Outputs (117)

Uptake and safety of pneumococcal vaccination in adults with immune mediated inflammatory diseases: a UK wide observational study (2024)
Journal Article
Nakafero, G., Grainge, M. J., Card, T., Mallen, C. D., Nguyen Van-Tam, J. S., Abhishek, A., & . (2024). Uptake and safety of pneumococcal vaccination in adults with immune mediated inflammatory diseases: a UK wide observational study. Rheumatology, Article keae160. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keae160

Objective The uptake and safety of pneumococcal vaccination in people with immune mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) is poorly understood. We investigated the UK wide pneumococcal vaccine uptake in adults with IMIDs and explored the association b... Read More about Uptake and safety of pneumococcal vaccination in adults with immune mediated inflammatory diseases: a UK wide observational study.

Randomized controlled trial of molnupiravir SARS-CoV-2 viral and antibody response in at-risk adult outpatients (2024)
Journal Article
Standing, J. F., Buggiotti, L., Guerra-Assunção, J. A., Woodall, M., Ellis, S., Agyeman, A. A., …Breuer, J. (2024). Randomized controlled trial of molnupiravir SARS-CoV-2 viral and antibody response in at-risk adult outpatients. Nature Communications, 15, Article 1652. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-45641-0

Viral clearance, antibody response and the mutagenic effect of molnupiravir has not been elucidated in at-risk populations. Non-hospitalised participants within 5 days of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms randomised to receive molnupiravir (n=253) or Usual Care (n... Read More about Randomized controlled trial of molnupiravir SARS-CoV-2 viral and antibody response in at-risk adult outpatients.

Cost-utility analysis of molnupiravir plus usual care versus usual care alone as early treatment for community-based adults with COVID-19 and increased risk of adverse outcomes in the UK PANORAMIC trial (2024)
Journal Article
Png, M. E., Harris, V., Grabey, J., Hart, N. D., Jani, B. D., Butler, D., …Petrou, S. (in press). Cost-utility analysis of molnupiravir plus usual care versus usual care alone as early treatment for community-based adults with COVID-19 and increased risk of adverse outcomes in the UK PANORAMIC trial. British Journal of General Practice, Article 0444. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp.2023.0444

The cost-effectiveness of molnupiravir, an oral antiviral for early treatment of SARS-CoV-2, has not been established in vaccinated populations. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of molnupiravir relative to usual care alone among mainly vaccinated c... Read More about Cost-utility analysis of molnupiravir plus usual care versus usual care alone as early treatment for community-based adults with COVID-19 and increased risk of adverse outcomes in the UK PANORAMIC trial.

Real world evidence for public health decision-making on vaccination policies: perspectives from an expert roundtable (2023)
Journal Article
de Waure, C., Gärtner, B. C., Lopalco, P. L., Puig-Barbera, J., & Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2024). Real world evidence for public health decision-making on vaccination policies: perspectives from an expert roundtable. Expert Review of Vaccines, 23(1), 27-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2023.2290194

INTRODUCTION: Influenza causes significant morbidity and mortality, but influenza vaccine uptake remains below most countries' targets. Vaccine policy recommendations vary, as do procedures for reviewing and appraising the evidence. AREAS COVERED: Du... Read More about Real world evidence for public health decision-making on vaccination policies: perspectives from an expert roundtable.

Effect of a 2-week interruption in methotrexate treatment on COVID-19 vaccine response in people with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (VROOM study): a randomised, open label, superiority trial (2023)
Journal Article
Abhishek, A., Peckham, N., Pade, C., Gibbons, J. M., Cureton, L., Francis, A., …Cook, J. A. (2023). Effect of a 2-week interruption in methotrexate treatment on COVID-19 vaccine response in people with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (VROOM study): a randomised, open label, superiority trial. The Lancet Rheumatology, 6(2), e92-e104. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2665-9913%2823%2900298-9

Background: Methotrexate is the first-line treatment for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and reduces vaccine-induced immunity. We evaluated if a 2-week interruption of methotrexate treatment immediately after COVID-19 booster vaccination improv... Read More about Effect of a 2-week interruption in methotrexate treatment on COVID-19 vaccine response in people with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (VROOM study): a randomised, open label, superiority trial.

Optimizing mood prior to influenza vaccination in older adults: A three-arm randomized controlled trial (2023)
Journal Article
Ayling, K., Brown, M., Carlisle, S., Bennett, R., Buchanan, H., Dumbleton, J., …Vedhara, K. (2023). Optimizing mood prior to influenza vaccination in older adults: A three-arm randomized controlled trial. Health Psychology, 43(2), 77-88. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0001267

Objective: This trial explored the psychological and immunological effects of two brief interventions, targeting improving positive mood, administered to older adults immediately prior to influenza vaccination. The primary aim was to examine whether... Read More about Optimizing mood prior to influenza vaccination in older adults: A three-arm randomized controlled trial.

Evaluation of pragmatic oxygenation measurement as a proxy for Covid-19 severity (2023)
Journal Article
Swets, M. C., Kerr, S., Scott-Brown, J., Brown, A. B., Gupta, R., Millar, J. E., …ISARIC4C Investigators. (2023). Evaluation of pragmatic oxygenation measurement as a proxy for Covid-19 severity. Nature Communications, 14(1), Article 7374. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-42205-6

Choosing optimal outcome measures maximizes statistical power, accelerates discovery and improves reliability in early-phase trials. We devised and evaluated a modification to a pragmatic measure of oxygenation function, the S/F ratio. Because of the... Read More about Evaluation of pragmatic oxygenation measurement as a proxy for Covid-19 severity.

Two-week break in methotrexate treatment and COVID-19 vaccine response: a prospective, open label, two-arm parallel-group, multicentre, superiority, randomised controlled trial (2023)
Journal Article
Abhishek, A., Peckham, N., Pade, C., Gibbons, J. M., Cureton, L., Francis, A., …Study investigators, V. (in press). Two-week break in methotrexate treatment and COVID-19 vaccine response: a prospective, open label, two-arm parallel-group, multicentre, superiority, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet Rheumatology,

Platform adaptive trial of novel antivirals for early treatment of COVID-19 In the community (PANORAMIC): protocol for a randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform trial of community novel antiviral treatment of COVID-19 in people at increased risk of more severe disease (2023)
Journal Article
Gbinigie, O., Ogburn, E., Allen, J., Dorward, J., Dobson, M., Madden, T., …Butler, C. C. (2023). Platform adaptive trial of novel antivirals for early treatment of COVID-19 In the community (PANORAMIC): protocol for a randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform trial of community novel antiviral treatment of COVID-19 in people at increased risk of more severe disease. BMJ Open, 13(8), Article e069176. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069176

Introduction: There is an urgent need to determine the safety, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of novel antiviral treatments for COVID-19 in vaccinated patients in the community at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. Met... Read More about Platform adaptive trial of novel antivirals for early treatment of COVID-19 In the community (PANORAMIC): protocol for a randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform trial of community novel antiviral treatment of COVID-19 in people at increased risk of more severe disease.

Risk prediction of covid-19 related death or hospital admission in adults testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection during the omicron wave in England (QCOVID4): cohort study (2023)
Journal Article
Hippisley-Cox, J., Khunti, K., Sheikh, A., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., & Coupland, C. A. (2023). Risk prediction of covid-19 related death or hospital admission in adults testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection during the omicron wave in England (QCOVID4): cohort study. BMJ, 381, Article e072976. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-072976

Objectives To derive and validate risk prediction algorithms (QCOVID4) to estimate the risk of covid-19 related death and hospital admission in people with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test result during the period when the omicron variant of the virus was... Read More about Risk prediction of covid-19 related death or hospital admission in adults testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection during the omicron wave in England (QCOVID4): cohort study.

Reactogenicity, immunogenicity and breakthrough infections following heterologous or fractional second dose COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents (Com-COV3): A randomised controlled trial (2023)
Journal Article
Kelly, E., Greenland, M., de Whalley, P. C., Aley, P. K., Plested, E. L., Singh, N., …Com-COV3 Study Group, C. S. G. (2023). Reactogenicity, immunogenicity and breakthrough infections following heterologous or fractional second dose COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents (Com-COV3): A randomised controlled trial. Journal of Infection, 87(3), 230-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2023.06.007

Background: This was the first study to investigate the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of heterologous or fractional second dose COVID-19 vaccine regimens in adolescents. Methods: A phase II, single-blind, multi-centre, randomised-controlled trial... Read More about Reactogenicity, immunogenicity and breakthrough infections following heterologous or fractional second dose COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents (Com-COV3): A randomised controlled trial.

Persistence of immune responses after heterologous and homologous third COVID-19 vaccine dose schedules in the UK: eight-month analyses of the COV-BOOST trial (2023)
Journal Article
Liu, X., Munro, A. P. S., Wright, A., Feng, S., Janani, L., Aley, P. K., …Faust, S. N. (2023). Persistence of immune responses after heterologous and homologous third COVID-19 vaccine dose schedules in the UK: eight-month analyses of the COV-BOOST trial. Journal of Infection, 87(1), 18-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2023.04.012

Background: COV-BOOST is a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial of seven COVID-19 vaccines used as a third booster dose in June 2021. Monovalent messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccines were subsequently widely used for the third and four... Read More about Persistence of immune responses after heterologous and homologous third COVID-19 vaccine dose schedules in the UK: eight-month analyses of the COV-BOOST trial.

Corrigendum to “Persistence of immunogenicity after seven COVID-19 vaccines given as third dose boosters following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK: Three month analyses of the COV-BOOST trial” [J Infect 84(6) (2022) 795–813, 5511] (2023)
Journal Article
Liu, X., Munro, A. P., Feng, S., Janani, L., Aley, P. K., Babbage, G., …study group, C. (2023). Corrigendum to “Persistence of immunogenicity after seven COVID-19 vaccines given as third dose boosters following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK: Three month analyses of the COV-BOOST trial” [J Infect 84(6) (2022) 795–813, 5511]. Journal of Infection, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2023.03.025

The authors regret that there has been an error published within Fig. 5 of this article. The authors inadvertently pasted the anti-spike plots for the “≥70 years” group instead of the pseudo-neutralising antibody plots (pages 808–809) to Fig. 5A and... Read More about Corrigendum to “Persistence of immunogenicity after seven COVID-19 vaccines given as third dose boosters following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK: Three month analyses of the COV-BOOST trial” [J Infect 84(6) (2022) 795–813, 5511].

