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Kinetics of lithium peroxide oxidation by redox mediators and consequences for the lithium–oxygen cell (2018)
Journal Article
Chen, Y., Gao, X., Johnson, L. R., & Bruce, P. G. (in press). Kinetics of lithium peroxide oxidation by redox mediators and consequences for the lithium–oxygen cell. Nature Communications, 9, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03204-0

Lithium–oxygen cells in which lithium peroxide forms in solution rather than on the electrode surface, can sustain relatively high cycling rates but require redox mediators to charge. The mediators are oxidised at the electrode surface and then oxidi... Read More about Kinetics of lithium peroxide oxidation by redox mediators and consequences for the lithium–oxygen cell.

Operando monitoring of the solution-mediated discharge and charge processes in a Na-O2 battery using liquid-electrochemical Transmission Electron Microscopy (2018)
Journal Article
Lutz, L., Dachraoui, W., Demortière, A., Johnson, L. R., Bruce, P. G., Grimaud, A., & Tarascon, J. (in press). Operando monitoring of the solution-mediated discharge and charge processes in a Na-O2 battery using liquid-electrochemical Transmission Electron Microscopy. Nano Letters, 18(2), https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b04937

Despite the fact that in sodium-oxygen (Na-O2) batteries show promise as high-energy storage systems, this technology is still the subject of intense fundamental research, owing to the complex reaction by which it operates. To understand the formatio... Read More about Operando monitoring of the solution-mediated discharge and charge processes in a Na-O2 battery using liquid-electrochemical Transmission Electron Microscopy.

A rechargeable lithium–oxygen battery with dual mediators stabilizing the carbon cathode (2017)
Journal Article
Gao, X., Chen, Y., Johnson, L. R., Jovanov, Z. P., & Bruce, P. G. (2017). A rechargeable lithium–oxygen battery with dual mediators stabilizing the carbon cathode. Nature Energy, 2, Article 17118. https://doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2017.118

At the cathode of a Li–O2 battery, O2 is reduced to Li2O2 on discharge, the process being reversed on charge. Li2O2 is an insulating and insoluble solid, leading ultimately to low rates, low capacities and early cell death if formed on the cathode su... Read More about A rechargeable lithium–oxygen battery with dual mediators stabilizing the carbon cathode.

Phenol-Catalyzed Discharge in the Aprotic Lithium-Oxygen Battery (2017)
Journal Article
Gao, X., Jovanov, Z. P., Chen, Y., Johnson, L. R., & Bruce, P. G. (2017). Phenol-Catalyzed Discharge in the Aprotic Lithium-Oxygen Battery. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 56(23), 6539-6543. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201702432

Discharge in the lithium‐O2 battery is known to occur either by a solution mechanism, which enables high capacity and rates, or a surface mechanism, which passivates the electrode surface and limits performance. The development of strategies to promo... Read More about Phenol-Catalyzed Discharge in the Aprotic Lithium-Oxygen Battery.

Promoting solution phase discharge in Li-O-2 batteries containing weakly solvating electrolyte solutions (2016)
Journal Article
Gao, X., Johnson, L., Chen, Y., & Bruce, P. G. (2016). Promoting solution phase discharge in Li-O-2 batteries containing weakly solvating electrolyte solutions. Nature Materials, 15(8), 882-888. doi:10.1038/NMAT4629

On discharge, the Li–O2 battery can form a Li2O2 film on the cathode surface, leading to low capacities, low rates and early cell death, or it can form Li2O2 particles in solution, leading to high capacities at relatively high rates and avoiding earl... Read More about Promoting solution phase discharge in Li-O-2 batteries containing weakly solvating electrolyte solutions.