Professor JOE KAI's Outputs (89)

Introducing genetic testing with case finding for familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care: qualitative study of patient and health professional experience (2022)
Journal Article
Silva, L., Condon, L., Qureshi, N., Dutton, B., Weng, S., & Kai, J. (2022). Introducing genetic testing with case finding for familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care: qualitative study of patient and health professional experience. British Journal of General Practice, 72(720), e519-e527. https://doi.org/10.3399/BJGP.2021.0558

Background: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a common inherited condition causing elevated cholesterol, premature heart disease and early death. Although FH can be effectively treated, over 80% of people with FH remain undetected.

Aim: To e... Read More about Introducing genetic testing with case finding for familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care: qualitative study of patient and health professional experience.

Development of models of care coordination for rare conditions: A qualitative study (2022)
Journal Article
Walton, H., Simpson, A., Ramsay, A. I., Hunter, A., Jones, J., Ng, P. L., Leeson-Beevers, K., Bloom, L., Kai, J., Kokocinska, M., Sutcliffe, A. G., Morris, S., & Fulop, N. J. (2022). Development of models of care coordination for rare conditions: A qualitative study. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 17, Article 49. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.11.16.21266395

Introduction: Improving care coordination for people with rare conditions may help to reduce burden on patients and carers and improve the care that patients receive. We recently developed a taxonomy of different ways of coordinating care for rare co... Read More about Development of models of care coordination for rare conditions: A qualitative study.

Ethnic disparities in mortality among overweight or obese adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a population-based cohort study (2022)
Journal Article
Iyen, B., Vinogradova, Y., Akyea, R. K., Weng, S., Qureshi, N., & Kai, J. (2022). Ethnic disparities in mortality among overweight or obese adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a population-based cohort study. Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, 45(5), 1011-1020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-021-01736-9

Purpose: Ethnic variation in risk of type 2 diabetes is well established, but its impact on mortality is less well understood. This study investigated the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality associated with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes... Read More about Ethnic disparities in mortality among overweight or obese adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a population-based cohort study.

Lactic acid gel versus metronidazole for recurrent bacterial vaginosis in women aged 16 years and over: the VITA RCT (2022)
Journal Article
Armstrong-Buisseret, L., Brittain, C., Kai, J., David, M., Anstey Watkins, J., Ozolins, M., Jackson, L., Abdali, Z., Hepburn, T., Griffiths, F., Montgomery, A., Daniels, J., Manley, A., Dean, G., & Ross, J. D. (2022). Lactic acid gel versus metronidazole for recurrent bacterial vaginosis in women aged 16 years and over: the VITA RCT. Health Technology Assessment, 26(2), 1-170. https://doi.org/10.3310/ZZKH4176

BACKGROUND: Bacterial vaginosis is a common and distressing condition associated with serious comorbidities. Antibiotic treatment is usually clinically effective in the short term, but recurrence is common and side effects can occur. OBJECTIVES: The... Read More about Lactic acid gel versus metronidazole for recurrent bacterial vaginosis in women aged 16 years and over: the VITA RCT.

Understanding the barriers and enablers of pharmacogenomic testing in primary care: a qualitative systematic review with meta-aggregation synthesis (2021)
Journal Article
Qureshi, S., Latif, A., Condon, L., Akyea, R. K., Kai, J., & Qureshi, N. (2022). Understanding the barriers and enablers of pharmacogenomic testing in primary care: a qualitative systematic review with meta-aggregation synthesis. Pharmacogenomics, 23(2), 135-154. https://doi.org/10.2217/pgs-2021-0131

Introduction: Pharmacogenomic testing can indicate which drugs may have limited therapeutic action or lead to adverse effects, hence guiding rational and safe prescribing. However, in the UK and other countries, there are still significant barriers t... Read More about Understanding the barriers and enablers of pharmacogenomic testing in primary care: a qualitative systematic review with meta-aggregation synthesis.

Determining propensity for sub-optimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol response to statins and future risk of cardiovascular disease (2021)
Journal Article
Weng, S. F., Akyea, R. K., Man, K. K., Lau, W. C. Y., Iyen, B., Blais, J. E., Chan, E. W., Siu, C. W., Qureshi, N., Wong, I. C. K., & Kai, J. (2021). Determining propensity for sub-optimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol response to statins and future risk of cardiovascular disease. PLoS ONE, 16(12), Article e0260839. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260839

Background: Variability in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) response to statins is underappreciated. We characterised patients by their statin response (SR), baseline risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and 10-year CVD outcomes.

Method... Read More about Determining propensity for sub-optimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol response to statins and future risk of cardiovascular disease.