Persistence of immune response in heterologous COVID vaccination schedules in the Com-COV2 study – A single-blind, randomised trial incorporating mRNA, viral-vector and protein-adjuvant vaccines (2023)
Journal Article
Shaw, R. H., Greenland, M., Stuart, A. S. V., Aley, P. K., Andrews, N. J., Cameron, J. C., …Snape, M. D. (2023). Persistence of immune response in heterologous COVID vaccination schedules in the Com-COV2 study – A single-blind, randomised trial incorporating mRNA, viral-vector and protein-adjuvant vaccines. Journal of Infection, 86(6), 574-583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2023.03.027

Background: Heterologous COVID vaccine priming schedules are immunogenic and effective. This report aims to understand the persistence of immune response to the viral vectored, mRNA and protein-based COVID-19 vaccine platforms used in homologous and... Read More about Persistence of immune response in heterologous COVID vaccination schedules in the Com-COV2 study – A single-blind, randomised trial incorporating mRNA, viral-vector and protein-adjuvant vaccines.

Is Vaccination Against COVID-19 Associated With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Flare? Self-Controlled Case Series Analysis Using the UK CPRD (2023)
Journal Article
Card, T. R., Nakafero, G., Grainge, M. J., Mallen, C. D., Van-Tam, J. S. N., Williams, H. C., & Abhishek, A. (2023). Is Vaccination Against COVID-19 Associated With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Flare? Self-Controlled Case Series Analysis Using the UK CPRD. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 118(8), 1388-1394. https://doi.org/10.14309/ajg.0000000000002205

INTRODUCTION: To investigate the association between vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) flare. METHODS: Patients with IBD vaccinated against COVID-19 who consulted for disease flare be... Read More about Is Vaccination Against COVID-19 Associated With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Flare? Self-Controlled Case Series Analysis Using the UK CPRD.

Molnupiravir for SARS-CoV-2 infection: Public health and policy implications (2023)
Journal Article
Gray, E. J., & Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2023). Molnupiravir for SARS-CoV-2 infection: Public health and policy implications. Journal of Infection, 86(2), 121-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2022.10.040

Molnupiravir plus usual care versus usual care alone as early treatment for adults with COVID-19 at increased risk of adverse outcomes (PANORAMIC): an open-label, platform-adaptive randomised controlled trial (2022)
Journal Article
Butler, C. C., Hobbs, F. D. R., Gbinigie, O. A., Rahman, N. M., Hayward, G., Richards, D. B., …Zafar, A. (2023). Molnupiravir plus usual care versus usual care alone as early treatment for adults with COVID-19 at increased risk of adverse outcomes (PANORAMIC): an open-label, platform-adaptive randomised controlled trial. Lancet, 401(10373), 281-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736%2822%2902597-1

Background: The safety, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of molnupiravir, an oral antiviral medication for SARS-CoV-2, has not been established in vaccinated patients in the community at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. W... Read More about Molnupiravir plus usual care versus usual care alone as early treatment for adults with COVID-19 at increased risk of adverse outcomes (PANORAMIC): an open-label, platform-adaptive randomised controlled trial.

Burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in older and high-risk adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence from developed countries (2022)
Journal Article
Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., O'Leary, M., Martin, E. T., Heijnen, E., Callendret, B., Fleischhackl, R., …Weber, K. (2022). Burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in older and high-risk adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence from developed countries. European Respiratory Review, 31(166), Article 220105. https://doi.org/10.1183/16000617.0105-2022

Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) significantly impacts the health of older and high-risk adults (those with comorbidities). We aimed to synthesise the evidence on RSV disease burden and RSV-related healthcare utilisation in both populatio... Read More about Burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in older and high-risk adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence from developed countries.

The impact of repeated vaccination on relative influenza vaccine effectiveness among vaccinated adults in the United Kingdom (2022)
Journal Article
Lim, W. W., Cowling, B. J., Nakafero, G., Feng, S., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., & Bolt, H. (2022). The impact of repeated vaccination on relative influenza vaccine effectiveness among vaccinated adults in the United Kingdom. Epidemiology and Infection, 150, Article E198. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268822001753

Annual seasonal influenza vaccination is recommended for individuals at high risk of developing post-infection complications in many locations. However, reduced vaccine immunogenicity and effectiveness have been observed among repeat vaccinees in som... Read More about The impact of repeated vaccination on relative influenza vaccine effectiveness among vaccinated adults in the United Kingdom.

Is vaccination against COVID-19 associated with psoriasis or eczema flare? Self-controlled case series analysis using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (Aurum) (2022)
Journal Article
Adams, L., Nakafero, G., Grainge, M. J., Card, T., Mallen, C. D., Van-Tam, J. S., …Abhishek, A. (2022). Is vaccination against COVID-19 associated with psoriasis or eczema flare? Self-controlled case series analysis using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (Aurum). British Journal of Dermatology, 188(2), 297-299. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjd/ljac061

Lessons learned from 2 years of influenza vaccinations in the UK and USA during the COVID-19 pandemic as respiratory viruses return (2022)
Journal Article
Tan, L. J., Ahmed, S., Rothholz, M. C., Kassianos, G., & Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2022). Lessons learned from 2 years of influenza vaccinations in the UK and USA during the COVID-19 pandemic as respiratory viruses return. Human Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, 18(6), Article 2125754. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2022.2125754

During the COVID-19 pandemic, immunization programs for other respiratory infections, notably influenza continued worldwide but attracted less public or political attention than COVID-19 vaccinations. Due to non-pharmaceutical intervention measures t... Read More about Lessons learned from 2 years of influenza vaccinations in the UK and USA during the COVID-19 pandemic as respiratory viruses return.

Is vaccination against COVID-19 associated with autoimmune rheumatic disease flare? A self-controlled case series analysis (2022)
Journal Article
Nakafero, G., Grainge, M. J., Card, T., Mallen, C. D., Nguyen Van-Tam, J. S., Williams, H. C., & Abhishek, A. (2023). Is vaccination against COVID-19 associated with autoimmune rheumatic disease flare? A self-controlled case series analysis. Rheumatology, 62(4), 1445-1450. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keac484

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and autoimmune rheumatic disease (AIRD) flare. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with AIRDs vaccinated against COVID-19 who consulted for dise... Read More about Is vaccination against COVID-19 associated with autoimmune rheumatic disease flare? A self-controlled case series analysis.

Barriers and facilitators to vaccination uptake against COVID-19, influenza, and pneumococcal pneumonia in immunosuppressed adults with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: A qualitative interview study during the COVID-19 pandemic (2022)
Journal Article
Fuller, A., Hancox, J., Vedhara, K., Card, T., Mallen, C., Van-Tam, J. S. N., & Abhishek, A. (2022). Barriers and facilitators to vaccination uptake against COVID-19, influenza, and pneumococcal pneumonia in immunosuppressed adults with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: A qualitative interview study during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS ONE, 17(9), Article e0267769. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267769

Objectives To explore barriers and facilitators to COVID-19, influenza, and pneumococcal vaccine uptake in immunosuppressed adults with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). Methods Recruiting through national patient charities and a local h... Read More about Barriers and facilitators to vaccination uptake against COVID-19, influenza, and pneumococcal pneumonia in immunosuppressed adults with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: A qualitative interview study during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Effect of a 2-week interruption in methotrexate treatment versus continued treatment on COVID-19 booster vaccine immunity in adults with inflammatory conditions (VROOM study): a randomised, open label, superiority trial (2022)
Journal Article
Abhishek, A., Boyton, R. J., Peckham, N., McKnight, Á., Coates, L. C., Bluett, J., …Cook, J. A. (2022). Effect of a 2-week interruption in methotrexate treatment versus continued treatment on COVID-19 booster vaccine immunity in adults with inflammatory conditions (VROOM study): a randomised, open label, superiority trial. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 10(9), 840-850. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600%2822%2900186-2

Background: Immunosuppressive treatments inhibit vaccine-induced immunity against SARS-CoV-2. We evaluated whether a 2-week interruption of methotrexate treatment immediately after the COVID-19 vaccine booster improved antibody responses against the... Read More about Effect of a 2-week interruption in methotrexate treatment versus continued treatment on COVID-19 booster vaccine immunity in adults with inflammatory conditions (VROOM study): a randomised, open label, superiority trial.

Effect of priming interval on reactogenicity, peak immunological response, and waning after homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccine schedules: exploratory analyses of Com-COV, a randomised control trial (2022)
Journal Article
Shaw, R. H., Liu, X., Stuart, A. S. V., Greenland, M., Aley, P. K., Andrews, N. J., …Okenyi, E. (2022). Effect of priming interval on reactogenicity, peak immunological response, and waning after homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccine schedules: exploratory analyses of Com-COV, a randomised control trial. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 10(11), 1049-1060. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600%2822%2900163-1

Background: Priming COVID-19 vaccine schedules have been deployed at variable intervals globally, which might influence immune persistence and the relative importance of third-dose booster programmes. Here, we report exploratory analyses from the Com... Read More about Effect of priming interval on reactogenicity, peak immunological response, and waning after homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccine schedules: exploratory analyses of Com-COV, a randomised control trial.

