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A systematic review and meta-regression analysis of prophylactic gabapentin for postoperative pain

Doleman, Brett; Heinink, T.P.; Faleiro, R.J.; Lund, Jonathan N.; Williams, John P.

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Authors

Brett Doleman

T.P. Heinink

R.J. Faleiro

Jonathan N. Lund

John P. Williams



Abstract

We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, AMED and CENTRAL databases until December 2014 and included 133 randomised controlled trials of peri-operative gabapentin vs placebo. Gabapentin reduced mean (95% CI) 24-h morphine-equivalent consumption by 8.44 (7.26–9.62) mg, p < 0.001, whereas more specific reductions in morphine equivalents were predicted (R2 = 90%, p < 0.001) by the meta-regression equation: 3.73 + (−0.378 × control morphine consumption (mg)) + (−0.0023 × gabapentin dose (mg)) + (−1.917 × anaesthetic type), where ‘anaesthetic type’ is ‘1’ for general anaesthesia and ‘0’ for spinal anaesthesia. The type of surgery was not independently associated with gabapentin effect. Gabapentin reduced postoperative pain scores on a 10-point scale at 1 h, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h by a mean (95% CI) of: 1.68 (1.35–2.01); 1.21 (0.88–1.55); 1.28 (0.98–1.57); 1.12 (0.91–1.33); and 0.71 (0.56–0.87), respectively, p < 0.001 for all. The risk ratios (95% CI) for postoperative nausea, vomiting, pruritus and sedation with gabapentin were: 0.78 (0.69–0.87), 0.67 (0.59–0.76), 0.64 (0.51–0.80) and 1.18 (1.09–1.28), respectively, p < 0.001 for all. Gabapentin reduced pre-operative anxiety and increased patient satisfaction on a 10-point scale by a mean (95% CI) of 1.52 (0.78–2.26) points and 0.89 (0.22–1.57) points, p < 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively. All the effects of gabapentin may have been overestimated by statistically significant small study effects.

Citation

Doleman, B., Heinink, T., Faleiro, R., Lund, J. N., & Williams, J. P. (2015). A systematic review and meta-regression analysis of prophylactic gabapentin for postoperative pain. Anaesthesia, 70(10), https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.13179

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date May 29, 2015
Online Publication Date Aug 24, 2015
Publication Date Sep 15, 2015
Deposit Date Feb 1, 2017
Publicly Available Date Feb 1, 2017
Journal Anaesthesia
Print ISSN 0003-2409
Electronic ISSN 1365-2044
Publisher Wiley
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 70
Issue 10
DOI https://doi.org/10.1111/anae.13179
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/761190
Publisher URL http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/anae.13179/abstract
Additional Information This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Doleman, B., Heinink, T. P., Read, D. J., Faleiro, R. J., Lund, J. N. and Williams, J. P. (2015), A systematic review and meta-regression analysis of prophylactic gabapentin for postoperative pain. Anaesthesia, 70: 1186–1204. doi:10.1111/anae.13179, which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/anae.13179/abstract. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.
Contract Date Feb 1, 2017