Multicentre randomised controlled trial of a group psychological intervention for postnatal depression in British mothers of South Asian origin (ROSHNI-2): Study protocol (2021)
Journal Article
Husain, N., Lovell, K., Chew-Graham, C. A., Lunat, F., McPhillips, R., Atif, N., Aseem, S., Begum, J., Bee, P., Bhui, K., Bower, P., Brugha, T., Bhatti, N., Chaudhry, N., Davies, L., Gire, N., Islam, A., Kai, J., Morrison, J., Mohmed, N., …Morriss, R. (2022). Multicentre randomised controlled trial of a group psychological intervention for postnatal depression in British mothers of South Asian origin (ROSHNI-2): Study protocol. BJPsych Open, 8(1), Article E2. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.1032

Background In the UK, postnatal depression is more common in British South Asian women than White Caucasion women. Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is recommended as a first-line treatment, but there is little evidence for the adaptation of CBT fo... Read More about Multicentre randomised controlled trial of a group psychological intervention for postnatal depression in British mothers of South Asian origin (ROSHNI-2): Study protocol.

Statin treatment and LDL-cholesterol treatment goal attainment among individuals with familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care (2021)
Journal Article
Iyen, B., Akyea, R. K., Weng, S., Kai, J., & Qureshi, N. (2021). Statin treatment and LDL-cholesterol treatment goal attainment among individuals with familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care. Open Heart, 8(2), Article e001817. https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2021-001817

Objectives: Guidance recommends statin treatment in Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH) achieve at least a 50% reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). We assessed statin prescribing rates and LDL-cholesterol treatment goal attainmen... Read More about Statin treatment and LDL-cholesterol treatment goal attainment among individuals with familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care.

Preconception risk assessment for thalassaemia, sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis and Tay-Sachs disease (2021)
Journal Article
Hussein, N., Henneman, L., Kai, J., & Qureshi, N. (2021). Preconception risk assessment for thalassaemia, sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis and Tay-Sachs disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2021(10), Article CCD010849. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd010849.pub4

Background: Globally, about 6% of children are born with a serious birth defect of genetic or partially genetic origin. Carrier screening or testing is one way to identify couples at increased risk of having a child with an autosomal recessive condit... Read More about Preconception risk assessment for thalassaemia, sickle cell disease, cystic fibrosis and Tay-Sachs disease.

Comparing the performance of the novel FAMCAT algorithms and established case-finding criteria for familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care (2021)
Journal Article
Qureshi, N., Akyea, R. K., Dutton, B., Leonardi-Bee, J., Humphries, S. E., Weng, S., & Kai, J. (2021). Comparing the performance of the novel FAMCAT algorithms and established case-finding criteria for familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care. Open Heart, 8(2), Article e001752. https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2021-001752

Objective Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a common inherited disorder causing premature coronary heart disease (CHD) and death. We have developed the novel Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Case Ascertainment Tool (FAMCAT 1) case-finding algorith... Read More about Comparing the performance of the novel FAMCAT algorithms and established case-finding criteria for familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care.

Strategies for screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care and other community settings (2021)
Journal Article
Qureshi, N., Da Silva, M. L. R., Abdul-Hamid, H., Weng, S. F., Kai, J., & Leonardi-Bee, J. (2021). Strategies for screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care and other community settings. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2021(10), Article CD012985. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd012985.pub2

Background: Familial hypercholesterolaemia is a common inherited condition that is associated with premature cardiovascular disease. The increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, resulting from high levels of cholesterol since birth, can be p... Read More about Strategies for screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care and other community settings.

Case-finding and genetic testing for familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care (2021)
Journal Article
Qureshi, N., Akyea, R. K., Dutton, B., Leonardi-Bee, J., Humphries, S. E., Weng, S., & Kai, J. (2021). Case-finding and genetic testing for familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care. Heart, 107(24), 1956-1961. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2021-319742

Objective: Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a common inherited disorder causing premature heart disease and death. We have developed novel case-finding algorithms (FAMCAT version 1 & 2) for application in primary care, to improve detection of... Read More about Case-finding and genetic testing for familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care.

Sex disparity in subsequent outcomes in survivors of coronary heart disease (2021)
Journal Article
Akyea, R. K., Kontopantelis, E., Kai, J., Weng, S. F., Patel, R. S., Asselbergs, F. W., & Qureshi, N. (2022). Sex disparity in subsequent outcomes in survivors of coronary heart disease. Heart, 108(1), 37-45. https://doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2021-319566

Objective: Evidence on sex differences in outcomes after developing coronary heart disease (CHD) has focused on recurrent CHD, all-cause mortality or revascularisation. We assessed sex disparities in subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events (M... Read More about Sex disparity in subsequent outcomes in survivors of coronary heart disease.

Systematic Identification of Familial Hypercholesterolaemia in Primary Care—A Systematic Review (2021)
Journal Article
Silva, L., Qureshi, N., Abdul-Hamid, H., Weng, S., Kai, J., & Leonardi-Bee, J. (2021). Systematic Identification of Familial Hypercholesterolaemia in Primary Care—A Systematic Review. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 11(4), Article 302. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11040302

Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a common inherited cause of premature cardiovascular disease, but the majority of patients remain undiagnosed. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of interventions to systematically... Read More about Systematic Identification of Familial Hypercholesterolaemia in Primary Care—A Systematic Review.

