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Airgap Length Analysis of a 350kW PM-Assisted Syn-Rel Machine for Heavy Duty EV Traction (2022)
Journal Article
Zou, T., Gerada, D., La Rocca, S., La Rocca, A., Walker, A., Vakil, G., …Gerada, C. (2023). Airgap Length Analysis of a 350kW PM-Assisted Syn-Rel Machine for Heavy Duty EV Traction. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 59(2), 1557-1570. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2022.3225255

Synchronous reluctance (Syn-Rel) machines with embedded permanent magnets (PMs) are research hotspots in variable speed motor drives due to their robust rotor structure and wide constant power speed range (CPSR). In this paper, the potential of PM-as... Read More about Airgap Length Analysis of a 350kW PM-Assisted Syn-Rel Machine for Heavy Duty EV Traction.

Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines: High Speed Design and Limits (2022)
Journal Article
Gallicchio, G., Nardo, M. D., Palmieri, M., Ilkhani, M. R., Degano, M., Gerada, C., & Cupertino, F. (2023). Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines: High Speed Design and Limits. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 38(2), 1311-1324. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2022.3225224

Surface permanent magnet synchronous machines are one of the most widely adopted machine topologies in high-speed applications where efficiency and power factor cannot be compromised. Although the design of such machine type has been extensively inve... Read More about Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines: High Speed Design and Limits.

2-DOF Decoupled Discrete Current Control for AC Drives at Low Sampling-to-Fundamental Frequency Ratios (2022)
Journal Article
Wang, M., Buticchi, G., Li, J., Gu, C., Gerada, D., Degano, M., …Gerada, C. (2023). 2-DOF Decoupled Discrete Current Control for AC Drives at Low Sampling-to-Fundamental Frequency Ratios. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 9(2), 2048-2058. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2022.3210909

In high performance drive systems, wide bandwidth and reference tracking accuracy of current control loop are fundamental requirements. The conventional PI controller provides robustness against the machine parameter mismatching and zero steady-state... Read More about 2-DOF Decoupled Discrete Current Control for AC Drives at Low Sampling-to-Fundamental Frequency Ratios.

Comparative Stability Analysis of Synchronous Reference Frame Current Controllers Operated at High Fundamental Frequency (2022)
Journal Article
Diab, A. M., Guo, F., Yeoh, S. S., Bozhko, S., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2022). Comparative Stability Analysis of Synchronous Reference Frame Current Controllers Operated at High Fundamental Frequency. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2022.3208825

Synchronous reference frame (SRF) proportional-integral (PI) current controller (CC) is the most well-established solution for current regulation in AC machine drives and grid-connected voltage source converters. The design of high dynamic performanc... Read More about Comparative Stability Analysis of Synchronous Reference Frame Current Controllers Operated at High Fundamental Frequency.

Analysis and Mitigation of AC Losses in High Performance Propulsion Motors (2022)
Journal Article
Hebala, A., Nuzzo, S., Connor, P. H., Volpe, G., Gerada, C., & Galea, M. (2022). Analysis and Mitigation of AC Losses in High Performance Propulsion Motors. Machines, 10(9), Article 780. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10090780

In this paper, the AC copper losses in classical random windings are investigated and mitigated using several techniques across a range of permanent magnet synchronous motor designs. At high operating frequencies, AC copper losses can represent a sub... Read More about Analysis and Mitigation of AC Losses in High Performance Propulsion Motors.

Modifications to PM-assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine to Achieve Rare-Earth Free Heavy-duty Traction (2022)
Journal Article
Al-ani, M., Walker, A., Vakil, G., Gerada, D., Gerada, C., & Paciura, K. (2023). Modifications to PM-assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine to Achieve Rare-Earth Free Heavy-duty Traction. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 11(2), 2029 -2038. https://doi.org/10.1109/jestpe.2022.3203184

Automotive applications require electrical machines designed for high torque density, wide speed range, and low cost. NdFeB magnets can achieve a high torque density and wide speed range, and however, they have a high cost. Therefore, this article ex... Read More about Modifications to PM-assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine to Achieve Rare-Earth Free Heavy-duty Traction.

