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Use of a new proximity assay (NanoBRET) to investigate the ligand-binding characteristics of three fluorescent ligands to the human?1-adrenoceptor expressed in HEK-293 cells (2016)
Journal Article
Soave, M., Stoddart, L. A., Brown, A., Woolard, J., & Hill, S. J. (2016). Use of a new proximity assay (NanoBRET) to investigate the ligand-binding characteristics of three fluorescent ligands to the human?1-adrenoceptor expressed in HEK-293 cells. Pharmacology Research and Perspectives, 4(5), Article e00250. https://doi.org/10.1002/prp2.250

Previous research has indicated that allosteric interactions across the dimer interface of β1-adrenoceptors may be responsible for a secondary low affinity binding conformation. Here we have investigated the potential for probe dependence, in the det... Read More about Use of a new proximity assay (NanoBRET) to investigate the ligand-binding characteristics of three fluorescent ligands to the human?1-adrenoceptor expressed in HEK-293 cells.

The use of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to characterize the molecular mobility of fluorescently labelled G protein-coupled receptors (2016)
Journal Article
Kilpatrick, L. E., & Hill, S. J. (in press). The use of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to characterize the molecular mobility of fluorescently labelled G protein-coupled receptors. Biochemical Society Transactions, 44(2), https://doi.org/10.1042/BST20150285

The membranes of living cells have been shown to be highly organized into distinct microdomains, which has spatial and temporal consequences for the interaction of membrane bound receptors and their signalling partners as complexes. Fluorescence corr... Read More about The use of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to characterize the molecular mobility of fluorescently labelled G protein-coupled receptors.

Fragment-Based Discovery of Subtype-Selective Adenosine Receptor Ligands from Homology Models (2015)
Journal Article
Ranganathan, A., Stoddart, L. A., Hill, S. J., & Carlsson, J. (2015). Fragment-Based Discovery of Subtype-Selective Adenosine Receptor Ligands from Homology Models. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 58(24), 9578-9590. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01120

Fragment-based lead discovery (FBLD) holds great promise for drug discovery, but applications to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been limited by a lack of sensitive screening techniques and scarce structural information. If virtual screening... Read More about Fragment-Based Discovery of Subtype-Selective Adenosine Receptor Ligands from Homology Models.

Application of BRET to monitor ligand binding to GPCRs (2015)
Journal Article
Stoddart, L. A., Johnstone, E. K., Wheal, A. J., Goulding, J., Robers, M. B., Machleidt, T., …Pfleger, K. D. (in press). Application of BRET to monitor ligand binding to GPCRs. Nature Methods, 12, https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.3398

Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) is a well-established method for investigating protein-protein interactions. Here we present a BRET approach to monitor ligand binding to G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the surface of living ce... Read More about Application of BRET to monitor ligand binding to GPCRs.

Direct visualisation of internalization of the adenosine A3 receptor and localization with arrestin3 using a fluorescent agonist (2015)
Journal Article
Stoddart, L. A., Vernall, A. J., Briddon, S. J., Kellam, B., & Hill, S. J. (2015). Direct visualisation of internalization of the adenosine A3 receptor and localization with arrestin3 using a fluorescent agonist. Neuropharmacology, 98, 68-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.04.013

Fluorescence based probes provide a novel way to study the dynamic internalization process of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Recent advances in the rational design of fluorescent ligands for GPCRs have been used here to generate new fluorescent... Read More about Direct visualisation of internalization of the adenosine A3 receptor and localization with arrestin3 using a fluorescent agonist.

Negative cooperativity across ?1-adrenoceptor homodimers provides insights into the nature of the secondary low-affinity CGP 12177 ?1-adrenoceptor binding conformation (2015)
Journal Article
Gherbi, K., May, L. T., Baker, J. G., Briddon, S. J., & Hill, S. J. (2015). Negative cooperativity across ?1-adrenoceptor homodimers provides insights into the nature of the secondary low-affinity CGP 12177 ?1-adrenoceptor binding conformation. FASEB Journal, 29(7), 2859-2871. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.14-265199

At the β1-adrenoceptor, CGP 12177 potently antagonizes agonist responses at the primary high-affinity catecholamine conformation while also exerting agonist effects of its own through a secondary low-affinity conformation. A recent mutagenesis study... Read More about Negative cooperativity across ?1-adrenoceptor homodimers provides insights into the nature of the secondary low-affinity CGP 12177 ?1-adrenoceptor binding conformation.