Safety, immunogenicity, and reactogenicity of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccines given as fourth-dose boosters following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BNT162b2 and a third dose of BNT162b2 (COV-BOOST): a multicentre, blinded, phase 2, randomised trial (2022)
Journal Article
Munro, A. P. S., Feng, S., Janani, L., Cornelius, V., Aley, P. K., Babbage, G., …Hardy, A. (2022). Safety, immunogenicity, and reactogenicity of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccines given as fourth-dose boosters following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BNT162b2 and a third dose of BNT162b2 (COV-BOOST): a multicentre, blinded, phase 2, randomised trial. Lancet Infectious Diseases, 22(8), 1131-1141. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099%2822%2900271-7

Background Some high-income countries have deployed fourth doses of COVID-19 vaccines, but the clinical need, effectiveness, timing, and dose of a fourth dose remain uncertain. We aimed to investigate the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of... Read More about Safety, immunogenicity, and reactogenicity of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccines given as fourth-dose boosters following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BNT162b2 and a third dose of BNT162b2 (COV-BOOST): a multicentre, blinded, phase 2, randomised trial.

Effects of temporarily suspending low-dose methotrexate treatment for 2 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster on vaccine response in immunosuppressed adults with inflammatory conditions: protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial and nested mechanistic substudy (Vaccine Response On/Off Methotrexate (VROOM) study) (2022)
Journal Article
Abhishek, A., Boyton, R. J., McKnight, Á., Coates, L. C., Bluett, J., Barber, V., …Cook, J. A. (2022). Effects of temporarily suspending low-dose methotrexate treatment for 2 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster on vaccine response in immunosuppressed adults with inflammatory conditions: protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial and nested mechanistic substudy (Vaccine Response On/Off Methotrexate (VROOM) study). BMJ Open, 12(5), Article e062599. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062599

Introduction It is unknown if a temporary break in long-term immune-suppressive treatment after vaccination against COVID-19 improves vaccine response. The objective of this study was to evaluate if a 2-week interruption in low-dose weekly methotrexa... Read More about Effects of temporarily suspending low-dose methotrexate treatment for 2 weeks after SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster on vaccine response in immunosuppressed adults with inflammatory conditions: protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial and nested mechanistic substudy (Vaccine Response On/Off Methotrexate (VROOM) study).

Comparison of UK paediatric SARS-CoV-2 admissions across the first and second pandemic waves (2022)
Journal Article
Swann, O. V., Pollock, L., Holden, K. A., Munro, A. P., Bennett, A., Williams, T. C., …on behalf of ISARIC4C Investigators. (2022). Comparison of UK paediatric SARS-CoV-2 admissions across the first and second pandemic waves. Pediatric Research, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-022-02052-5

Background: We hypothesised that theclinical characteristics of hospitalised children and young people(CYP) with SARS-CoV-2 in the UK second wave (W2) would differ from the firstwave (W1) due to the alpha variant (B.1.1.7), school reopening and relax... Read More about Comparison of UK paediatric SARS-CoV-2 admissions across the first and second pandemic waves.

Persistence of immunogenicity after seven COVID-19 vaccines given as third dose boosters following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK: Three month analyses of the COV-BOOST trial. (2022)
Journal Article
Liu, X., Munro, A. P. S., Feng, S., Janani, L., Aley, P. K., Babbage, G., …the COV-BOOST study group. (2022). Persistence of immunogenicity after seven COVID-19 vaccines given as third dose boosters following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK: Three month analyses of the COV-BOOST trial. Journal of Infection, 84(6), 795-813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2022.04.018

Objectives: To evaluate the persistence of immunogenicity three months after third dose boosters. Methods: COV-BOOST is a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial of seven COVID-19 vaccines used as a third booster dose. The analysis was con... Read More about Persistence of immunogenicity after seven COVID-19 vaccines given as third dose boosters following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK: Three month analyses of the COV-BOOST trial..

Safety, tolerability and viral kinetics during SARS-CoV-2 human challenge in young adults (2022)
Journal Article
Killingley, B., Mann, A. J., Kalinova, M., Boyers, A., Goonawardane, N., Zhou, J., …Chiu, C. (2022). Safety, tolerability and viral kinetics during SARS-CoV-2 human challenge in young adults. Nature Medicine, 28, 1031–1041. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01780-9

Since its emergence in 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused hundreds of millions of cases and continues to circulate globally. To establish a novel SARS-CoV-2 human challenge model that enables controlled inve... Read More about Safety, tolerability and viral kinetics during SARS-CoV-2 human challenge in young adults.

Implementation of corticosteroids in treatment of COVID-19 in the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK: prospective, cohort study (2022)
Journal Article
Närhi, F., Ramani Moonesinghe, S. R., Shenkin, S. D., Drake, T. M., Mulholland, R. H., Donegan, C., …Docherty on behalf of the ISARIC4C investigators, A. B. (2022). Implementation of corticosteroids in treatment of COVID-19 in the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK: prospective, cohort study. The Lancet. Digital Health, 4(4), e220-e234. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500%2822%2900018-8

Background: Dexamethasone was the first intervention proven to reduce mortality in patients with COVID-19 being treated in hospital. We aimed to evaluate the adoption of corticosteroids in the treatment of COVID-19 in the UK after the RECOVERY trial... Read More about Implementation of corticosteroids in treatment of COVID-19 in the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK: prospective, cohort study.

Reduced neutralisation of SARS-CoV-2 omicron B.1.1.529 variant by post-immunisation serum (2021)
Journal Article
Dejnirattisai, W., Shaw, R. H., Supasa, P., Liu, C., Stuart, A. S., Pollard, A. J., …Com-COV2 Study Group. (2022). Reduced neutralisation of SARS-CoV-2 omicron B.1.1.529 variant by post-immunisation serum. Lancet, 399(10321), 234-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2821%2902844-0

Immunogenicity, safety, and reactogenicity of heterologous COVID-19 primary vaccination incorporating mRNA, viral-vector, and protein-adjuvant vaccines in the UK (Com-COV2): a single-blind, randomised, phase 2, non-inferiority trial (2021)
Journal Article
Stuart, A. S. V., Shaw, R. H., Liu, X., Greenland, M., Aley, P. K., Andrews, N. J., …Snape, M. D. (2022). Immunogenicity, safety, and reactogenicity of heterologous COVID-19 primary vaccination incorporating mRNA, viral-vector, and protein-adjuvant vaccines in the UK (Com-COV2): a single-blind, randomised, phase 2, non-inferiority trial. Lancet, 399(10319), 36-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2821%2902718-5

Background: Given the importance of flexible use of different COVID-19 vaccines within the same schedule to facilitate rapid deployment, we studied mixed priming schedules incorporating an adenoviral-vectored vaccine (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 [ChAd], AstraZen... Read More about Immunogenicity, safety, and reactogenicity of heterologous COVID-19 primary vaccination incorporating mRNA, viral-vector, and protein-adjuvant vaccines in the UK (Com-COV2): a single-blind, randomised, phase 2, non-inferiority trial.

Safety and immunogenicity of seven COVID-19 vaccines as a third dose (booster) following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK (COV-BOOST): a blinded, multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial (2021)
Journal Article
Munro, A. P., Jalani, L., Comelius, V., Aley, P. K., Babbage, G., Baxter, D., …COV-BOOST Study Group. (2021). Safety and immunogenicity of seven COVID-19 vaccines as a third dose (booster) following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK (COV-BOOST): a blinded, multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial. Lancet, 398(10318), 2258-2276. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736%2821%2902717-3

Background Few data exist on the comparative safety and immunogenicity of different COVID-19 vaccines given as a third (booster) dose. To generate data to optimise selection of booster vaccines, we investigated the reactogenicity and immunogenicit... Read More about Safety and immunogenicity of seven COVID-19 vaccines as a third dose (booster) following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK (COV-BOOST): a blinded, multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial.

Prospective validation of the 4C prognostic models for adults hospitalised with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol (2021)
Journal Article
Knight, S. R., Gupta, R. K., Ho, A., Pius, R., Buchan, I., Carson, G., …Harrison, E. M. (2022). Prospective validation of the 4C prognostic models for adults hospitalised with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol. Thorax, 77(6), 606-615. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217629

Purpose: To prospectively validate two risk scores to predict mortality (4C Mortality) and in hospital deterioration (4C Deterioration) among adults hospitalised with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). Methods: Prospective observational cohort... Read More about Prospective validation of the 4C prognostic models for adults hospitalised with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol.

Safety and immunogenicity of concomitant administration of COVID-19 vaccines (ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2) with seasonal influenza vaccines in adults in the UK (ComFluCOV): a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 4 trial (2021)
Journal Article
Lazarus, R., Baos, S., Cappel-Porter, H., Carson-Stevens, A., Clout, M., Culliford, L., …and the ComfluCOV Trial Group. (2021). Safety and immunogenicity of concomitant administration of COVID-19 vaccines (ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2) with seasonal influenza vaccines in adults in the UK (ComFluCOV): a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 4 trial. Lancet, 398(10318), 2277-2287. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736%2821%2902329-1

Background: Concomitant administration of COVID-19 and influenza vaccines could reduce burden on health-care systems. We aimed to assess the safety of concomitant administration of ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2 plus an age-appropri... Read More about Safety and immunogenicity of concomitant administration of COVID-19 vaccines (ChAdOx1 or BNT162b2) with seasonal influenza vaccines in adults in the UK (ComFluCOV): a multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 4 trial.

Acute kidney injury in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from the ISARIC WHO CCP-UK Study: A prospective, multicentre cohort study (2021)
Journal Article
Sullivan, M. K., Lees, J. S., Drake, T. M., Docherty, A. B., Oates, G., Hardwick, H. E., …Mark, P. B. (2022). Acute kidney injury in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from the ISARIC WHO CCP-UK Study: A prospective, multicentre cohort study. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 37(2), 271-284. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfab303

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study investigated adults hospitalized with COVID-19 and hypothesized that risk factors for AKI would include comorbidities and non-White race. Methods: A pr... Read More about Acute kidney injury in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from the ISARIC WHO CCP-UK Study: A prospective, multicentre cohort study.

