Carbon uptake by mature Amazon forests has mitigated Amazon nations’ carbon emissions

Phillips, Oliver L.; Brienen, Roel J.W.; the RAINFOR collaboration

Abstract

© 2017 The Author(s). Background: Several independent lines of evidence suggest that Amazon forests have provided a significant carbon sink service, and also that the Amazon carbon sink in intact, mature forests may now be threatened as a result of different processes. There has however been no work done to quantify non-land-use-change forest carbon fluxes on a national basis within Amazonia, or to place these national fluxes and their possible changes in the context of the major anthropogenic carbon fluxes in the region. Here we present a first attempt to interpret results from ground-based monitoring of mature forest carbon fluxes in a biogeographically, politically, and temporally differentiated way. Specifically, using results from a large long-term network of forest plots, we estimate the Amazon biomass carbon balance over the last three decades for the different regions and nine nations of Amazonia, and evaluate the magnitude and trajectory of these differentiated balances in relation to major national anthropogenic carbon emissions. Results: The sink of carbon into mature forests has been remarkably geographically ubiquitous across Amazonia, being substantial and persistent in each of the five biogeographic regions within Amazonia. Between 1980 and 2010, it has more than mitigated the fossil fuel emissions of every single national economy, except that of Venezuela. For most nations (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname) the sink has probably additionally mitigated all anthropogenic carbon emissions due to Amazon deforestation and other land use change. While the sink has weakened in some regions since 2000, our analysis suggests that Amazon nations which are able to conserve large areas of natural and semi-natural landscape still contribute globally-significant carbon sequestration. Conclusions: Mature forests across all of Amazonia have contributed significantly to mitigating climate change for decades. Yet Amazon nations have not directly benefited from providing this global scale ecosystem service. We suggest that better monitoring and reporting of the carbon fluxes within mature forests, and understanding the drivers of changes in their balance, must become national, as well as international, priorities.

Citation

Phillips, O. L., Brienen, R. J., & the RAINFOR collaboration. (2017). Carbon uptake by mature Amazon forests has mitigated Amazon nations’ carbon emissions. Carbon Balance and Management, 12(1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s13021-016-0069-2

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Dec 9, 2016
• Online Publication Date: Feb 15, 2017
• Publication Date: Feb 15, 2017
• Deposit Date: Aug 30, 2023
• Publicly Available Date: Nov 28, 2023
• Journal: Carbon Balance and Management
• Electronic ISSN: 1750-0680
• Publisher: Springer Verlag
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 12
• Issue: 1
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13021-016-0069-2
• Keywords: General Earth and Planetary Sciences; Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous); Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law; Global and Planetary Change
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/3168414
• Publisher URL: https://cbmjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13021-016-0069-2#
• Additional Information: © The Author(s) 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License; (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,; provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license,; and indicate if changes were made.