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Continuous Hairpin Winding Technology for Electric Machines Enabling Net Zero Transportation: A Comprehensive Review (2025)
Journal Article
Huang, H., Zou, T., Di Nardo, M., Vannini, A., Thanh Huynh, A., Degano, M., Gerada, D., Yang, T., & Gerada, C. (2025). Continuous Hairpin Winding Technology for Electric Machines Enabling Net Zero Transportation: A Comprehensive Review. IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology, 6, 1481-1500. https://doi.org/10.1109/OJVT.2025.3575187

Featured by low power losses and strong heat dissipation capability, hairpin winding has been widely accepted as a key enabler of boosting performance for traction/propulsion electrical machines in automotive and aerospace sectors. Continuous hairpin... Read More about Continuous Hairpin Winding Technology for Electric Machines Enabling Net Zero Transportation: A Comprehensive Review.

Holistic Design Optimisation of 350 kW High-Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine for Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicle (2025)
Journal Article
Jiang, J., Zou, T., Di Nardo, M., Gallicchio, G., La Rocca, S., La Rocca, A., Gerada, D., Huang, H., Ren, X., Prystupa, D., Vakil, G., Degano, M., Gerada, C., & Paciura, K. (2025). Holistic Design Optimisation of 350 kW High-Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine for Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicle. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2025.3557364

The widely adopted “high-speed machine + high-ratio gear” solutions for passenger electric vehicle (EV) drivetrains are yet to be explored for demanding heavy-duty applications. This paper will investigate 350kW level high speed traction motor develo... Read More about Holistic Design Optimisation of 350 kW High-Speed Permanent Magnet Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Machine for Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicle.

High Speed Synchronous Machines: Technologies and Limits (2025)
Journal Article
Di Nardo, M., Gallicchio, G., Cupertino, F., Palmieri, M., Ilkhani, M. R., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2025). High Speed Synchronous Machines: Technologies and Limits. IEEE Open Journal of Industry Applications, 6, 93-106. https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIA.2025.3531227

This paper presents a comprehensive comparison of high-speed synchronous machines, encompassing synchronous reluctance, its permanent magnet variant and surface permanent magnet synchronous motors. The evaluation of their maximum performance capabili... Read More about High Speed Synchronous Machines: Technologies and Limits.

Effects of the Floating Capacitor Voltage on the Torque-Speed Characteristic of an Open-End Winding Synchronous Reluctance Motor Drive (2025)
Journal Article
Riccio, J., Gemma, F., Rovere, L., Tresca, G., Nardo, M. D., Odhano, S., Degano, M., & Zanchetta, P. (2025). Effects of the Floating Capacitor Voltage on the Torque-Speed Characteristic of an Open-End Winding Synchronous Reluctance Motor Drive. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 61(2), 3269-3278. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2025.3528879

This manuscript investigates the torque-speed characteristics of a synchronous reluctance motor drive with an open-end winding (OEW) configuration. The machine is powered by standard two-level voltage source inverters (VSI), one supplied by a DC powe... Read More about Effects of the Floating Capacitor Voltage on the Torque-Speed Characteristic of an Open-End Winding Synchronous Reluctance Motor Drive.

Analysis of longitudinal-vertical coupling vibration of four hub motors driven electric vehicle under unsteady condition (2024)
Journal Article
Li, Q., Ma, C., Zhang, N., Guo, Y., Degano, M., Gerada, C., Zhou, S., & An, Y. (2024). Analysis of longitudinal-vertical coupling vibration of four hub motors driven electric vehicle under unsteady condition. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1177/09544070241230700

The influence of hub motor unbalanced magnetic force (UMF) on the vibration of electric vehicle under steady state conditions has been known, but under unsteady conditions, the hub motor UMF will change with the vehicle operation condition, and there... Read More about Analysis of longitudinal-vertical coupling vibration of four hub motors driven electric vehicle under unsteady condition.

Modeling Air Pressure Impact on PDIV for Rectangular Wire Turn-to-Turn Insulation of Inverter-Fed Motors under Different Voltage Waveform Excitations (2024)
Journal Article
Naderiallaf, H., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2024). Modeling Air Pressure Impact on PDIV for Rectangular Wire Turn-to-Turn Insulation of Inverter-Fed Motors under Different Voltage Waveform Excitations. IEEE Access, 12, 176232-176246. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3506053

This study investigates the partial discharge inception voltage (PDIV) in turn-to-turn insulation of form-wound windings in inverter-fed motors under nine different air pressures, ranging from 1013 mbar to 10 mbar. The research evaluates three voltag... Read More about Modeling Air Pressure Impact on PDIV for Rectangular Wire Turn-to-Turn Insulation of Inverter-Fed Motors under Different Voltage Waveform Excitations.

Optimal Design of Bearingless Multi-Three Phases Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (2023)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Di Nardo, M., Ilkhani, M. R., Wang, M., Degano, M., Gerada, C., Gallicchio, G., Cupertino, F., Gartner, M., Brecher, C., & Hoppert, M. (2023, May). Optimal Design of Bearingless Multi-Three Phases Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines. Presented at 2023 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC), San Francisco, CA, USA

This paper addresses the design of a multi-three phases sectorial permanent magnet synchronous machine for bearingless applications. After a brief description of the mathematical model of this machine topology along with some preliminary design consi... Read More about Optimal Design of Bearingless Multi-Three Phases Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines.

A Method to Determine the Torque Ripple Harmonic Reduction in Skewed Synchronous Reluctance Machines (2023)
Journal Article
Gallardo, C., Madariaga, C., Tapia, J. A., & Degano, M. (2023). A Method to Determine the Torque Ripple Harmonic Reduction in Skewed Synchronous Reluctance Machines. Applied Sciences, 13(5), 2949. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13052949

In this paper, a discrete skew methodology is presented to understand the effect of skewing angle on electromagnetic torque in SynRM design. A new approach is proposed to estimate the amplitude of each torque ripple component as a function of skewing... Read More about A Method to Determine the Torque Ripple Harmonic Reduction in Skewed Synchronous Reluctance Machines.

Asymmetrical Flux Density Distribution in Stator Teeth of Surface Permanent Magnet Machines (2019)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Sala, G., De Gaetano, D., Degano, M., & Gerada, C. (2019, April). Asymmetrical Flux Density Distribution in Stator Teeth of Surface Permanent Magnet Machines. Presented at IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD 2019), Athens, Greece

This work is showing in detail the flux density behaviour in the stator teeth of a synchronous machine. A 3-phase Surface Permanent Magnet (SPM) motor is considered. These motors are widely employed in applications where high efficiency and power den... Read More about Asymmetrical Flux Density Distribution in Stator Teeth of Surface Permanent Magnet Machines.

Synchronous Reluctance Motor Iron Losses: Analytical Model and Optimization (2018)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Mahmoud, H., Degano, M., Bacco, G., Bianchi, N., & Gerada, C. (2018, September). Synchronous Reluctance Motor Iron Losses: Analytical Model and Optimization. Presented at 2018 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), Portland, Oregon, USA

The complex rotor structure of synchronous reluctance machines causes a high harmonic content in the air-gap flux density and then flux density fluctuations in different iron parts. The importance of determining accurately the total iron losses in th... Read More about Synchronous Reluctance Motor Iron Losses: Analytical Model and Optimization.