Spotlight influenza: Laboratory-confirmed seasonal influenza in people with acute respiratory illness: a literature review and meta-analysis, WHO European Region, 2004 to 2017 (2021)
Journal Article
Belazi, S., Olsen, S. J., Brown, C., Green, H. K., Mook, P., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J., …Lansbury, L. (2021). Spotlight influenza: Laboratory-confirmed seasonal influenza in people with acute respiratory illness: a literature review and meta-analysis, WHO European Region, 2004 to 2017. Eurosurveillance, 26(39), https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.es.2021.26.39.2000343

BackgroundAcross the World Health Organization European Region, there are few estimates of the proportion of people seeking medical care for influenza-like illness or acute respiratory infections and who have laboratory-confirmed seasonal influenza i... Read More about Spotlight influenza: Laboratory-confirmed seasonal influenza in people with acute respiratory illness: a literature review and meta-analysis, WHO European Region, 2004 to 2017.

Risk prediction of covid-19 related death and hospital admission in adults after covid-19 vaccination: National prospective cohort study (2021)
Journal Article
Hippisley-Cox, J., Coupland, C. A., Mehta, N., Keogh, R. H., Diaz-Ordaz, K., Khunti, K., …Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2021). Risk prediction of covid-19 related death and hospital admission in adults after covid-19 vaccination: National prospective cohort study. BMJ, 374, Article n2244. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n2244

Objectives To derive and validate risk prediction algorithms to estimate the risk of covid-19 related mortality and hospital admission in UK adults after one or two doses of covid-19 vaccination. Design Prospective, population based cohort study usin... Read More about Risk prediction of covid-19 related death and hospital admission in adults after covid-19 vaccination: National prospective cohort study.

Hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection in the UK's first COVID-19 pandemic wave (2021)
Journal Article
Read, J. M., Green, C. A., Harrison, E. M., Docherty, A. B., Funk, S., Harrison, J., …Semple, M. G. (2021). Hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection in the UK's first COVID-19 pandemic wave. Lancet, 398(10305), 1037-1038. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2821%2901786-4

Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost schedules with an adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Com-COV): a single-blind, randomised, non-inferiority trial (2021)
Journal Article
Liu, X., Shaw, R. H., Stuart, A. S. V., Greenland, M., Aley, P. K., Andrews, N. J., …Allen, L. (2021). Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost schedules with an adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Com-COV): a single-blind, randomised, non-inferiority trial. Lancet, 398(10303), 856-869. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2821%2901694-9

Background: Use of heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccine schedules could facilitate mass COVID-19 immunisation. However, we have previously reported that heterologous schedules incorporating an adenoviral vectored vaccine (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, AstraZ... Read More about Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous versus homologous prime-boost schedules with an adenoviral vectored and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Com-COV): a single-blind, randomised, non-inferiority trial.

Characterisation of in-hospital complications associated with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK: a prospective, multicentre cohort study (2021)
Journal Article
Drake, T. M., Riad, A. M., Fairfield, C. J., Egan, C., Knight, S. R., Pius, R., … ISARIC4C investigators, O. B. O. T. (2021). Characterisation of in-hospital complications associated with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK: a prospective, multicentre cohort study. Lancet, 398(10296), 223-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2821%2900799-6

Background COVID-19 is a multisystem disease and patients who survive might have in-hospital complications. These complications are likely to have important short-term and long-term consequences for patients, health-care utilisation, health-care sys... Read More about Characterisation of in-hospital complications associated with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK: a prospective, multicentre cohort study.

Characterisation of in-hospital complications associated with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK: a prospective, multicentre cohort study (2021)
Journal Article
Drake, T. M., Riad, A. M., Fairfield, C. J., Egan, C., Knight, S. R., Pius, R., …Young, P. (2021). Characterisation of in-hospital complications associated with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK: a prospective, multicentre cohort study. Lancet, 398(10296), 223-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2821%2900799-6

BackgroundCOVID-19 is a multisystem disease and patients who survive might have in-hospital complications. These complications are likely to have important short-term and long-term consequences for patients, health-care utilisation, health-care syste... Read More about Characterisation of in-hospital complications associated with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK: a prospective, multicentre cohort study.

Co-infections, secondary infections, and antimicrobial use in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 during the first pandemic wave from the ISARIC WHO CCP-UK study: a multicentre, prospective cohort study (2021)
Journal Article
Russell, C. D., Fairfield, C. J., Drake, T. M., Turtle, L., Seaton, R. A., Wootton, D. G., …Young, P. (2021). Co-infections, secondary infections, and antimicrobial use in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 during the first pandemic wave from the ISARIC WHO CCP-UK study: a multicentre, prospective cohort study. The Lancet Microbe, 2(8), e354-e365. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2666-5247%2821%2900090-2

Background Microbiological characterisation of co-infections and secondary infections in patients with COVID-19 is lacking, and antimicrobial use is high. We aimed to describe microbiologically confirmed co-infections and secondary infections, and a... Read More about Co-infections, secondary infections, and antimicrobial use in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 during the first pandemic wave from the ISARIC WHO CCP-UK study: a multicentre, prospective cohort study.

Changes in in-hospital mortality in the first wave of COVID-19: a multicentre prospective observational cohort study using the WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK (2021)
Journal Article
Docherty, A. B., Mulholland, R. H., Lone, N. I., Cheyne, C. P., De Angelis, D., Diaz-Ordaz, K., …Young, P. (2021). Changes in in-hospital mortality in the first wave of COVID-19: a multicentre prospective observational cohort study using the WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 9(7), 773-785. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600%2821%2900175-2

Background: Mortality rates in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 in the UK appeared to decline during the first wave of the pandemic. We aimed to quantify potential drivers of this change and identify groups of patients who remain at high risk of d... Read More about Changes in in-hospital mortality in the first wave of COVID-19: a multicentre prospective observational cohort study using the WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK.

Heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccination: initial reactogenicity data (2021)
Journal Article
Shaw, R. H., Stuart, A., Greenland, M., Liu, X., Van-Tam, J. S. N., Snape, M. D., & COM-COV Study Group. (2021). Heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccination: initial reactogenicity data. Lancet, 397(10289), 2043-2046. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2821%2901115-6

Risk of adverse outcomes in patients with underlying respiratory conditions admitted to hospital with COVID-19: a national, multicentre prospective cohort study using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK (2021)
Journal Article
Bloom, C. I., Drake, T. M., Docherty, A. B., Lipworth, B. J., Johnston, S. L., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., …Young, P. (2021). Risk of adverse outcomes in patients with underlying respiratory conditions admitted to hospital with COVID-19: a national, multicentre prospective cohort study using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 9(7), 699-711. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600%2821%2900013-8

Background Studies of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 have found varying mortality outcomes associated with underlying respiratory conditions and inhaled corticosteroid use. Using data from a national, multicentre, prospective cohort, we... Read More about Risk of adverse outcomes in patients with underlying respiratory conditions admitted to hospital with COVID-19: a national, multicentre prospective cohort study using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK.

Decline in seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness with vaccination program maturation: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2021)
Journal Article
Okoli, G. N., Racovitan, F., Abdulwahid, T., Hyder, S. K., Lansbury, L., Righolt, C. H., …Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2021). Decline in seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness with vaccination program maturation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 8(3), Article ofab069. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab069

Objectives Evidence suggests repeated influenza vaccination may reduce vaccine effectiveness (VE). Using influenza vaccination program maturation (number of years since program inception) [PM] as proxy for population-level repeated vaccination, we... Read More about Decline in seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness with vaccination program maturation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Thapsigargin Is a Broad-Spectrum Inhibitor of Major Human Respiratory Viruses: Coronavirus, Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza A Virus (2021)
Journal Article
Al-Beltagi, S., Preda, C. A., Goulding, L. V., James, J., Pu, J., Skinner, P., …Chang, K. (2021). Thapsigargin Is a Broad-Spectrum Inhibitor of Major Human Respiratory Viruses: Coronavirus, Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza A Virus. Viruses, 13(2), Article 234. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13020234

The long-term control strategy of SARS-CoV-2 and other major respiratory viruses needs to in-clude antivirals to treat acute infections, in addition to the judicious use of effective vaccines. Whilst COVID-19 vaccines are being rolled out for mass va... Read More about Thapsigargin Is a Broad-Spectrum Inhibitor of Major Human Respiratory Viruses: Coronavirus, Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza A Virus.

Early oseltamivir treatment improves survival in critically ill patients with influenza pneumonia (2021)
Journal Article
Moreno, G., Rodríguez, A., Sole-Violán, J., Martín-Loeches, I., Díaz, E., Bodí, M., …Torres, A. (2021). Early oseltamivir treatment improves survival in critically ill patients with influenza pneumonia. ERJ Open Research, 7(1), Article 00888-2020. https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00888-2020

Background The relationship between early oseltamivir treatment (within 48 h of symptom onset) and mortality in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) with severe influenza is disputed. This study aimed to investigate the association betwee... Read More about Early oseltamivir treatment improves survival in critically ill patients with influenza pneumonia.

Development and validation of the ISARIC 4C Deterioration model for adults hospitalised with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study (2021)
Journal Article
Gupta, R. K., Harrison, E. M., Ho, A., Docherty, A. B., Knight, S. R., van Smeden, M., …Young, P. (2021). Development and validation of the ISARIC 4C Deterioration model for adults hospitalised with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 9(4), 349-359. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600%2820%2930559-2

Background Prognostic models to predict the risk of clinical deterioration in acute COVID-19 cases are urgently required to inform clinical management decisions. Methods We developed and validated a multivariable logistic regression model for in... Read More about Development and validation of the ISARIC 4C Deterioration model for adults hospitalised with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study.

Risk stratification of patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: development and validation of the 4C Mortality Score (2020)
Journal Article
Knight, S. R., Ho, A., Pius, R., Buchan, I., Carson, G., Drake, T. M., …Harrison, E. M. (2020). Risk stratification of patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: development and validation of the 4C Mortality Score. BMJ, 370, Article m3339. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3339

Objective To develop and validate a pragmatic risk score to predict mortality in patients admitted to hospital with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). Design Prospective observational cohort study. Setting International Severe Acute Respiratory and... Read More about Risk stratification of patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: development and validation of the 4C Mortality Score.

