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Professor TIM PARR's Outputs (47)

Effect of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated overexpression of PEPCK-M (Pck2) on Clenbuterol-induced muscle growth (2019)
Journal Article
Loczenski-Brown, D. M., Jones, S., Luckett, J., Daniel, Z., Brearley, M. C., Ebling, F. J. P., Parr, T., & Brameld, J. M. (2019). Effect of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated overexpression of PEPCK-M (Pck2) on Clenbuterol-induced muscle growth. PLoS ONE, 14(6), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218970

We previously identified PEPCK-M (encoded by the Pck2 gene) to be highly up-regulated in skeletal muscle of pigs treated with Ractopamine, an anabolic beta-adrenergic receptor agonist. To determine whether PEPCK-M had a causative role in modulating t... Read More about Effect of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated overexpression of PEPCK-M (Pck2) on Clenbuterol-induced muscle growth.

The association between faecal host DNA or faecal calprotectin and feed efficiency in pigs fed yeast-enriched protein concentrate (2019)
Journal Article
Slinger, K. R., Stewart, A. H., Daniel, Z. C. T. R., Hall, H., Masey O’Neill, H. V., Bedford, M. R., Parr, T., & Brameld, J. M. (2019). The association between faecal host DNA or faecal calprotectin and feed efficiency in pigs fed yeast-enriched protein concentrate. Animal, 13(11), 2483-2491. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1751731119000818

Gut cell losses contribute to overall feed efficiency due to the energy requirement for cell replenishment. Intestinal epithelial cells are sloughed into the intestinal lumen as digesta passes through the gastrointestinal tract, where cells are degra... Read More about The association between faecal host DNA or faecal calprotectin and feed efficiency in pigs fed yeast-enriched protein concentrate.

The commercial pig as a model of spontaneously-occurring osteoarthritis (2019)
Journal Article
Macfadyen, M. A., Daniel, Z., Kelly, S., Parr, T., Brameld, J. M., Murton, A. J., & Jones, S. W. (2019). The commercial pig as a model of spontaneously-occurring osteoarthritis. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 20, Article 70. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-019-2452-0

Background: Preclinical osteoarthritis models where damage occurs spontaneously may better reflect the initiation and development of human osteoarthritis. The aim was to assess the commercial pig as a model of spontaneous osteoarthritis development b... Read More about The commercial pig as a model of spontaneously-occurring osteoarthritis.

The beta-adrenergic agonist, Ractopamine increases skeletal muscle expression of Asparagine Synthetase as part of an integrated stress response gene program (2018)
Journal Article
Brown, D., Ryan, K., Daniel, Z., Mareko, M., Talbot, R., Moreton, J., Giles, T. C., Emes, R., Hodgman, C., Parr, T., & Brameld, J. M. (2018). The beta-adrenergic agonist, Ractopamine increases skeletal muscle expression of Asparagine Synthetase as part of an integrated stress response gene program. Scientific Reports, 8, Article 15915. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34315-9

Synthetic beta-adrenergic agonists (BA) have broad biomedical and agricultural application for increasing lean body mass, yet a poor understanding of the biology underpinning these agents is limiting further drug discovery potential. Growing female p... Read More about The beta-adrenergic agonist, Ractopamine increases skeletal muscle expression of Asparagine Synthetase as part of an integrated stress response gene program.

Effect of sodium 4-phenylbutyrate on clenbuterol-mediated muscle growth (2018)
Journal Article
Brown, D. M., Jones, S., Daniel, Z. C., Brearley, M. C., Lewis, J. E., Ebling, F. J., Parr, T., & Brameld, J. M. (2018). Effect of sodium 4-phenylbutyrate on clenbuterol-mediated muscle growth. PLoS ONE, 13(7), Article e0201481. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201481

Previously, we highlighted induction of an integrated stress response (ISR) gene program in skeletal muscle of pigs treated with a beta-adrenergic agonist. Hence we tested the hypothesis that the ER-stress inhibitor, sodium 4-phenylbutyrate (PBA), wo... Read More about Effect of sodium 4-phenylbutyrate on clenbuterol-mediated muscle growth.

Mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-M) and serine biosynthetic pathway genes are co-ordinately increased during anabolic agent-induced skeletal muscle growth (2016)
Journal Article
Brown, D. M., Williams, H., Ryan, K., Wilson, T., Daniel, Z. C., Mareko, M. H. D., Emes, R. D., Harris, D. W., Wattis, J. A., Dryden, I. L., Hodgman, T. C., Brameld, J. M., & Parr, T. (2016). Mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-M) and serine biosynthetic pathway genes are co-ordinately increased during anabolic agent-induced skeletal muscle growth. Scientific Reports, 6(1), https://doi.org/10.1038/srep28693

We aimed to identify novel molecular mechanisms for muscle growth during administration of anabolic agents. Growing pigs (Duroc/(Landrace/Large-White)) were administered Ractopamine (a beta-adrenergic agonist; BA; 20ppm in feed) or Reporcin (recombin... Read More about Mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-M) and serine biosynthetic pathway genes are co-ordinately increased during anabolic agent-induced skeletal muscle growth.

The impact of growth promoters on muscle growth and the potential consequences for meat quality (2016)
Journal Article
Parr, T., Mareko, M. H., Ryan, K. J., Hemmings, K. M., Brown, D. M., & Brameld, J. M. (2016). The impact of growth promoters on muscle growth and the potential consequences for meat quality. Meat Science, 120, 93-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.04.022

To meet the demands of increased global meat consumption, animal production systems will have to become more efficient, or at least maintain the current efficiency utilizing feed ingredients that are not also used for human consumption. Use of growth... Read More about The impact of growth promoters on muscle growth and the potential consequences for meat quality.

Improving efficiency in meat production (2016)
Journal Article
Brameld, J. M., & Parr, T. (in press). Improving efficiency in meat production. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665116000161

Selective breeding and improved nutritional management over the past 20–30 years has resulted in dramatic improvements in growth efficiency for pigs and poultry, particularly lean tissue growth. However, this has been achieved using high-quality feed... Read More about Improving efficiency in meat production.

Transcriptome analysis of mRNA and miRNA in skeletal muscle indicates an important network for differential Residual Feed Intake in pigs (2015)
Journal Article
Jing, L., Wu, H., Miao, Y., Cao, J., Brameld, J. M., Parr, T., & Zhao, S. (2015). Transcriptome analysis of mRNA and miRNA in skeletal muscle indicates an important network for differential Residual Feed Intake in pigs. Scientific Reports, 5, Article 11953. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep11953

Feed efficiency (FE) can be measured by feed conversion ratio (FCR) or residual feed intake (RFI). In this study, we measured the FE related phenotypes of 236 castrated purebred Yorkshire boars, and selected 10 extreme individuals with high and low R... Read More about Transcriptome analysis of mRNA and miRNA in skeletal muscle indicates an important network for differential Residual Feed Intake in pigs.

Expression of the myosin heavy chain IIB gene in porcine skeletal muscle: the role of the CArG-box promoter response element (2014)
Journal Article
Brown, D. M., Brameld, J. M., & Parr, T. (2014). Expression of the myosin heavy chain IIB gene in porcine skeletal muscle: the role of the CArG-box promoter response element. PLoS ONE, 9(12), Article e114365. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114365

Due to its similarity to humans, the pig is increasingly being considered as a good animal model for studying a range of human diseases. Despite their physiological similarities, differential expression of the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) IIB gene (MYH4... Read More about Expression of the myosin heavy chain IIB gene in porcine skeletal muscle: the role of the CArG-box promoter response element.

Differential effects of short-term β agonist and growth hormone treatments on expression of myosin heavy chain IIB and associated metabolic genes in sheep muscle (2014)
Journal Article
Hemmings, K. M., Daniel, Z. C., Buttery, P. J., Parr, T., & Brameld, J. M. (2015). Differential effects of short-term β agonist and growth hormone treatments on expression of myosin heavy chain IIB and associated metabolic genes in sheep muscle. Animal, 9(2), 285-294. https://doi.org/10.1017/s175173111400233x

Growth hormone (GH) and β agonists increase muscle mass, but the mechanisms for this response are unclear and the magnitude of response is thought to vary with age of animal. To investigate the mechanisms driving the muscle response to these agents,... Read More about Differential effects of short-term β agonist and growth hormone treatments on expression of myosin heavy chain IIB and associated metabolic genes in sheep muscle.

Dose-dependent effects of vitamin D on transdifferentiation of skeletal muscle cells to adipose cells (2013)
Journal Article
Ryan, K. J., Daniel, Z. C., Craggs, L. J., Parr, T., & Brameld, J. M. (2013). Dose-dependent effects of vitamin D on transdifferentiation of skeletal muscle cells to adipose cells. Journal of Endocrinology, 217(1), 45-58. https://doi.org/10.1530/JOE-12-0234

Fat infiltration within muscle is one of a number of features of vitamin D deficiency, which leads to a decline in muscle functionality. The origin of this fat is unclear, but one possibility is that it forms from myogenic precursor cells present in... Read More about Dose-dependent effects of vitamin D on transdifferentiation of skeletal muscle cells to adipose cells.