Effects of receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors on VEGF165a- and VEGF165b-stimulated gene transcription in HEK-293 cells expressing human VEGFR2 (2015)
Journal Article
Carter, J. J., Wheal, A. J., Hill, S. J., & Woolard, J. (2015). Effects of receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors on VEGF165a- and VEGF165b-stimulated gene transcription in HEK-293 cells expressing human VEGFR2. British Journal of Pharmacology, 172(12), https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.13116

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKIs) targeted at VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) have proved to be attractive approaches to cancer therapy based on their ability to reduce angiogenesis. Here we have undertaken a quantitative... Read More about Effects of receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors on VEGF165a- and VEGF165b-stimulated gene transcription in HEK-293 cells expressing human VEGFR2.

Kinetic analysis of antagonist-occupied adenosine-A3 receptors within membrane microdomains of individual cells provides evidence of receptor dimerization and allosterism (2014)
Journal Article
Corriden, R., Kilpatrick, L. E., Kellam, B., Briddon, S. J., & Hill, S. J. (2014). Kinetic analysis of antagonist-occupied adenosine-A3 receptors within membrane microdomains of individual cells provides evidence of receptor dimerization and allosterism. FASEB Journal, 28(10), 4211-4222. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.13-247270

© The Author(s). In our previous work, using a fluorescent adenosine-A3 receptor (A3AR) agonist and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), we demonstrated highaffinity labeling of the active receptor (R∗) conformation. In the current study, we... Read More about Kinetic analysis of antagonist-occupied adenosine-A3 receptors within membrane microdomains of individual cells provides evidence of receptor dimerization and allosterism.

Effect of a toggle switch mutation in TM6 of the human adenosine A3 receptor on Gi protein-dependent signalling and Gi-independent receptor internalization (2014)
Journal Article
Stoddart, L. A., Kellam, B., Briddon, S. J., & Hill, S. J. (2014). Effect of a toggle switch mutation in TM6 of the human adenosine A3 receptor on Gi protein-dependent signalling and Gi-independent receptor internalization. British Journal of Pharmacology, 171(16), https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.12739

Background and Purpose: The highly conserved tryptophan (W6.48) in transmembrane domain 6 of GPCRs has been shown to play a central role in forming an active conformation in response to agonist binding. We set out to characterize the effect of this m... Read More about Effect of a toggle switch mutation in TM6 of the human adenosine A3 receptor on Gi protein-dependent signalling and Gi-independent receptor internalization.

Allosteric interactions at adenosine A1 and A3 receptors: new insights into the role of small molecules and receptor dimerization (2014)
Journal Article
Hill, S. J., May, L. T., Kellam, B., & Woolard, J. (2014). Allosteric interactions at adenosine A1 and A3 receptors: new insights into the role of small molecules and receptor dimerization. British Journal of Pharmacology, 171(5), https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.12345

Keywords:adenosine;allosterism;receptor;GPCR;dimerization;biased signalling The purine nucleoside adenosine is present in all cells in tightly regulated concentrations. It is released under a variety of physiological and pathophysiological condition... Read More about Allosteric interactions at adenosine A1 and A3 receptors: new insights into the role of small molecules and receptor dimerization.

The evolving small-molecule fluorescent-conjugate toolbox for Class A GPCRs (2014)
Journal Article
Vernall, A. J., Hill, S. J., & Kellam, B. (2014). The evolving small-molecule fluorescent-conjugate toolbox for Class A GPCRs. British Journal of Pharmacology, 171(5), https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.12265

The past decade has witnessed fluorescently tagged drug molecules gaining significant attraction in their use as pharmacological tools with which to visualize and interrogate receptor targets at the single-cell level. Additionally, one can generate d... Read More about The evolving small-molecule fluorescent-conjugate toolbox for Class A GPCRs.