Clinical characteristics of children and young people admitted to hospital with Covid-19 in United Kingdom: prospective multicentre observational cohort study (2020)
Journal Article
Swann, O. V., Holden, K. A., Turtle, L., Pollock, L., Fairfield, C. J., Drake, T. M., …Semple, M. G. (2020). Clinical characteristics of children and young people admitted to hospital with Covid-19 in United Kingdom: prospective multicentre observational cohort study. BMJ, 370, Article m3249. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3249

Objective To characterise the clinical features of children and young people admitted to hospital with laboratory confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the UK and explore factors associated with admission... Read More about Clinical characteristics of children and young people admitted to hospital with Covid-19 in United Kingdom: prospective multicentre observational cohort study.

Risk stratification of patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: development and validation of the 4C Mortality Score (2020)
Other
Knight, S. R., Ho, A., Pius, R., Buchan, I., Carson, G., Drake, T. M., …Harrison, E. M. Risk stratification of patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: development and validation of the 4C Mortality Score

Objectives To develop and validate a pragmatic risk score to predict mortality for patients admitted to hospital with covid-19. Design Prospective observational cohort study: ISARIC WHO CCP-UK study (ISARIC Coronavirus Clinical Characterisation Conso... Read More about Risk stratification of patients admitted to hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: development and validation of the 4C Mortality Score.

Influenza A (H3) illness and viral aerosol shedding from symptomatic naturally infected and experimentally infected cases (2020)
Journal Article
Bueno de Mesquita, P. J., Nguyen‐Van‐Tam, J., Killingley, B., Enstone, J., Lambkin‐Williams, R., Gilbert, A. S., …Milton, D. K. (2021). Influenza A (H3) illness and viral aerosol shedding from symptomatic naturally infected and experimentally infected cases. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 15(1), 154-163. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12790

Background It has long been known that nasal inoculation with influenza A virus produces asymptomatic to febrile infections. Uncertainty persists about whether these infections are sufficiently similar to natural infections for studying human‐to‐hum... Read More about Influenza A (H3) illness and viral aerosol shedding from symptomatic naturally infected and experimentally infected cases.

Clinical characteristics of children and young people hospitalised with covid-19 in the United Kingdom: prospective multicentre observational cohort study (2020)
Working Paper
Swann, O. V., Holden, K. A., Turtle, L., Pollock, L., Fairfield, C. J., Drake, T. M., …ISARIC Coronavirus Clinical Characterisation Consortium (ISARIC4C) Investigators. Clinical characteristics of children and young people hospitalised with covid-19 in the United Kingdom: prospective multicentre observational cohort study

Objective To characterise the clinical features of children and young people admitted to hospital with laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the UK, and explore factors associated with admissio... Read More about Clinical characteristics of children and young people hospitalised with covid-19 in the United Kingdom: prospective multicentre observational cohort study.

Minimal transmission in an influenza A (H3N2) human challenge-transmission model within a controlled exposure environment (2020)
Journal Article
Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., Killingley, B., Enstone, J., Hewitt, M., Pantelic, J., Grantham, M. L., …for the EMIT Consortium. (2020). Minimal transmission in an influenza A (H3N2) human challenge-transmission model within a controlled exposure environment. PLoS Pathogens, 16(7), Article e1008704. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008704

Uncertainty about the importance of influenza transmission by airborne droplet nuclei generates controversy for infection control. Human challenge-transmission studies have been supported as the most promising approach to fill this knowledge gap. Hea... Read More about Minimal transmission in an influenza A (H3N2) human challenge-transmission model within a controlled exposure environment.

Cumulative incidence of post?infection asthma or wheezing among young children clinically diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus infection in the United States: A retrospective database analysis (2020)
Journal Article
Nguyen‐Van‐Tam, J., Wyffels, V., Smulders, M., Mazumder, D., Tyagi, R., Gupta, N., …Fleischhackl, R. (2020). Cumulative incidence of post‐infection asthma or wheezing among young children clinically diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus infection in the United States: A retrospective database analysis. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 14(6), 730-738. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12770

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is implicated in subsequent development of asthma/wheezing (AW) among term and pre-term infants. We describe the cumulative incidence of AW among hospitalized and ambulatory neonates/infants/tod... Read More about Cumulative incidence of post?infection asthma or wheezing among young children clinically diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus infection in the United States: A retrospective database analysis.

Features of 20?133 UK patients in hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: prospective observational cohort study (2020)
Journal Article
Docherty, A. B., Harrison, E. M., Green, C. A., Hardwick, H. E., Pius, R., Norman, L., …Semple, M. G. (2020). Features of 20 133 UK patients in hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: prospective observational cohort study. BMJ, 369, Article m1985. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1985

Objective: To characterise the clinical features of patients admitted to hospital with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) in the United Kingdom during the growth phase of the first wave of this outbreak who were enrolled in the International Severe... Read More about Features of 20?133 UK patients in hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: prospective observational cohort study.

Features of 16,749 hospitalised UK patients with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol (2020)
Other
Docherty, A. B., Harrison, E. M., Green, C. A., Hardwick, H. E., Pius, R., Norman, L., …Semple, M. G. Features of 16,749 hospitalised UK patients with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol

Objective: To characterize the clinical features of patients with severe COVID-19 in the UK. Design: Prospective observational cohort study with rapid data gathering and near real-time analysis, using a pre-approved questionnaire adopted by the WHO.... Read More about Features of 16,749 hospitalised UK patients with COVID-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol.

Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine in autoimmune rheumatic diseases treated with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (2020)
Journal Article
Mallen, C. D., Nakafero, G., Grainge, M. J., Myles, P. R., Zhang, W., Doherty, M., …Abhishek, A. (2020). Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine in autoimmune rheumatic diseases treated with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Rheumatology, 59(12), 3666–3675. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keaa078

Objectives The effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine in people with autoimmune rheumatic disease (AIRDs) is not known. We investigated whether the influenza vaccine is effective in preventing respiratory morbidity, mortality and all-cause m... Read More about Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine in autoimmune rheumatic diseases treated with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs.

Corticosteroids as Adjunctive Therapy in the Treatment of Influenza: An Updated Cochrane Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2019)
Journal Article
Lansbury, L. E., Rodrigo, C., Leonardi-Bee, J., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J., & Shen Lim, W. (2020). Corticosteroids as Adjunctive Therapy in the Treatment of Influenza: An Updated Cochrane Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Critical Care Medicine, 48(2), e98-e106. https://doi.org/10.1097/ccm.0000000000004093

Objective: Corticosteroids may be beneficial in sepsis but uncertainty remains over their effects in severe influenza. This systematic review updates the current evidence regarding corticosteroids in the treatment of influenza and examines the effect... Read More about Corticosteroids as Adjunctive Therapy in the Treatment of Influenza: An Updated Cochrane Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

A novel framework for evaluating the impact of individual decision-making on public health outcomes and its potential application to study antiviral treatment collection during an influenza pandemic (2019)
Journal Article
Venkatesan, S., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J., & Siebers, P. (2019). A novel framework for evaluating the impact of individual decision-making on public health outcomes and its potential application to study antiviral treatment collection during an influenza pandemic. PLoS ONE, 14(10), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223946

© 2019 Venkatesan et al. The importance of accounting for social and behavioural processes when studying public health emergencies has been well-recognised. For infectious disease outbreaks in particular, several methods of incorporating individual b... Read More about A novel framework for evaluating the impact of individual decision-making on public health outcomes and its potential application to study antiviral treatment collection during an influenza pandemic.

Viral Kinetics and Resistance Development in Children Treated with Neuraminidase Inhibitors: The Influenza Resistance Information Study (IRIS) (2019)
Journal Article
Roosenhoff, R., Reed, V., Kenwright, A., Schutten, M., Boucher, C. A., Monto, A., …Fraaij, P. L. A. (2020). Viral Kinetics and Resistance Development in Children Treated with Neuraminidase Inhibitors: The Influenza Resistance Information Study (IRIS). Clinical Infectious Diseases, 71(5), 1186–1194. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz939

Background We studied the effect of age, baseline viral load, vaccination status, antiviral therapy, and emergence of drug resistance on viral shedding in children infected with influenza A or B virus. Methods Samples from children (aged ≤13... Read More about Viral Kinetics and Resistance Development in Children Treated with Neuraminidase Inhibitors: The Influenza Resistance Information Study (IRIS).

Neuraminidase Inhibitors and Hospital Length of Stay: A Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data to Determine Treatment Effectiveness Among Patients Hospitalized With Nonfatal 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus Infection (2019)
Journal Article
Venkatesan, S., Myles, P. R., Bolton, K. J., Muthuri, S. G., Al Khuwaitir, T., Anovadiya, A. P., …Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2020). Neuraminidase Inhibitors and Hospital Length of Stay: A Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data to Determine Treatment Effectiveness Among Patients Hospitalized With Nonfatal 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus Infection. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 221(3), 356–366. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz152

© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. BACKGROUND: The effect of neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) treatment o... Read More about Neuraminidase Inhibitors and Hospital Length of Stay: A Meta-analysis of Individual Participant Data to Determine Treatment Effectiveness Among Patients Hospitalized With Nonfatal 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) Virus Infection.

A Rapid Evidence Appraisal of influenza vaccination in health workers: an important policy in an area of imperfect evidence (2019)
Journal Article
Jenkin, D. C., Mahgoub, H., Morales, K. F., Lambach, P., & Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2019). A Rapid Evidence Appraisal of influenza vaccination in health workers: an important policy in an area of imperfect evidence. Vaccine, 2, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2019.100036

Introduction The World Health Organization recommends vaccination of health workers (HWs) against influenza, but low uptake is intransigent. We conducted a Rapid Evidence Appraisal on: the risk of influenza in HWs, transmission risk from HWs to... Read More about A Rapid Evidence Appraisal of influenza vaccination in health workers: an important policy in an area of imperfect evidence.