Myosin heavy chain mRNA isoforms are expressed in two distinct cohorts during C2C12 myogenesis (2011)
Journal Article
Brown, D. M., Parr, T., & Brameld, J. M. (2012). Myosin heavy chain mRNA isoforms are expressed in two distinct cohorts during C2C12 myogenesis. Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility, 32(6), 383-390. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10974-011-9267-4

The regulation of muscle fibre transitions has mainly been studied in vivo using conventional histological or immunohistochemical techniques. In order to investigate the molecular regulation of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform expression in cell cul... Read More about Myosin heavy chain mRNA isoforms are expressed in two distinct cohorts during C2C12 myogenesis.

Use of the Affymetrix human GeneChip array and genomic DNA hybridisation probe selection to study ovine transcriptomes (2011)
Journal Article
Graham, N. S., May, S. T., Daniel, Z. C., Emmerson, Z. F., Brameld, J. M., & Parr, T. (2011). Use of the Affymetrix human GeneChip array and genomic DNA hybridisation probe selection to study ovine transcriptomes. Animal, 5(6), 861-866. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731110002533

Affymetrix GeneChip microarrays are a powerful tool to study global gene expression profiles and have been used on many species. However, no sheep-specific Affymetrix GeneChip is currently available and the bovine array is fairly limited in its cover... Read More about Use of the Affymetrix human GeneChip array and genomic DNA hybridisation probe selection to study ovine transcriptomes.

Calpastatin is associated with lymphovascular invasion in breast cancer (2011)
Journal Article
Storr, S. J., Mohammed, R. A., Woolston, C. M., Green, A. R., Parr, T., Spiteri, I., Caldas, C., Ball, G. R., Ellis, I. O., & Martin, S. G. (2011). Calpastatin is associated with lymphovascular invasion in breast cancer. Breast, 20(5), 413-418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2011.04.002

Metastasis of breast cancer is a major contributor to mortality. Histological assessment of vascular invasion (VI) provides important prognostic information and demonstrates that VI occurs predominantly via lymphatics in breast cancer. We sought to e... Read More about Calpastatin is associated with lymphovascular invasion in breast cancer.

The calpain system and cancer (2011)
Journal Article
Storr, S. J., Carragher, N. O., Frame, M. C., Parr, T., & Martin, S. G. (2011). The calpain system and cancer. Nature Reviews Cancer, 11(5), 364-374. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc3050

The calpains are a conserved family of cysteine proteinases that catalyse the controlled proteolysis of many specific substrates. Calpain activity is implicated in several fundamental physiological processes, including cytoskeletal remodelling, cellu... Read More about The calpain system and cancer.

Regulation of ovine and porcine stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase gene promoters by fatty acids and sterols (2010)
Journal Article
Zulkifli, R. M., Parr, T., Salter, A. M., & Brameld, J. M. (2010). Regulation of ovine and porcine stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase gene promoters by fatty acids and sterols. Journal of Animal Science, 88(8), 2565-2575. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2603

Stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) is responsible for converting SFA into MUFA and plays an important role in regulating the fatty acid composition of tissues. Although the number of SCD isoforms differs among species, SCD-1 is the predominant isoform exp... Read More about Regulation of ovine and porcine stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase gene promoters by fatty acids and sterols.

Examination of myosin heavy chain isoform expression in ovine skeletal muscles (2009)
Journal Article
Hemmings, K. M., Parr, T., Daniel, Z. C., Picard, B., Buttery, P. J., & Brameld, J. M. (2009). Examination of myosin heavy chain isoform expression in ovine skeletal muscles. Journal of Animal Science, 87(12), 3915-3922. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2067

The contractile and associated metabolic characteristics of muscles are determined by their myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform expression. In large mammals, the level of MHCIIB expression, which is associated with fast glycolytic-type muscle fibers, ha... Read More about Examination of myosin heavy chain isoform expression in ovine skeletal muscles.

Myosin heavy chain expression in ovine skeletal muscles (2009)
Presentation / Conference Contribution
Hemmings, K., Parr, T., Daniel, Z., Picard, B., Buttery, P., & Brameld, J. (2024, September). Myosin heavy chain expression in ovine skeletal muscles. Presented at XIth International Symposium on Ruminant Physiology, Clermont Ferrand