (2013)
Journal Article
Williams, J. P., Nyasavajjala, S. M., Phillips, B. E., Chakrabarty, M., & Lund, J. N. (2014). Surgical resection of primary tumour improves aerobic performance in colorectal cancer. EJSO - European Journal of Surgical Oncology, 40(2), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2013.11.009

Background

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the UK, with patients suffering declines in muscle mass and aerobic function. We hypothesised that tumour removal in non-metastatic colorectal cancer would lead to a restoration of le... Read More about Surgical resection of primary tumour improves aerobic performance in colorectal cancer.

Pharmacological enhancement of leg and muscle microvascular blood flow does not augment anabolic responses in skeletal muscle of young men under fed conditions (2013)
Journal Article
Phillips, B. E., Atherton, P. J., Varadhan, K., Wilkinson, D. J., Limb, M. C., Selby, A. L., Rennie, M. J., Smith, K., & Williams, J. P. (2014). Pharmacological enhancement of leg and muscle microvascular blood flow does not augment anabolic responses in skeletal muscle of young men under fed conditions. AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 306(2), Article E168-E176. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00440.2013

Skeletal muscle anabolism associated with postprandial plasma aminoacidemia and insulinemia is contingent upon amino acids (AA) and insulin crossing the microcirculation-myocyte interface. In this study, we hypothesized that increasing muscle microva... Read More about Pharmacological enhancement of leg and muscle microvascular blood flow does not augment anabolic responses in skeletal muscle of young men under fed conditions.

Effect of tumor burden and subsequent surgical resection on skeletal muscle mass and protein turnover in colorectal cancer patients (2012)
Journal Article
Williams, J. P., Phillips, B. E., Smith, K., Atherton, P. J., Rankin, D., Selby, A. L., Liptrot, S., Lund, J., Larvin, M., & Rennie, M. J. (2012). Effect of tumor burden and subsequent surgical resection on skeletal muscle mass and protein turnover in colorectal cancer patients. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 96(5), 1064-1070. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.112.045708

Effect of colon cancer and surgical resection on skeletal muscle mitochondrial enzyme activity in colon cancer patients: a pilot study (2012)
Journal Article
Phillips, B. E., Smith, K., Liptrot, S., Atherton, P. J., Varadhan, K., Rennie, M. J., Larvin, M., Lund, J. N., & Williams, J. P. (2013). Effect of colon cancer and surgical resection on skeletal muscle mitochondrial enzyme activity in colon cancer patients: a pilot study. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 4(1), 71-77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13539-012-0073-7