Association between inactivated influenza vaccine and primary care consultations for autoimmune rheumatic disease flares: a self-controlled case series study using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (2019)
Journal Article
Nakafero, G., Grainge, M. J., Myles, P., Mallen, C. D., Zhang, W., Doherty, M., …Abhishek, A. (2019). Association between inactivated influenza vaccine and primary care consultations for autoimmune rheumatic disease flares: a self-controlled case series study using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 78(8), 1122-1126. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215086

Objectives To examine the association between inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) administration and primary care consultation for joint pain, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) flare, corticosteroid prescription, vasculitis, and unexplained fever in people w... Read More about Association between inactivated influenza vaccine and primary care consultations for autoimmune rheumatic disease flares: a self-controlled case series study using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of influenza (2019)
Journal Article
Lansbury, L., Rodrigo, C., Leonardi-Bee, J., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J., & Lim, W. S. (2019). Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of influenza. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2019(2), Article CD010406. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010406.pub3

Background Specific treatments for influenza are limited to neuraminidase inhibitors and adamantanes. Corticosteroids show evidence of benefit in sepsis and related conditions, most likely due to their anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory properti... Read More about Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of influenza.

The effect of influenza virus on the human oropharyngeal microbiome (2018)
Journal Article
Ramos-Sevillano, E., Wade, W. G., Mann, A., Gilbert, A., Lambkin-Williams, R., Killingley, B., …Tang, C. M. (2019). The effect of influenza virus on the human oropharyngeal microbiome. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 68(12), 1993-2002. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy821

© The Author(s) 2018. Background. Secondary bacterial infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality associated with influenza infections. As bacterial disease can be caused by a disturbance of the host microbiome, we examined the impac... Read More about The effect of influenza virus on the human oropharyngeal microbiome.

Deposition of respiratory virus pathogens on frequently touched surfaces at airports (2018)
Journal Article
Ikonen, N., Savolainen-Kopra, C., Enstone, J. E., Kulmala, I., Pasanen, P., Salmela, A., …Ruutu, P. (2018). Deposition of respiratory virus pathogens on frequently touched surfaces at airports. BMC Infectious Diseases, 18, Article 437. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3150-5

BACKGROUND: International and national travelling has made the rapid spread of infectious diseases possible. Little information is available on the role of major traffic hubs, such as airports, in the transmission of respiratory infections, including... Read More about Deposition of respiratory virus pathogens on frequently touched surfaces at airports.

Antiviral treatment for outpatient use during an influenza pandemic: a decision tree model of outcomes averted and cost-effectiveness (2018)
Journal Article
Myles, P. R., Venkatesan, S., Carias, C., Biggerstaff, M., Campbell, A. P., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., …Meltzer, M. I. (2019). Antiviral treatment for outpatient use during an influenza pandemic: a decision tree model of outcomes averted and cost-effectiveness. Journal of Public Health, 41(2), 379–390. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdy108

Background: Many countries have acquired antiviral stockpiles for pandemic influenza mitigation and a significant part of the stockpile may be focussed towards community-based treatment. Methods: We developed a spreadsheet-based, decision tree mod... Read More about Antiviral treatment for outpatient use during an influenza pandemic: a decision tree model of outcomes averted and cost-effectiveness.

Predictors and temporal trend of flu vaccination in auto-immune rheumatic diseases in the UK: a nationwide prospective cohort study (2018)
Journal Article
Nakafero, G., Grainge, M. J., Myles, P. R., Mallen, C., Zhang, W., Doherty, M., …Abhishek, A. (2018). Predictors and temporal trend of flu vaccination in auto-immune rheumatic diseases in the UK: a nationwide prospective cohort study. Rheumatology, 57(10), 1726-1734. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/key156

Objectives: To [1] examine temporal trend in uptake of seasonal influenza vaccine (SIV) in the UK, [2] explore disease and demographic factors associated with vaccination. Methods: 32,751 people with auto-immune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) prescribed... Read More about Predictors and temporal trend of flu vaccination in auto-immune rheumatic diseases in the UK: a nationwide prospective cohort study.

Clinicians' attitude towards a placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial investigating the effect of neuraminidase inhibitors in adults hospitalised with influenza (2018)
Journal Article
Bradbury, N., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., & Lim, W. S. (2018). Clinicians' attitude towards a placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial investigating the effect of neuraminidase inhibitors in adults hospitalised with influenza. BMC Health Services Research, 18, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3122-x

Background: The value of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) in reducing severe clinical outcomes from influenza is debated. A clinical trial to generate better evidence is desirable. However, it is unknown whether UK clinicians would support a placebo c... Read More about Clinicians' attitude towards a placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial investigating the effect of neuraminidase inhibitors in adults hospitalised with influenza.

Five years of monitoring for the emergence of oseltamivir resistance in patients with influenza A infections in the Influenza Resistance Information Study (IRIS) (2018)
Journal Article
Lina, B., Boucher, C., Osterhaus, A., Monto, A. S., Schutten, M., Whitley, R. J., & Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2018). Five years of monitoring for the emergence of oseltamivir resistance in patients with influenza A infections in the Influenza Resistance Information Study (IRIS). Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 12(2), 267-278. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12534

Effects of seasonal and pandemic influenza on health-related quality of life, work and school absence in England: Results from the Flu Watch cohort study (2017)
Journal Article
Fragaszy, E. B., Warren-Gash, C., White, P. J., Zambon, M., Edmunds, W. J., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., & Hayward, A. C. (2018). Effects of seasonal and pandemic influenza on health-related quality of life, work and school absence in England: Results from the Flu Watch cohort study. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 12(1), 171-182. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12506

Background: Estimates of health?related quality of life (HRQoL) and work/school absences for influenza are typically based on medically attended cases or those meeting influenza?like?illness (ILI) case definitions and thus biased towards severe disea... Read More about Effects of seasonal and pandemic influenza on health-related quality of life, work and school absence in England: Results from the Flu Watch cohort study.

Antiviral Treatment for Pandemic Influenza: Conceptualisation of a Coupled Behavioural and Epidemic Agent-Based Simulation Model (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Venkatesan, S., Siebers, P., & Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. (2017). Antiviral Treatment for Pandemic Influenza: Conceptualisation of a Coupled Behavioural and Epidemic Agent-Based Simulation Model

Systematic review of respiratory viral pathogens identified in adults with community-acquired pneumonia in Europe (2017)
Journal Article
Alimi, Y., Lim, W., Lansbury, L. E., Leonardi-Bee, J., & Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2017). Systematic review of respiratory viral pathogens identified in adults with community-acquired pneumonia in Europe. Journal of Clinical Virology, 95, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2017.07.019

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an important respiratory disease and the fifth leading cause of mortality in Europe. The development of molecular diagnostic tests has highlighted the contributions of respiratory viruses to the aetiology of CAP,... Read More about Systematic review of respiratory viral pathogens identified in adults with community-acquired pneumonia in Europe.

Influenza in long-term care facilities (2017)
Journal Article
Lansbury, L. E., Brown, C. S., & Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2017). Influenza in long-term care facilities. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 11(5), 356-366. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12464

Long-term care facility environments and the vulnerability of their residents provide a setting conducive to the rapid spread of influenza virus and other respiratory pathogens. Infections may be introduced by staff, visitors or new or transferred re... Read More about Influenza in long-term care facilities.

Evidence synthesis and decision modelling to support complex decisions: stockpiling neuraminidase inhibitors for pandemic influenza usage (2017)
Journal Article
Watson, S. I., Chen, Y., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., Myles, P. R., Venkatesan, S., Zambon, M., …Lilford, R. J. (2017). Evidence synthesis and decision modelling to support complex decisions: stockpiling neuraminidase inhibitors for pandemic influenza usage. F1000Research, 5, Article 2293. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.9414.2

Objectives: The stockpiling of neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) antivirals as a defence against pandemic influenza is a significant public health policy decision that must be made despite a lack of conclusive evidence from randomised controlled trials r... Read More about Evidence synthesis and decision modelling to support complex decisions: stockpiling neuraminidase inhibitors for pandemic influenza usage.

Evidence synthesis and decision modelling to support complex decisions: stockpiling neuraminidase inhibitors for pandemic influenza usage (2017)
Journal Article
Watson, S. I., Chen, Y., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., Myles, P. R., Venkatesan, S., Zambon, M., …Lilford, R. J. (2017). Evidence synthesis and decision modelling to support complex decisions: stockpiling neuraminidase inhibitors for pandemic influenza usage. F1000Research, 5, Article 2293. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.9414.2

Objectives: The stockpiling of neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) antivirals as a defence against pandemic influenza is a significant public health policy decision that must be made despite a lack of conclusive evidence from randomised controlled trials r... Read More about Evidence synthesis and decision modelling to support complex decisions: stockpiling neuraminidase inhibitors for pandemic influenza usage.

Effectiveness of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2017)
Journal Article
Lansbury, L. E., Smith, S., Beyer, W., Karamehic, E., Pasic-Juhas, E., Sikira, H., …Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. (in press). Effectiveness of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Vaccine, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.02.059

Background: The clinical effectiveness of monovalent influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccines has not been comprehensively summarised. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess vaccine effectiveness (VE) for adjuvanted and unadjuvanted vacc... Read More about Effectiveness of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Impact of outpatient neuraminidase inhibitor treatment in patients infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 at high risk of hospitalization: an Individual Participant Data (IPD) meta-analysis (2017)
Journal Article
Venkatesan, S., Myles, P. R., Leonardi-Bee, J., Muthuri, S. G., Al Masri, M., Andrews, N., …Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2017). Impact of outpatient neuraminidase inhibitor treatment in patients infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 at high risk of hospitalization: an Individual Participant Data (IPD) meta-analysis. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 64(10), 1328-1334. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cix127

Background: While evidence exists to support the effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) in reducing mortality when given to hospitalized patients with A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection, the impact of outpatient treatment on hospitalization has n... Read More about Impact of outpatient neuraminidase inhibitor treatment in patients infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 at high risk of hospitalization: an Individual Participant Data (IPD) meta-analysis.