Monoclonal anti-?1-adrenergic receptor antibodies activate G protein signaling in the absence of ?-arrestin recruitment (2013)
Journal Article
Hutchings, C. J., Cseke, G., Osborne, G., Woolard, J., Zhukov, A., Koglin, M., …Marshall, F. H. (2014). Monoclonal anti-β1-adrenergic receptor antibodies activate G protein signaling in the absence of β-arrestin recruitment. mAbs, 6(1), 246-261. https://doi.org/10.4161/mabs.27226

Thermostabilized G protein-coupled receptors used as antigens for in vivo immunization have resulted in the generation of functional agonistic anti-?1-adrenergic (?1AR) receptor monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The focus of this study was to examine the... Read More about Monoclonal anti-?1-adrenergic receptor antibodies activate G protein signaling in the absence of ?-arrestin recruitment.

Conversion of a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist into A 3-selective high affinity fluorescent probes using peptide-based linkers (2013)
Journal Article
Vernall, A. J., Stoddart, L. A., Briddon, S. J., Ng, H. W., Laughton, C. A., Doughty, S. W., …Kellam, B. (2013). Conversion of a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist into A 3-selective high affinity fluorescent probes using peptide-based linkers. Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, 11(34), 5673-5682. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ob41221k

Advances in fluorescence-based imaging technologies have helped propel the study of real-time biological readouts and analysis across many different areas. In particular the use of fluorescent ligands as chemical tools to study proteins such as G pro... Read More about Conversion of a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist into A 3-selective high affinity fluorescent probes using peptide-based linkers.

Adenosine-A3 receptors in neutrophil microdomains promote the formation of bacteria-tethering cytonemes (2013)
Journal Article
Corriden, R., Self, T., Akong-Moore, K., Nizet, V., Kellam, B., Briddon, S. J., & Hill, S. J. (2013). Adenosine-A3 receptors in neutrophil microdomains promote the formation of bacteria-tethering cytonemes. EMBO Reports, 14(8), https://doi.org/10.1038/embor.2013.89

The A3‐adenosine receptor (A3AR) has recently emerged as a key regulator of neutrophil behaviour. Using a fluorescent A3AR ligand, we show that A3ARs aggregate in highly polarized immunomodulatory microdomains on human neutrophil membranes. In additi... Read More about Adenosine-A3 receptors in neutrophil microdomains promote the formation of bacteria-tethering cytonemes.

Synthesis and in vitro and in vivo characterization of highly ?1-Selective ?-Adrenoceptor partial agonists (2013)
Journal Article
Mistry, S. N., Baker, J. G., Fischer, P. M., Hill, S. J., Gardiner, S. M., & Kellam, B. (2013). Synthesis and in vitro and in vivo characterization of highly ?1-Selective ?-Adrenoceptor partial agonists. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 56(10), https://doi.org/10.1021/jm400348g

β-Adrenoceptor antagonists boast a 50-year use for symptomatic control in numerous cardiovascular diseases. One might expect highly selective antagonists are available for the human β-adrenoceptor subtype involved in these diseases, yet few truly β1-... Read More about Synthesis and in vitro and in vivo characterization of highly ?1-Selective ?-Adrenoceptor partial agonists.

Synthesis and characterization of high-affinity 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-labeled fluorescent ligands for human ?-adrenoceptors (2011)
Journal Article
Baker, J. G., Adams, L. A., Salchow, K., Mistry, S. N., Middleton, R. J., Hill, S. J., & Kellam, B. (2011). Synthesis and characterization of high-affinity 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-labeled fluorescent ligands for human ?-adrenoceptors. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 54(19), 6874-6887. doi:10.1021/jm2008562

The growing practice of exploiting noninvasive fluorescence-based techniques to study G protein-coupled receptor pharmacology at the single cell and single molecule level demands the availability of high-quality fluorescent ligands. To this end, this... Read More about Synthesis and characterization of high-affinity 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-labeled fluorescent ligands for human ?-adrenoceptors.