Comparison of AC Losses in the Winding of Electrical Machines with Fixed Strands Positions, Fixed Conductor Shapes and Random Winding (2022)
Journal Article
Bardalai, A., Gerada, D., Zou, T., Degano, M., Zhang, C., & Gerada, C. (2022). Comparison of AC Losses in the Winding of Electrical Machines with Fixed Strands Positions, Fixed Conductor Shapes and Random Winding. Energies, 15(15), Article 5701. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15155701

In high performance electric machines, the increase of fundamental frequency leads to additional losses in the winding due to parasitic effects such as the associated skin and proximity effects. In the first part, this paper presents an investigation... Read More about Comparison of AC Losses in the Winding of Electrical Machines with Fixed Strands Positions, Fixed Conductor Shapes and Random Winding.

High Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine - Part II: Performance Boundaries (2022)
Journal Article
Di Nardo, M., Gallicchio, G., Palmieri, M., Marfoli, A., Degano, M., Gerada, C., & Cupertino, F. (2022). High Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine - Part II: Performance Boundaries. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 37(4), 2567-2577. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2022.3176383

The insertion of permanent magnets (PMs) within the rotor slots of Synchronous Reluctance Machines (SyRM) is the most common design strategy used to increase significantly their performance. In this paper it is shown how a permanent magnet assisted s... Read More about High Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine - Part II: Performance Boundaries.

High Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machines - Part I: A General Design Approach (2022)
Journal Article
Gallicchio, G., Di Nardo, M., Palmieri, M., Marfoli, A., Degano, M., Gerada, C., & Cupertino, F. (2022). High Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machines - Part I: A General Design Approach. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 1-1. https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2022.3176382

The design of synchronous reluctance machines with and without permanent magnets assistance constitutes a challenging engineering task due to the numerous design variables and performance indexes to be considered. The design complexity increases even... Read More about High Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machines - Part I: A General Design Approach.

Mild hybridisation of turboprop engine with high-power-density integrated electric drives (2022)
Journal Article
Cossart, G., Chen, Y., Yang, T., Khowja, M., La Rocca, A., Nasir, U., …Wheeler, P. (2022). Mild hybridisation of turboprop engine with high-power-density integrated electric drives. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 8(4), 4148-4162. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2022.3160153

This paper shares with the aerospace community a case study of turboprop mild hybridisation using a recently developed integrated drive system in the University of Nottingham, UK, within the ACHIEVE project under EU H2020 CleanSky 2 program (project... Read More about Mild hybridisation of turboprop engine with high-power-density integrated electric drives.

Practical Implementation and Associated Challenges of Integrated Torque Limiter (2022)
Journal Article
Ilkhani, M. R., Syed, S. A., Connor, P. H., Vakil, G., Gerada, C., Rashed, M., & Benarous, M. (2022). Practical Implementation and Associated Challenges of Integrated Torque Limiter. SAE Technical Papers, Article 2022-01-0038. https://doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-0038

Evolving of aircraft design towards further electrification requires safe and fault-free operation of all the components. More electric aircraft are increasingly utilizing electro-mechanical actuators (EMA). EMAs are prone to jamming and subsequent f... Read More about Practical Implementation and Associated Challenges of Integrated Torque Limiter.

Impact of Stator Segmentation on the Performance of Aerospace Propulsion Machines (2022)
Journal Article
Ramanathan Mathavan Jeyabalan, R. K., Vakil, G., Gerada, D., Gerada, C., & Minshull, J. (2022). Impact of Stator Segmentation on the Performance of Aerospace Propulsion Machines. SAE Technical Papers, 4(4), 1048-1056. https://doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-0039

Electric machines offering a high power density are required for aerospace applications. Soft magnetic material with a high saturation flux density is one of the key component which is required to realize these power density targets. The need for a h... Read More about Impact of Stator Segmentation on the Performance of Aerospace Propulsion Machines.

Design Optimization of Modular Permanent Magnet Machine with Triple Three-Phase for Aircraft Starter Generator (2022)
Journal Article
Wang, B., Rocca, A., Vakil, G., Yang, T., & Gerada, C. (2022). Design Optimization of Modular Permanent Magnet Machine with Triple Three-Phase for Aircraft Starter Generator. SAE Technical Papers, https://doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-0055

Permanent magnet (PM) electrical machine has far-reaching impacts in aviation electrification due to the continuous development in high power density and high efficiency electrical drives. The primary barrier to acceptance of permanent magnet machine... Read More about Design Optimization of Modular Permanent Magnet Machine with Triple Three-Phase for Aircraft Starter Generator.

