Identification of Orbivirus Non-Structural Protein 5 (NS5), Its Role and Interaction with RNA/DNA in Infected Cells

Mohd Jaafar, Fauziah; Monsion, Baptiste; Mertens, Peter P.C.; Attoui, Houssam

Abstract

Bioinformatic analyses have predicted that orbiviruses encode an additional, small non-structural protein (NS5) from a secondary open reading frame on genome segment 10. However, this protein has not previously been detected in infected mammalian or insect cells. NS5-specific antibodies were generated in mice and were used to identify NS5 synthesised in orbivirus-infected BSR cells or cells transfected with NS5 expression plasmids. Confocal microscopy shows that although NS5 accumulates in the nucleus, particularly in the nucleolus, which becomes disrupted, it also appears in the cell cytoplasm, co-localising with mitochondria. NS5 helps to prevent the degradation of ribosomal RNAs during infection and reduces host-cell protein synthesis However, it helps to extend cell viability by supporting viral protein synthesis and virus replication. Pulldown studies showed that NS5 binds to ssRNAs and supercoiled DNAs and demonstrates interactions with ZBP1, suggesting that it modulates host-cell responses.

Citation

Mohd Jaafar, F., Monsion, B., Mertens, P. P., & Attoui, H. (2023). Identification of Orbivirus Non-Structural Protein 5 (NS5), Its Role and Interaction with RNA/DNA in Infected Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(7), Article 6845. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076845

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Mar 31, 2023
• Online Publication Date: Apr 6, 2023
• Publication Date: Apr 6, 2023
• Deposit Date: Apr 18, 2023
• Publicly Available Date: Apr 18, 2023
• Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
• Print ISSN: 1661-6596
• Electronic ISSN: 1422-0067
• Publisher: MDPI
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 24
• Issue: 7
• Article Number: 6845
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076845
• Keywords: bluetongue; bluetongue virus; orbivirus; African horsesickness virus; Kemerovo virus; AHSV; BTV; KEMV; NS5
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/19298192
• Publisher URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/7/6845