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Using Light for Therapy of Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM)

Kasparov; Vasilev; Teschemacher; Sofi; Smith; Rahman, Ruman

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Authors

Kasparov

Vasilev

Teschemacher

Sofi

Smith

Profile image of RUMAN RAHMAN

RUMAN RAHMAN RUMAN.RAHMAN@NOTTINGHAM.AC.UK
Professor of Molecular Neuro-Oncology



Abstract

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant form of primary brain tumour with extremely poor prognosis. The current standard of care for newly diagnosed GBM includes maximal surgical resection followed by radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. The introduction of this protocol has improved overall survival, however recurrence is essentially inevitable. The key reason for that is that the surgical treatment fails to eradicate GBM cells completely, and adjacent parenchyma remains infiltrated by scattered GBM cells which become the source of recurrence. This stimulates interest to any supplementary methods which could help to destroy residual GBM cells and fight the infiltration. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) relies on photo-toxic effects induced by specific molecules (photosensitisers) upon absorption of photons from a light source. Such toxic effects are not specific to a particular molecular fingerprint of GBM, but rather depend on selective accumulation of the photosensitiser inside tumour cells or, perhaps their greater sensitivity to the effects, triggered by light. This gives hope that it might be possible to preferentially damage infiltrating GBM cells within the areas which cannot be surgically removed and further improve the chances of survival if an efficient photosensitiser and hardware for light delivery into the brain tissue are developed. So far, clinical trials with PDT were performed with one specific type of photosensitiser, protoporphyrin IX, which tends to accumulate in the cytoplasm of the GBM cells. In this review we discuss the idea that other types of molecules which build up in mitochondria could be explored as photosensitisers and used for PDT of these aggressive brain tumours.

Citation

Kasparov, Vasilev, Teschemacher, Sofi, Smith, & Rahman, R. (2020). Using Light for Therapy of Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM). Brain Sciences, 10(2), Article 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10020075

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Jan 27, 2020
Online Publication Date Jan 31, 2020
Publication Date 2020-02
Deposit Date Feb 1, 2020
Publicly Available Date Feb 3, 2020
Journal Brain Sciences
Publisher MDPI
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 10
Issue 2
Article Number 75
DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10020075
Keywords glioblastoma multiforme; photodynamic therapy; photosensitiser
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/3845890
Publisher URL https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/2/75

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