Long-term body mass index changes in overweight and obese adults and the risk of heart failure, cardiovascular disease and mortality: a cohort study of over 260,000 adults in the UK (2021)
Journal Article
Iyen, B., Weng, S., Vinogradova, Y., Akyea, R. K., Qureshi, N., & Kai, J. (2021). Long-term body mass index changes in overweight and obese adults and the risk of heart failure, cardiovascular disease and mortality: a cohort study of over 260,000 adults in the UK. BMC Public Health, 21, Article 576. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10606-1

Background: Although obesity is a well-recognised risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the impact of long-term body mass index (BMI) changes in overweight or obese adults, on the risk of heart failure, CVD and mortality has not been quantifi... Read More about Long-term body mass index changes in overweight and obese adults and the risk of heart failure, cardiovascular disease and mortality: a cohort study of over 260,000 adults in the UK.

Sex, Age, and Socioeconomic Differences in Nonfatal Stroke Incidence and Subsequent Major Adverse Outcomes (2021)
Journal Article
Akyea, R. K., Vinogradova, Y., Qureshi, N., Patel, R. S., Kontopantelis, E., Ntaios, G., Asselbergs, F. W., Kai, J., & Weng, S. F. (2021). Sex, Age, and Socioeconomic Differences in Nonfatal Stroke Incidence and Subsequent Major Adverse Outcomes. Stroke, 52(2), 396-405. https://doi.org/10.1161/strokeaha.120.031659

Background and Purpose:
Data about variations in stroke incidence and subsequent major adverse outcomes are essential to inform secondary prevention and prioritizing resources to those at the greatest risk of major adverse end points. We aimed to de... Read More about Sex, Age, and Socioeconomic Differences in Nonfatal Stroke Incidence and Subsequent Major Adverse Outcomes.

Test‐guided dietary management of eczema in children: A randomized controlled feasibility trial (TEST) (2021)
Journal Article
Ridd, M. J., Webb, D., Roberts, K., Santer, M., Chalmers, J. R., Gilbertson, A., Marriage, D., Blair, P. S., Turner, N. L., Garfield, K., Coast, J., Selman, L. E., Clement, C., Shaw, A. R., Muller, I., Waddell, L., Angier, E., Taylor, J., Kai, J., & Boyle, R. J. (2021). Test‐guided dietary management of eczema in children: A randomized controlled feasibility trial (TEST). Clinical and Experimental Allergy, 51(3), 452-462. https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.13816

Background
Parents commonly ask about food allergy tests, to find a cause for their child's eczema, yet the value of routine testing is uncertain.

Objective
To determine whether a clinical trial comparing test‐guided dietary advice versus usual... Read More about Test‐guided dietary management of eczema in children: A randomized controlled feasibility trial (TEST).

Evaluating a clinical tool (FAMCAT) for identifying familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care: a retrospective cohort study (2020)
Journal Article
Akyea, R. K., Qureshi, N., Kai, J., de Lusignan, S., Sherlock, J., McGee, C., & Weng, S. (2020). Evaluating a clinical tool (FAMCAT) for identifying familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care: a retrospective cohort study. BJGP Open, 4(5), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgpopen20X101114

Background: Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is an inherited lipid disorder causing premature heart disease, which is severely underdiagnosed. Improving the identification of people with FH in primary care settings would help to reduce avoidable h... Read More about Evaluating a clinical tool (FAMCAT) for identifying familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care: a retrospective cohort study.

Performance and clinical utility of supervised machine-learning approaches in detecting familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care (2020)
Journal Article
Akyea, R. K., Qureshi, N., Kai, J., & Weng, S. F. (2020). Performance and clinical utility of supervised machine-learning approaches in detecting familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care. npj Digital Medicine, 3(1), Article 142. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-020-00349-5

Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is a common inherited disorder, causing lifelong elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Most individuals with FH remain undiagnosed, precluding opportunities to prevent premature heart disease and de... Read More about Performance and clinical utility of supervised machine-learning approaches in detecting familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care.

Sex differences in cardiovascular morbidity associated with familial hypercholesterolaemia: A retrospective cohort study of the UK Simon Broome register linked to national hospital records (2020)
Journal Article
Iyen, B., Qureshi, N., Weng, S., Roderick, P., Kai, J., Capps, N., Durrington, P. N., McDowell, I. F., Soran, H., Neil, A., & Humphries, S. E. (2020). Sex differences in cardiovascular morbidity associated with familial hypercholesterolaemia: A retrospective cohort study of the UK Simon Broome register linked to national hospital records. Atherosclerosis, 315, 131-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.895

Background and aims: The UK Simon Broome (SB) familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) register previously reported 3-fold higher standardised mortality ratio for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women compared to men from 2009 to 2015. Here we examined se... Read More about Sex differences in cardiovascular morbidity associated with familial hypercholesterolaemia: A retrospective cohort study of the UK Simon Broome register linked to national hospital records.