What is the Relationship Between Plant Trait Diversity and Geodiversity? A Plot‐Based, Pan‐European Analysis

Vernham, Grant; Bailey, Joseph J.; Field, Richard; Schrodt, Franziska

Abstract

Aim
Heterogeneity of the Earth's abiotic surface and subsurface (geodiversity) is increasingly recognised as an important driver of biodiversity. Theoretically, species' traits should match to abiotic conditions in the local environment. Here, we test this for the first time at a continental extent by analysing the relationships between geodiversity and plant trait diversity in forested vegetation plots across Europe, at three plot sizes (100, 400 and 1000 m2).

Location
Europe.

Time Period
1930–present.

Major Taxa Studied
Plants.

Methods
We analysed geodiversity–trait diversity relationships across Europe at 1 km resolution using 2637 forested vegetation plots from the sPlotOpen database. We computed geodiversity (topographic, landform, wetness and soil physical and chemical heterogeneity) variables, combined with climate and land use data to analyse the direct and indirect effects of geodiversity on plant trait diversity, using structural equation modelling.

Results
Topographic heterogeneity, and annual temperature to a lesser degree, showed significant positive weak to moderately strong association with plant trait richness and evenness across all plot sizes. We also detected multiple highly significant but weak effects of geodiversity components on trait diversity dimensions. Some notable exceptions include moderate negative effects of soil silt heterogeneity on trait divergence across 1000 m2 plots and positive and weak negative effects of TWI and soil sand heterogeneity on trait evenness, respectively. Explained variance was low across models, but higher for models from 1000 m2 vegetation plots. Evidence for the indirect effects of geodiversity on trait diversity was extremely weak.

Main Conclusions
Our findings suggest variable-specific effects of geodiversity on trait diversity, with significant effects of multiple geodiversity components but dominated by topographic heterogeneity. Importantly, data precision is limited, and we are thus trying to detect signal amongst high noise. Hence, the significant but weak signals we detect may indicate more important underlying patterns than our effect sizes suggest.

Citation

Vernham, G., Bailey, J., Field, R., & Schrodt, F. (2024). What is the Relationship Between Plant Trait Diversity and Geodiversity? A Plot‐Based, Pan‐European Analysis. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 33(11), Article e13904. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13904

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jul 29, 2024
• Online Publication Date: Aug 21, 2024
• Publication Date: 2024-11
• Deposit Date: Jan 14, 2025
• Publicly Available Date: Jan 15, 2025
• Journal: Global Ecology and Biogeography
• Print ISSN: 1466-822X
• Electronic ISSN: 1466-8238
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 33
• Issue: 11
• Article Number: e13904
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13904
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/38649725
• Publisher URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/geb.13904