The Scope, Functions, and Dynamics of Posttranslational Protein Modifications

Millar, A. Harvey; Heazlewood, Joshua L.; Giglione, Carmela; Holdsworth, Michael J.; Bachmair, Andreas; Schulze, Waltraud X.

Abstract

© 2019 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved. Assessing posttranslational modification (PTM) patterns within protein molecules and reading their functional implications present grand challenges for plant biology. We combine four perspectives on PTMs and their roles by considering five classes of PTMs as examples of the broader context of PTMs. These include modifications of the N terminus, glycosylation, phosphorylation, oxidation, and N-terminal and protein modifiers linked to protein degradation. We consider the spatial distribution of PTMs, the subcellular distribution of modifying enzymes, and their targets throughout the cell, and we outline the complexity of compartmentation in understanding of PTM function. We also consider PTMs temporally in the context of the lifetime of a protein molecule and the need for different PTMs for assembly, localization, function, and degradation. Finally, we consider the combined action of PTMs on the same proteins, their interactions, and the challenge ahead of integrating PTMs into an understanding of protein function in plants.

Citation

Millar, A. H., Heazlewood, J. L., Giglione, C., Holdsworth, M. J., Bachmair, A., & Schulze, W. X. (2019). The Scope, Functions, and Dynamics of Posttranslational Protein Modifications. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 70, 119-151. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-050718-100211

• Journal Article Type: Review
• Acceptance Date: Feb 20, 2019
• Online Publication Date: Apr 29, 2019
• Publication Date: Apr 1, 2019
• Deposit Date: Sep 16, 2019
• Journal: Annual Review of Plant Biology
• Print ISSN: 1543-5008
• Electronic ISSN: 1545-2123
• Publisher: Annual Reviews
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 70
• Pages: 119-151
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-050718-100211
• Keywords: Plant Science; Cell Biology; Physiology; Molecular Biology; General Medicine
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/2620167
• Publisher URL: https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-arplant-050718-100211