Middle East respiratory syndrome (2017)
Journal Article
Arabi, Y. M., Balkhy, H. H., Hayden, F. G., Bouchama, A., Luke, T., Baillie, J. K., …Fowler, R. A. (2017). Middle East respiratory syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine, 376(6), 584-594. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsr1408795

The Middle East respiratory syndrome is caused by a coronavirus that was first identified in Saudi Arabia in 2012. Periodic outbreaks continue to occur in the Middle East and elsewhere. This report provides the latest information on MERS.

The association between benzodiazepines and influenza-like illness-related pneumonia and mortality: a survival analysis using UK Primary Care data (2016)
Journal Article
Nakafero, G., Sanders, R. D., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., & Myles, P. R. (2016). The association between benzodiazepines and influenza-like illness-related pneumonia and mortality: a survival analysis using UK Primary Care data. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 25(11), 1263-1273. https://doi.org/10.1002/pds.4028

Purpose: Bacterial superinfections, including pneumonia, are frequent complications of influenza-like illness (ILI). Clinical and laboratory evidence suggests that benzodiazepines and Z-drugs may influence susceptibility to infections and mortality.... Read More about The association between benzodiazepines and influenza-like illness-related pneumonia and mortality: a survival analysis using UK Primary Care data.

Risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review (2016)
Journal Article
French, C. E., McKenzie, B. C., Coope, C., Rajanaidu, S., Paranthaman, K., Pebody, R., …Beck, C. R. (2016). Risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 10(4), 268-290. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12379

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes a significant public health burden, and outbreaks among vulnerable patients in hospital settings are of particular concern. We reviewed published and unpublished literature from hospital settings to assess: (i... Read More about Risk of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection and effectiveness of control measures to prevent transmission events: a systematic review.

Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of influenza (2016)
Journal Article
Rodrigo, C., Leonardi-Bee, J., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J., & Lim, W. S. (2016). Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of influenza. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Article CD010406. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010406.pub2

Background: Specific treatments for influenza are limited to neuraminidase inhibitors and adamantanes. Corticosteroids show evidence of benefit in sepsis and related conditions, most likely due to their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properti... Read More about Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of influenza.

Cohort profile: the Flu Watch Study (2016)
Journal Article
Fragaszy, E. B., Warren-Gash, C., Wang, L., Copas, A., Dukes, O., Edmunds, W. J., …Hayward, A. C. (in press). Cohort profile: the Flu Watch Study. International Journal of Epidemiology, https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyv370

Influenza is a common, highly contagious respiratory virus which infects all age groups, causing a range of outcomes from asymptomatic infection and mild respiratory disease to severe respiratory disease and death.1 If infected, the adaptive immune s... Read More about Cohort profile: the Flu Watch Study.

Impact of neuraminidase inhibitors on influenza A(H1N1)pdm09-related pneumonia: an individual participant data meta-analysis (2016)
Journal Article
Muthuri, S. G., Venkatesan, S., Myles, P. R., Leonardi-Bee, J., Lim, W. S., Al Mamun, A., …Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2016). Impact of neuraminidase inhibitors on influenza A(H1N1)pdm09-related pneumonia: an individual participant data meta-analysis. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 10(3), 192-204. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12363

BACKGROUND: The impact of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) on influenza‐related pneumonia (IRP) is not established. Our objective was to investigate the association between NAI treatment and IRP incidence and outcomes in patients hospitalised with A(H... Read More about Impact of neuraminidase inhibitors on influenza A(H1N1)pdm09-related pneumonia: an individual participant data meta-analysis.

Increased risk of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza infection in UK pig industry workers compared to a general population cohort (2016)
Journal Article
the Combating Swine Influenza (COSI) Consortium, the Flu Watch Group, Fragaszy, E., Ishola, D. A., Brown, I. H., Enstone, J., …Wood, J. L. (2016). Increased risk of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza infection in UK pig industry workers compared to a general population cohort. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 10(4), 291-300. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12364

Background: Pigs are mixing vessels for influenza viral reassortment but the extent of influenza transmission between swine and humans is not well understood. Objectives: To assess whether occupational exposure to pigs is a risk factor for human... Read More about Increased risk of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza infection in UK pig industry workers compared to a general population cohort.

The roles of transportation and transportation hubs in the propagation of influenza and coronaviruses: a systematic review (2016)
Journal Article
Browne, A., Ahmad, S. S., Beck, C. R., & Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. (in press). The roles of transportation and transportation hubs in the propagation of influenza and coronaviruses: a systematic review. Journal of Travel Medicine, 23(1), https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/tav002

BACKGROUND: Respiratory viruses spread in humans across wide geographical areas in short periods of time, resulting in high levels of morbidity and mortality. We undertook a systematic review to assess the evidence that air, ground and sea mass trans... Read More about The roles of transportation and transportation hubs in the propagation of influenza and coronaviruses: a systematic review.

The environmental deposition of influenza virus from patients infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09: Implications for infection prevention and control (2015)
Journal Article
Killingley, B., Killingley, B., Greatorex, J., Digard, P., Wise, H., Garcia, F., …Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2016). The environmental deposition of influenza virus from patients infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09: Implications for infection prevention and control. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 9(3), 278-288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2015.10.009

In a multi-center, prospective, observational study over two influenza seasons, we sought to quantify and correlate the amount of virus recovered from the nares of infected subjects with that recovered from their immediate environment in community an... Read More about The environmental deposition of influenza virus from patients infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09: Implications for infection prevention and control.

Practical prevention of nosocomial influenza transmission, 'a hierarchical control' issue (2015)
Journal Article
O'Reilly, F., Dolan, G. P., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., & Noone, P. (in press). Practical prevention of nosocomial influenza transmission, 'a hierarchical control' issue. Occupational Medicine, 65(9), https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqv155

Influenza vaccines really work? Keeping apart the true from the false (2015)
Journal Article
Nguyen-Van-Tam, J., Gross, D., Sturkenboom, M., & Parrish-Sprowl, J. (2015). Influenza vaccines really work? Keeping apart the true from the false. Vaccine, 33(49), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.08.052

A yearly seasonal flu vaccine is the best preventive method we have against influenza at this time. Even then, vaccination adoption is hampered by on-going discussions about safety and effectiveness. In order to dot the I's and cross the T's at the f... Read More about Influenza vaccines really work? Keeping apart the true from the false.

Evaluation of the ‘Live Life Better Service’, a community-based weight management service, for morbidly obese patients (2015)
Journal Article
Wallace, D., Myles, P., Holt, R., & Van-Tam, J. N. (2016). Evaluation of the ‘Live Life Better Service’, a community-based weight management service, for morbidly obese patients. Journal of Public Health, 38(2), e138-e149. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdv103

Background There is a limited evidence on the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in achieving and maintaining a significant level of weight loss in morbidly obese patients. This study evaluated the impact on weight loss and psychological wel... Read More about Evaluation of the ‘Live Life Better Service’, a community-based weight management service, for morbidly obese patients.

Natural T Cell–mediated Protection against Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza. Results of the Flu Watch Cohort Study (2015)
Journal Article
Hayward, A. C., Wang, L., Goonetilleke, N., Fragaszy, E. B., Bermingham, A., Copas, A., …McMichael, A. J. (2015). Natural T Cell–mediated Protection against Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza. Results of the Flu Watch Cohort Study. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 191(12), 1422-1431. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201411-1988oc

Rationale: A high proportion of influenza infections are asymptomatic. Animal and human challenge studies and observational studies suggest T cells protect against disease among those infected, but the impact of T-cell immunity at the population leve... Read More about Natural T Cell–mediated Protection against Seasonal and Pandemic Influenza. Results of the Flu Watch Cohort Study.

Association between benzodiazepine use and exacerbations and mortality in patients with asthma: a matched case-control and survival analysis using the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink (2015)
Journal Article
Nakafero, G., Sanders, R. D., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., & Myles, P. R. (2015). Association between benzodiazepine use and exacerbations and mortality in patients with asthma: a matched case-control and survival analysis using the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 24(8), 793-802. https://doi.org/10.1002/pds.3799

Purpose: To investigate the association between the GABAergic drugs, benzodiazepines or zopiclone, and the occurrence of asthma exacerbations and subsequent mortality in a cohort of asthma patients. Methods: 105,747 patients without asthma exacerba... Read More about Association between benzodiazepine use and exacerbations and mortality in patients with asthma: a matched case-control and survival analysis using the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

From the Editor's desk (2015)
Journal Article
Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2015). From the Editor's desk. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 9(3), https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12311

Healthcare workers' willingness to work during an influenza pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2015)
Journal Article
Aoyagi, Y., Beck, C. R., Dingwall, R., & Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. (2015). Healthcare workers' willingness to work during an influenza pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 9(3), 120-130. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12310

To estimate the proportion of healthcare workers (HCWs) willing to work during an influenza pandemic and identify associated risk factors, we undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis compliant with PRISMA guidance. Databases and grey literatur... Read More about Healthcare workers' willingness to work during an influenza pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Blinded randomised controlled trial of low-dose Adjuvant Steroids in Adults admitted to hospital with Pandemic influenza (ASAP): a trial 'in hibernation', ready for rapid activation (2015)
Journal Article
Lim, W. S., Brittain, C., Duley, L., Edwards, S., Gordon, S., Montgomery, A., …Wootton, D. (2015). Blinded randomised controlled trial of low-dose Adjuvant Steroids in Adults admitted to hospital with Pandemic influenza (ASAP): a trial 'in hibernation', ready for rapid activation. Health Technology Assessment, 19(16), https://doi.org/10.3310/hta19160

Background: There are no completed randomised trials of the use of corticosteroids in patients with severe influenza infection. Corticosteroid use in influenza is widespread, non-systematic and marked by controversy. A recent meta-analysis of observa... Read More about Blinded randomised controlled trial of low-dose Adjuvant Steroids in Adults admitted to hospital with Pandemic influenza (ASAP): a trial 'in hibernation', ready for rapid activation.

