National action plans on antimicrobial resistance in Latin America: an analysis via a governance framework

Avello, Paula; Collins, Lisa M; Gómez, Sonia A; Luna, Federico; Fernández Miyakawa, Mariano E; West, Helen M; Iossa, Graziella

Abstract

In 2015, the World Health Assembly adopted a global action plan (GAP) on antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Member states were encouraged to develop their own national action plans (NAPs) in alignment with the GAP. To-date, in systematic assessments of NAPs, the Latin American specific context has not been previously analysed. Here we examined 11 Latin American NAPs published between 2015 and 2021 using content analysis. We focused on two approaches: 1) alignment between the strategic objectives and actions defined in the GAP, and those outlined in the NAPs via a content indicator; and 2) assessment of the NAPs via a governance framework covering ‘policy design’, ‘implementation tools’, and ‘monitoring and evaluation’ areas. We observed a high alignment with the strategic objectives of the GAP; however, the opposite was observed for the corresponding actions. Our results showed that the governance aspects contained within coordination and participation domains were addressed by every Latin American NAP, whereas monitoring and assessment areas, as well as incorporating the environment, would need more attention in subsequent NAPs. Given that AMR is a global health threat and collective efforts across regions are necessary to combat it, our findings can benefit Member states by highlighting how to strengthen their AMR strategies in Latin America, while also supporting global policy formulation.

Citation

Avello, P., Collins, L. M., Gómez, S. A., Luna, F., Fernández Miyakawa, M. E., West, H. M., & Iossa, G. (2024). National action plans on antimicrobial resistance in Latin America: an analysis via a governance framework. Health Policy and Planning, 39(2), 188–197. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czad118

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jan 3, 2024
• Online Publication Date: Jan 5, 2024
• Publication Date: 2024-03
• Deposit Date: Apr 11, 2025
• Publicly Available Date: Apr 14, 2025
• Journal: Health Policy and Planning
• Print ISSN: 0268-1080
• Electronic ISSN: 1460-2237
• Publisher: Oxford University Press
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 39
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 188–197
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czad118
• Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance, national action plans, global action plan, governance
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/29825674
• Publisher URL: https://academic.oup.com/heapol/article/39/2/188/7511231?login=true