Chun Shen
Neural correlates of the dual pathway model for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adolescents
Shen, Chun; Luo, Qiang; Jia, Tianye; Zhao, Qi; Desrivi�res, Sylvane; Quinlan, Erin; Banaschewski, Tobias; Millenet, Sabina; Bokde, Arun; B�chel, Christian; Flor, Herta; Frouin, Vincent; Garavan, Hugh; Gowland, Penny; Heinz, Andreas; Ittermann, Bernd; Martinot, Jean-Luc; Artiges, Eric; Paill�re-Martinot, Marie-Laure; Orfanos, Dimitri; Paus, Tomas; Poustka, Luise; Fr�hner, Juliane H; Smolka, Michael N; Walter, Henrik; Whelan, Robert; Li, Fei; Feng, Jianfeng; Schumann, Gunter; Sahakian, Barbara J
Authors
Qiang Luo
Tianye Jia
Qi Zhao
Sylvane Desrivi�res
Erin Quinlan
Tobias Banaschewski
Sabina Millenet
Arun Bokde
Christian B�chel
Herta Flor
Vincent Frouin
Hugh Garavan
Professor Penny Gowland PENNY.GOWLAND@NOTTINGHAM.AC.UK
PROFESSOR OF PHYSICS
Andreas Heinz
Bernd Ittermann
Jean-Luc Martinot
Eric Artiges
Marie-Laure Paill�re-Martinot
Dimitri Orfanos
Tomas Paus
Luise Poustka
Juliane H Fr�hner
Michael N Smolka
Henrik Walter
Robert Whelan
Fei Li
Jianfeng Feng
Gunter Schumann
Barbara J Sahakian
Abstract
Objective:
The dual-pathway model has been proposed to explain the heterogeneity in symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by two independent psychological pathways based on distinct brain circuits. The authors sought to test whether the hypothesized cognitive and motivational pathways have separable neural correlates.
Methods:
In a longitudinal community-based cohort of 1,963 adolescents, the neuroanatomical correlates of ADHD were identified by a voxel-wise association analysis and then validated using an independent clinical sample (99 never-medicated patients with ADHD, 56 medicated patients with ADHD, and 267 healthy control subjects). The cognitive and motivational pathways were assessed by neuropsychological tests of working memory, intrasubject variability, stop-signal reaction time, and delay discounting. The associations were tested between the identified neuroanatomical correlates and both ADHD symptoms 2 years later and the polygenic risk score for ADHD.
Results:
Gray matter volumes of both a prefrontal cluster and a posterior occipital cluster were negatively associated with inattention. Compared with healthy control subjects, never-medicated patients, but not medicated patients, had significantly lower gray matter volumes in these two clusters. Working memory and intrasubject variability were associated with the posterior occipital cluster, and delay discounting was independently associated with both clusters. The baseline gray matter volume of the posterior occipital cluster predicted the inattention symptoms in a 2-year follow-up and was associated with the genetic risk for ADHD.
Conclusions:
The dual-pathway model has both shared and separable neuroanatomical correlates, and the shared correlate in the occipital cortex has the potential to serve as an imaging trait marker of ADHD, especially the inattention symptom domain.
Citation
Shen, C., Luo, Q., Jia, T., Zhao, Q., Desrivières, S., Quinlan, E., Banaschewski, T., Millenet, S., Bokde, A., Büchel, C., Flor, H., Frouin, V., Garavan, H., Gowland, P., Heinz, A., Ittermann, B., Martinot, J.-L., Artiges, E., Paillère-Martinot, M.-L., Orfanos, D., …Sahakian, B. J. (2020). Neural correlates of the dual pathway model for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adolescents. American Journal of Psychiatry, 177(9), 844-854. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.19020183
Journal Article Type | Article |
---|---|
Acceptance Date | Mar 19, 2020 |
Online Publication Date | May 7, 2020 |
Publication Date | Sep 1, 2020 |
Deposit Date | Mar 23, 2020 |
Publicly Available Date | May 8, 2021 |
Journal | American Journal of Psychiatry |
Print ISSN | 0002-953X |
Electronic ISSN | 1535-7228 |
Publisher | Psychiatry Online |
Peer Reviewed | Peer Reviewed |
Volume | 177 |
Issue | 9 |
Pages | 844-854 |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.19020183 |
Public URL | https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/4191941 |
Publisher URL | https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.19020183 |
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