Profiling the Eddy Current Losses Variations of High-Speed Permanent Magnet Machines in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (2022)
Journal Article
Huang, Z., Tang, M., Golovanov, D., Yang, T., Herring, S., Zanchetta, P., & Gerada, C. (2022). Profiling the Eddy Current Losses Variations of High-Speed Permanent Magnet Machines in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2022.3152845

High-speed permanent magnet (PM) machines have been recognized as a popular choice for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). Although high-speed operation can enhance the machine power density, more rotor eddy current losses can be expected. Thos... Read More about Profiling the Eddy Current Losses Variations of High-Speed Permanent Magnet Machines in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles.

Synchronous Reluctance Machines: A Comprehensive Review and Technology Comparison (2022)
Journal Article
Murataliyev, M., Degano, M., Nardo, M. D., Bianchi, N., & Gerada, C. (2022). Synchronous Reluctance Machines: A Comprehensive Review and Technology Comparison. Proceedings of the IEEE, 110(3), 382-399. https://doi.org/10.1109/jproc.2022.3145662

In the last decade, the trend toward higher efficiency and higher torque density electrical machines (EMs) without permanent magnets (PMs) for the industrial sector has rapidly increased. This work discusses the latest research and industrial advance... Read More about Synchronous Reluctance Machines: A Comprehensive Review and Technology Comparison.

A Comprehensive Design Guideline of Hairpin Windings for High Power Density Electric Vehicle Traction Motors (2022)
Journal Article
Zou, T., Gerada, D., La Rocca, A., Moslemin, M., Cairns, A., Cui, M., …Gerada, C. (2022). A Comprehensive Design Guideline of Hairpin Windings for High Power Density Electric Vehicle Traction Motors. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 8(3), 3578-3593. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2022.3149786

The rapidly increasing demand on power density levels of electric vehicle (EV) drive systems is pushing the boundaries of traction motor performance. Hairpin windings are becoming a popular option for EV motors due to their reduced DC losses and impr... Read More about A Comprehensive Design Guideline of Hairpin Windings for High Power Density Electric Vehicle Traction Motors.

Torque Limiters for Aerospace Actuator Application (2022)
Journal Article
Shahjahan Ahmad, S., Tom, L., La Rocca, A., La Rocca, S., Vakil, G., Gerada, C., & Benarous, M. (2022). Torque Limiters for Aerospace Actuator Application. Energies, 15(4), Article 1467. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15041467

Safety and reliability of electrical actuators are essential for success of all electric and more electric aircrafts (MEA). Torque limiters improve the reliability of electromechanical actuators (EMA) by restricting the amount of force experienced by... Read More about Torque Limiters for Aerospace Actuator Application.

Rotor Slot Design of Squirrel Cage Induction Motors with Improved Rated Efficiency and Starting Capability (2022)
Journal Article
Di Nardo, M., Marfoli, A., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2022). Rotor Slot Design of Squirrel Cage Induction Motors with Improved Rated Efficiency and Starting Capability. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 58(3), 3383-3393. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2022.3147156

Among the electro-mechanical devices transforming energy from electrical to mechanical, the squirrel cage induction motor can be surely considered a workhorse of the industry due to its robustness, low cost and good performance when directly fed by t... Read More about Rotor Slot Design of Squirrel Cage Induction Motors with Improved Rated Efficiency and Starting Capability.

Performance Entitlement by Using Novel High Strength Electrical Steels and Copper Alloys for High-Speed Laminated Rotor Induction Machines (2022)
Journal Article
Zhang, F., Gerada, D., Xu, Z., He, Y., Zhang, H., Hua, W., & Gerada, C. (2022). Performance Entitlement by Using Novel High Strength Electrical Steels and Copper Alloys for High-Speed Laminated Rotor Induction Machines. Electronics, 11(2), 210. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11020210

The laminated rotor Induction Machine (IM), with its simple construction and manufacturing, robustness, ease of control and comparatively lower cost remains by far the most utilized electromechanical energy converter. At very high speeds, traditional... Read More about Performance Entitlement by Using Novel High Strength Electrical Steels and Copper Alloys for High-Speed Laminated Rotor Induction Machines.