Professor PENNY GOWLAND's Outputs (15)

MR Measures of Small Bowel Wall T2 Are Associated With Increased Permeability (2020)
Journal Article
Scott, R. A., Williams, H. G., Hoad, C. L., Alyami, A., Ortori, C. A., Grove, J. I., …Gowland, P. A. (2021). MR Measures of Small Bowel Wall T2 Are Associated With Increased Permeability. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 53(5), 1422-1431. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.27463

Background: Increased small bowel permeability leads to bacterial translocation, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Biomarkers are needed to evaluate these changes in vivo, stratify an individual's risk, and evaluate the efficacy of... Read More about MR Measures of Small Bowel Wall T2 Are Associated With Increased Permeability.

Measurement of fasted state gastric antral motility before and after a standard bioavailability and bioequivalence 240 mL drink of water: Validation of MRI method against concomitant perfused manometry in healthy participants (2020)
Journal Article
Heissam, K., Abrehart, N., Hoad, C. L., Wright, J., Menys, A., Murray, K., …Marciani, L. (2020). Measurement of fasted state gastric antral motility before and after a standard bioavailability and bioequivalence 240 mL drink of water: Validation of MRI method against concomitant perfused manometry in healthy participants. PLoS ONE, 15(11), e0241441. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241441

Objective The gastrointestinal environment in which drug products need to disintegrate before the drug can dissolve and be absorbed has not been studied in detail due to limitations, especially invasiveness of existing techniques. Minimal in vivo dat... Read More about Measurement of fasted state gastric antral motility before and after a standard bioavailability and bioequivalence 240 mL drink of water: Validation of MRI method against concomitant perfused manometry in healthy participants.

Reward Versus Nonreward Sensitivity of the Medial Versus Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex Relates to the Severity of Depressive Symptoms (2020)
Journal Article
Xie, C., Jia, T., Rolls, E. T., Robbins, T. W., Sahakian, B. J., Zhang, J., …Zhang, Y. (2021). Reward Versus Nonreward Sensitivity of the Medial Versus Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex Relates to the Severity of Depressive Symptoms. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, 6(3), 259-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.08.017

Background
The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is implicated in depression. The hypothesis investigated was whether the OFC sensitivity to reward and nonreward is related to the severity of depressive symptoms.

Methods
Activations in the monetary inc... Read More about Reward Versus Nonreward Sensitivity of the Medial Versus Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex Relates to the Severity of Depressive Symptoms.

Age-related differences in myeloarchitecture measured at 7 T (2020)
Journal Article
Carradus, A. J., Mougin, O., Hunt, B. A., Tewarie, P. K., Geades, N., Morris, P. G., …Madan, C. R. (2020). Age-related differences in myeloarchitecture measured at 7 T. Neurobiology of Aging, 96, 246-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.08.009

We have used the magnetisation transfer (MT) MRI measure as a primary measure of myelination in both the grey matter (GM) of the 78 cortical automated anatomical labelling (AAL) regions of the brain, and the underlying white matter in each region, in... Read More about Age-related differences in myeloarchitecture measured at 7 T.

Feasibility Study of a New MRI Mini-Capsule Device to Measure Whole Gut Transit Time in Pediatric Constipation (2020)
Journal Article
Sharif, H., Abrehart, N., Hoad, C., Murray, K., Perkins, A., Smith, M., …Marciani, L. (2020). Feasibility Study of a New MRI Mini-Capsule Device to Measure Whole Gut Transit Time in Pediatric Constipation. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 71(5), 604-611. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000002910

Objective: In England, 27,500 children are referred annually to hospital with constipation. An objective measure of whole gut transit time (WGTT) could aid management. The current standard WGTT assessment, the X-ray radiopaque marker (ROM) test, give... Read More about Feasibility Study of a New MRI Mini-Capsule Device to Measure Whole Gut Transit Time in Pediatric Constipation.

Processing Apples to Puree or Juice Speeds Gastric Emptying and Reduces Postprandial Intestinal Volumes and Satiety in Healthy Adults (2020)
Journal Article
Krishnasamy, S., Lomer, M. C. E., Marciani, L., Hoad, C. L., Pritchard, S. E., Paul, J., …Spiller, R. C. (2020). Processing Apples to Puree or Juice Speeds Gastric Emptying and Reduces Postprandial Intestinal Volumes and Satiety in Healthy Adults. Journal of Nutrition, 150(11), 2890-2899. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa191

Background: Whole apples produce greater satiety than processed apples, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
Objective: Our aim was to assess the intragastric processing of apple preparations and the associated small and large bowel conten... Read More about Processing Apples to Puree or Juice Speeds Gastric Emptying and Reduces Postprandial Intestinal Volumes and Satiety in Healthy Adults.

Assessing the impact of posture on diaphragm morphology and function using an open upright MRI system – a pilot study (2020)
Journal Article
Safavi, S., Arthofer, C., Cooper, A., Harkin, J. W., Prayle, A. P., Sovani, M. P., …Hall, I. P. (2020). Assessing the impact of posture on diaphragm morphology and function using an open upright MRI system – a pilot study. European Journal of Radiology, 130, Article 109196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109196

Purpose
The diaphragm is the most important muscle of respiration. Disorders of the diaphragm can have a deleterious impact on respiratory function. We aimed to evaluate the use of an open-configuration upright low-field MRI system to assess diaphra... Read More about Assessing the impact of posture on diaphragm morphology and function using an open upright MRI system – a pilot study.