Impact of infection control interventions on rates of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in National Health Service acute hospitals, East Midlands, UK, using interrupted time-series analysis (2015)
Journal Article
Newitt, S., Myles, P. R., Birkin, J., Maskell, V., Slack, R., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J., & Szatkowski, L. (in press). Impact of infection control interventions on rates of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in National Health Service acute hospitals, East Midlands, UK, using interrupted time-series analysis. Journal of Hospital Infection, 90(1), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2014.12.016

Background: Reducing healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) is a UK national priority. Multiple national and regional interventions aimed at reduction have been implemented in National Health Service acute hospitals, but assessment of their effective... Read More about Impact of infection control interventions on rates of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in National Health Service acute hospitals, East Midlands, UK, using interrupted time-series analysis.

Use of neuraminidase inhibitors for rapid containment of influenza: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual and household transmission studies (2014)
Journal Article
Okoli, G., Otete, H., Beck, C., & Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. (2014). Use of neuraminidase inhibitors for rapid containment of influenza: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual and household transmission studies. PLoS ONE, 9(12), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113633

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors for use in rapid containment of influenza. Method: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the PRISMA statement. Healthcare databases and sources of gr... Read More about Use of neuraminidase inhibitors for rapid containment of influenza: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual and household transmission studies.

Neuraminidase inhibitors: who, when, where? (2014)
Journal Article
Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., Venkatesan, S., Muthuri, S. G., & Myles, P. R. (2015). Neuraminidase inhibitors: who, when, where?. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 21(3), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2014.11.020

Although the neuraminidase inhibitors (NIs), oseltamivir and zanamivir were first licensed in 1999, their clinical effectiveness is still hotly debated. Two rigorous systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the data from clinical trials conducted in c... Read More about Neuraminidase inhibitors: who, when, where?.

Cochrane column (2014)
Journal Article
Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., & Nicholson, K. G. (2014). Cochrane column. International Journal of Epidemiology, 43(6), https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyu219

Effect of Corticosteroid Therapy on Influenza-Related Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2014)
Journal Article
Rodrigo, C., Leonardi-Bee, J., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., & Lim, W. S. (2015). Effect of Corticosteroid Therapy on Influenza-Related Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 212(2), 183-194. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiu645

Background: Most studies have reported that corticosteroid therapy adversely influences influenza-related outcomes. Methods: Electronic databases were searched from inception to March 2013 for experimental and observational studies investigating s... Read More about Effect of Corticosteroid Therapy on Influenza-Related Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza complications: authors' reply (2014)
Journal Article
Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., Openshaw, P. J., & Nicholson, K. (in press). Neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza complications: authors' reply. Lancet, 384(9950), https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2814%2961762-1

A cluster-randomised controlled trial to test the efficacy of facemasks in preventing respiratory viral infection among Hajj pilgrims (2014)
Journal Article
Wang, M., Barasheed, O., Rashid, H., Booy, R., El Bashir, H., Haworth, E., …Heron, L. (in press). A cluster-randomised controlled trial to test the efficacy of facemasks in preventing respiratory viral infection among Hajj pilgrims. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, 5(2), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jegh.2014.08.002

BACKGROUND: Cost-effective interventions are needed to control the transmission of viral respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in mass gatherings. Facemasks are a promising preventive measure, however, previous studies on the efficacy of facemasks have... Read More about A cluster-randomised controlled trial to test the efficacy of facemasks in preventing respiratory viral infection among Hajj pilgrims.

Effectiveness of travel restrictions in the rapid containment of human influenza: a systematic review (2014)
Journal Article
Mateus, A., Otete, H. E., Beck, C. R., Dolan, G. P., & Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (in press). Effectiveness of travel restrictions in the rapid containment of human influenza: a systematic review. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 92(12), Article 868-880d. https://doi.org/10.2471/blt.14.135590

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of internal and international travel restrictions in the rapid containment of influenza. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review according to the requirements of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systemati... Read More about Effectiveness of travel restrictions in the rapid containment of human influenza: a systematic review.

Accumulation of human-adapting mutations during circulation of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus in humans in the United Kingdom (2014)
Journal Article
Elderfield, R. A., Watson, S. J., Godlee, A., Adamson, W. E., Thompson, C. I., Dunning, J., …Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. (in press). Accumulation of human-adapting mutations during circulation of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus in humans in the United Kingdom. Journal of Virology, 88(22), https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01636-14

The influenza pandemic that emerged in 2009 provided an unprecedented opportunity to study adaptation of a virus recently acquired from an animal source during human transmission. In the United Kingdom, the novel virus spread in three temporally dist... Read More about Accumulation of human-adapting mutations during circulation of A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza virus in humans in the United Kingdom.

Influenza vaccination among Australian Hajj pilgrims: uptake, attitudes, and barriers (2014)
Journal Article
Barasheed, O., Rashid, H., Heron, L., Ridda, I., Haworth, E., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., …Booy, R. (2014). Influenza vaccination among Australian Hajj pilgrims: uptake, attitudes, and barriers. Journal of Travel Medicine, 21(6), https://doi.org/10.1111/jtm.12146

Background: Hajj is the largest annual mass gathering where the risk of respiratory infection is high. Although the Saudi Arabian authority recommends influenza vaccination for Hajj pilgrims, the uptake is variable. Influenza vaccine uptake data amon... Read More about Influenza vaccination among Australian Hajj pilgrims: uptake, attitudes, and barriers.

Effect of ethnicity on care pathway and outcomes in patients hospitalized with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in the UK (2014)
Journal Article
Nyland, G., McKenzie, B., Myles, P. R., Semple, M., Lim, W., Openshaw, P. J., …Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. (in press). Effect of ethnicity on care pathway and outcomes in patients hospitalized with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in the UK. Epidemiology and Infection, 143(6), https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268814001873

Data were extracted from the case records of UK patients admitted with laboratory-confirmed influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. White and non-White patients were characterized by age, sex, socioeconomic status, pandemic wave and indicators of pre-morbid health s... Read More about Effect of ethnicity on care pathway and outcomes in patients hospitalized with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in the UK.

The Effectiveness of Convalescent Plasma and Hyperimmune Immunoglobulin for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Infections of Viral Etiology: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-analysis (2014)
Journal Article
Convalescent Plasma Study Group, Mair-Jenkins, J., Saavedra-Campos, M., Baillie, J. K., Cleary, P., Khaw, F., …Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2015). The Effectiveness of Convalescent Plasma and Hyperimmune Immunoglobulin for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Infections of Viral Etiology: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-analysis. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 211(1), 80-90. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiu396

Background: Administration of convalescent plasma, serum, or hyperimmune immunoglobulin may be of clinical benefit for treatment of severe acute respiratory infections (SARIs) of viral etiology. We conducted a systematic review and exploratory meta-a... Read More about The Effectiveness of Convalescent Plasma and Hyperimmune Immunoglobulin for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Infections of Viral Etiology: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-analysis.

Reply: Letter to the editor, Cochrane rearranged (2014)
Journal Article
Beyer, W., McElhaney, J., Smith, D., Monto, A., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., & Osterhaus, A. (2015). Reply: Letter to the editor, Cochrane rearranged. Vaccine, 33(1), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.05.045

Antivirals for influenza: where now for clinical practice and pandemic preparedness? (2014)
Journal Article
Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., Openshaw, P. J., & Nicholson, K. (in press). Antivirals for influenza: where now for clinical practice and pandemic preparedness?. Lancet, 384(9941), https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736%2814%2960726-1

Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors in reducing mortality in patients admitted to hospital with influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection: a meta-analysis of individual participant data (2014)
Journal Article
Muthuri, S. G., Venkatesan, S., Myles, P. R., Leonardi-Bee, J., Al Khuwaitir, T. S., Al Mamun, A., …Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. (2014). Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors in reducing mortality in patients admitted to hospital with influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection: a meta-analysis of individual participant data. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 2(5), https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600%2814%2970041-4

Neuraminidase inhibitors were widely used during the 2009/10 influenza A H1N1 pandemic, but evidence for their effectiveness in reducing mortality is uncertain. We did a meta-analysis of individual participant data to investigate the association betw... Read More about Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors in reducing mortality in patients admitted to hospital with influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Principal author of PRIDE study responds to news story in the BMJ claiming that the study was based on "flawed" analysis (2014)
Journal Article
Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2014). Principal author of PRIDE study responds to news story in the BMJ claiming that the study was based on "flawed" analysis. BMJ, 348, Article g2935. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g2935

Comparative community burden and severity of seasonal and pandemic influenza: results of the Flu Watch cohort study (2014)
Journal Article
Hayward, A. C., Fragaszy, E. B., Bermingham, A., Wang, L., Copas, A., Edmunds, W. J., …Zambon, M. (in press). Comparative community burden and severity of seasonal and pandemic influenza: results of the Flu Watch cohort study. Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 2(6), https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600%2814%2970034-7

BACKGROUND: Assessment of the effect of influenza on populations, including risk of infection, illness if infected, illness severity, and consultation rates, is essential to inform future control and prevention. We aimed to compare the community burd... Read More about Comparative community burden and severity of seasonal and pandemic influenza: results of the Flu Watch cohort study.

The first recorded outbreak of cryptosporidiosis due to Cryptosporidium cuniculus (formerly rabbit genotype), following a water quality incident (2013)
Journal Article
Puleston, R. L., Mallaghan, C. M., Modha, D. E., Hunter, P. R., Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., Regan, C. M., …Chalmers, R. M. (2014). The first recorded outbreak of cryptosporidiosis due to Cryptosporidium cuniculus (formerly rabbit genotype), following a water quality incident. Journal of Water and Health, 12(1), https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2013.097

Background: We report the first identified outbreak of cryptosporidiosis with Cryptosporidium cuniculus following a water quality incident in Northamptonshire, UK. Methods: A standardised, enhanced Cryptosporidium exposure questionnaire was adminis... Read More about The first recorded outbreak of cryptosporidiosis due to Cryptosporidium cuniculus (formerly rabbit genotype), following a water quality incident.