Immunocompromised children and young people are at no increased risk of severe COVID-19

Chappell, H.; Patel, R.; Driessens, C.; Tarr, A. W.; Irving, W. L.; Tighe, P. J.; Jackson, H. J.; Harvey-Cowlishaw, T.; Mills, L.; Shaunak, M.; Gbesemete, D.; Leahy, A.; Lucas, J. S.; Faust, S. N.; de Graaf, H.

Abstract

Objectives: We aimed to prospectively describe the incidence and clinical spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 infection in immunocompromised paediatric patients in the UK. Methods: From March 2020 to 2021 weekly questionnaires were sent to immunocompromised paediatric patients or their parents. Information, including symptom presentation and SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results, was collected from 1527 participants from 46 hospitals. Cross-sectional serology was investigated in February and March 2021. Results: Until the end of September 2020, no cases were reported. From September 28th 2020 to March 2021 a total of 38 PCR-detected SARS-CoV-2 infections were reported. Of these, four children were admitted to hospital but none had acute severe COVID-19. Increasing age in association with immunodeficiency increased reporting of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Worsening of fever, cough, and sore throat were associated with participants reporting SARS-CoV-2 infection. Serology data included 452 unvaccinated participants. In those reporting prior positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR, there were detectable antibodies in 9 of 18 (50%). In those with no prior report of infection, antibodies were detected in 32 of 434 (7•4%). Conclusions: This study shows SARS-CoV-2 infections have occurred in immunocompromised children and young people with no increased risk of severe disease. No children died.

Citation

Chappell, H., Patel, R., Driessens, C., Tarr, A. W., Irving, W. L., Tighe, P. J., Jackson, H. J., Harvey-Cowlishaw, T., Mills, L., Shaunak, M., Gbesemete, D., Leahy, A., Lucas, J. S., Faust, S. N., & de Graaf, H. (2022). Immunocompromised children and young people are at no increased risk of severe COVID-19. Journal of Infection, 84(1), 31-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.11.005

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Nov 9, 2021
• Online Publication Date: Nov 14, 2021
• Publication Date: Jan 1, 2022
• Deposit Date: Nov 18, 2021
• Publicly Available Date: Nov 15, 2022
• Journal: Journal of Infection
• Print ISSN: 0163-4453
• Electronic ISSN: 1532-2742
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 84
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 31-39
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.11.005
• Keywords: Infectious Diseases; Microbiology (medical)
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/6729214
• Publisher URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016344532100548X