The MRI colonic function test: Reproducibility of the Macrogol stimulus challenge (2020)
Journal Article
Wilkinson-Smith, V., Menys, A., Bradley, C., Corsetti, M., Marciani, L., Atkinson, D., …Hoad, C. (2020). The MRI colonic function test: Reproducibility of the Macrogol stimulus challenge. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 32(11), Article e13942. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13942

Background

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the colonic response to a macrogol challenge drink can be used to assess the mechanisms underlying severe constipation. We measured the intra-subject reproducibility of MRI measures of colonic funct... Read More about The MRI colonic function test: Reproducibility of the Macrogol stimulus challenge.

Development of Disordered Eating Behaviors and Comorbid Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence: Neural and Psychopathological Predictors (2020)
Journal Article
Zhang, Z., Robinson, L., Jia, T., Quinlan, E. B., Tay, N., Chu, C., …Desrivières, S. (2021). Development of Disordered Eating Behaviors and Comorbid Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence: Neural and Psychopathological Predictors. Biological Psychiatry, 90(12), 853-862. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.06.003

BACKGROUND:
Eating disorders are common in adolescence, devastating and strongly comorbid with other psychiatric disorders. Yet, little is known about their etiology to develop effective preventive measures.

METHODS:
Longitudinal assessments of... Read More about Development of Disordered Eating Behaviors and Comorbid Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence: Neural and Psychopathological Predictors.

The haemodynamics of the human placenta in utero (2020)
Journal Article
Dellschaft, N. S., Hutchinson, G., Shah, S., Jones, N. W., Bradley, C., Leach, L., …Gowland, P. A. (2020). The haemodynamics of the human placenta in utero. PLoS Biology, 18(5), Article e3000676. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000676

© 2020 Dellschaft et al. We have used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to provide important new insights into the function of the human placenta in utero. We have measured slow net flow and high net oxygenation in the placenta in vivo, which are cons... Read More about The haemodynamics of the human placenta in utero.

Neural correlates of the dual pathway model for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adolescents (2020)
Journal Article
Shen, C., Luo, Q., Jia, T., Zhao, Q., Desrivières, S., Quinlan, E., …Sahakian, B. J. (2020). Neural correlates of the dual pathway model for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adolescents. American Journal of Psychiatry, 177(9), 844-854. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.19020183

Objective:

The dual-pathway model has been proposed to explain the heterogeneity in symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by two independent psychological pathways based on distinct brain circuits. The authors sought to test... Read More about Neural correlates of the dual pathway model for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adolescents.

Neurobehavioural characterisation and stratification of reinforcement-related behaviour (2020)
Journal Article
Jia, T., Ing, A., Burke Quinlan, E., Tay, N., Luo, Q., Francesca, B., …Schumann, G. (2020). Neurobehavioural characterisation and stratification of reinforcement-related behaviour. Nature Human Behaviour, 4, 544–558. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0846-5

Reinforcement-related cognitive processes, such as reward processing, inhibitory control and social-emotional regulation are critical components of externalising and internalising behaviours. It is unclear to what extent the deficit in each of these... Read More about Neurobehavioural characterisation and stratification of reinforcement-related behaviour.

Simultaneous measurement of gastric emptying of a soup test meal using MRI and gamma scintigraphy (2020)
Journal Article
Khalaf, A., Hoad, C. L., Blackshaw, E., Alyami, J., Spiller, R. C., Gowland, P. A., …Marciani, L. (2020). Simultaneous measurement of gastric emptying of a soup test meal using MRI and gamma scintigraphy. Diagnostics, 10(3), Article 170. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10030170

Measurement of gastric emptying is of clinical value for a range of conditions. Gamma scintigraphy (GS) has an established role, but the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has recently increased. Previous comparison studies between MRI and GS sh... Read More about Simultaneous measurement of gastric emptying of a soup test meal using MRI and gamma scintigraphy.

Cortical thickness and formal thought disorder in schizophrenia: An ultra high-field network-based morphometry study (2020)
Journal Article
Palaniyappan, L., Al-Radaideh, A., Gowland, P. A., & Liddle, P. F. (2020). Cortical thickness and formal thought disorder in schizophrenia: An ultra high-field network-based morphometry study. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 101, Article 109911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109911

Background

Persistent formal thought disorder (FTD) is a core feature of schizophrenia. Recent cognitive and neuroimaging studies indicate a distinct mechanistic pathway underlying the persistent positive FTD (pFTD or disorganized thinking), thoug... Read More about Cortical thickness and formal thought disorder in schizophrenia: An ultra high-field network-based morphometry study.

Human hippocampal CA3 damage disrupts both recent and remote episodic memories (2020)
Journal Article
Miller, T. D., Chong, T. T.-J., Aimola Davies, A. M., Johnson, M. R., Irani, S. R., Husain, M., …Rosenthal, C. R. (2020). Human hippocampal CA3 damage disrupts both recent and remote episodic memories. eLife, 2020(9), Article 41836. https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.41836

Neocortical-hippocampal interactions support new episodic (event) memories, but there is conflicting evidence about the dependence of remote episodic memories on the hippocampus. In line with systems consolidation and computational theories of episod... Read More about Human hippocampal CA3 damage disrupts both recent and remote episodic memories.