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Assessing the Accuracy of Soot Nanoparticle Morphology Measurements Using Three-Dimensional Electron Tomography (2019)
Journal Article
Haffner-Staton, E., La Rocca, A., Cairns, A., McGhee, M., & Fay, M. (2019). Assessing the Accuracy of Soot Nanoparticle Morphology Measurements Using Three-Dimensional Electron Tomography. SAE Technical Papers, 2019-April, Article 2019-01-1188. https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-1188

Morphology plays an important role in determining behaviour and impact of soot nanoparticles, including effect on human health, atmospheric optical properties, contribution to engine wear, and role in marine ecology. However, its nanoscopic size has... Read More about Assessing the Accuracy of Soot Nanoparticle Morphology Measurements Using Three-Dimensional Electron Tomography.

Development of aircraft electric starter-generator system based-on active rectification technology (2018)
Journal Article
Bozhko, S., Yang, T., Le Peuvedic, J., Arumugam, P., Degano, M., La Rocca, A., …Wheeler, P. (2018). Development of aircraft electric starter-generator system based-on active rectification technology. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 4(4), 985-996. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2018.2863031

More-electric aircraft (MEA) has become a dominant trend for modern aircraft. On-board MEA, many functions, which are conventionally driven by pneumatic and hydraulic power, are replaced with electrical subsystems. Starting aircraft engines with an e... Read More about Development of aircraft electric starter-generator system based-on active rectification technology.

Comparative nanostructure analysis of gasoline turbocharged direct injection and diesel soot-in-oil with carbon black (2018)
Journal Article
Pfau, S., La Roca, A., Haffner-Staton, E., Rance, G., Fay, M., Brough, R., & Malizia, S. (2018). Comparative nanostructure analysis of gasoline turbocharged direct injection and diesel soot-in-oil with carbon black. Carbon, 139, 342-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2018.06.050

Two gasoline turbocharged direct injection (GTDI) and two diesel soot-in-oil samples were compared with one flame-generated soot sample. High resolution transmission electron microscopy imaging was employed for the initial qualitative assessment of t... Read More about Comparative nanostructure analysis of gasoline turbocharged direct injection and diesel soot-in-oil with carbon black.

Numerical investigations of convective phenomena of oil impingement on end-windings (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Connor, P., La Rocca, A., Xu, Z., Eastwick, C., Pickering, S., & Gerada, C. (2018). Numerical investigations of convective phenomena of oil impingement on end-windings.

A novel experimental rig for analysing intensive liquid cooling of highly power-dense electrical machine components has been developed. Coupled fluid flow and heat transfer has been modelled, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), to inform the de... Read More about Numerical investigations of convective phenomena of oil impingement on end-windings.

Fluid flow and heat transfer analysis of TEFC machine end regions using more realistic end-winding geometry (2018)
Conference Proceeding
La Rocca, S., Pickering, S., Eastwick, C. N., Gerada, C., & Rönnberg, K. (2018). Fluid flow and heat transfer analysis of TEFC machine end regions using more realistic end-winding geometry.

In this paper a typical small low voltage TEFC motor (output power ~10 kW) has been studied using computational fluid dynamics. The complexity of the end winding geometries, often consisting of several insulated copper strands bound together, provide... Read More about Fluid flow and heat transfer analysis of TEFC machine end regions using more realistic end-winding geometry.

Morphological Characterisation of Diesel Soot in Oil and the Associated Extraction Dependence (2018)
Conference Proceeding
Key, S., La Rocca, A., Fay, M., Rance, G., & Growney , D. (2018). Morphological Characterisation of Diesel Soot in Oil and the Associated Extraction Dependence. In SAE Technical Paper. https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-0935

The size and morphology of soot particles and agglomerates extracted from lubricating oil drawn from the sump of a diesel engine have been investigated and compared using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA)... Read More about Morphological Characterisation of Diesel Soot in Oil and the Associated Extraction Dependence.

Progress towards a methodology for high throughput 3D reconstruction of soot nanoparticles via electron tomography (2018)
Journal Article
Haffner-Staton, E., La Rocca, A., & Fay, M. (2018). Progress towards a methodology for high throughput 3D reconstruction of soot nanoparticles via electron tomography. Journal of Microscopy, 270(3), 272-289. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmi.12680

The aim of this work is to make progress towards the development of 3D reconstruction as a legitimate alternative to traditional 2D characterisation of soot. Time constraints are the greatest opposition to its implementation, as currently reconstruct... Read More about Progress towards a methodology for high throughput 3D reconstruction of soot nanoparticles via electron tomography.

A semi-flooded cooling for a high speed machine: Concept, design and practice of an oil sleeve (2017)
Conference Proceeding
Xu, Z., La Rocca, A., Arumugam, P., Pickering, S. J., Gerada, C., Bozhko, S., …Zhang, H. (2017). A semi-flooded cooling for a high speed machine: Concept, design and practice of an oil sleeve. In Proceedings IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (8557-8562). https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2017.8217503

This paper proposes a semi-flooded cooling concept for a high speed machine design. The electrical machine considered is for an aircraft starter-generator system where power density and efficiency are crucial. In order to achieve the high power densi... Read More about A semi-flooded cooling for a high speed machine: Concept, design and practice of an oil sleeve.

Towards keeping diesel fuel supply and demand in balance: dual-fuelling of diesel engines with natural gas (2016)
Journal Article
Hegab, A., La Rocca, A., & Shayler, P. (2017). Towards keeping diesel fuel supply and demand in balance: dual-fuelling of diesel engines with natural gas. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 70, 666-697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.249

With the continuous growth of energy demand for the commercial transport sector, the market share of diesel vehicles is rising in several areas worldwide. Global demand for transport energy is therefore believed to be strongly skewed towards heavier... Read More about Towards keeping diesel fuel supply and demand in balance: dual-fuelling of diesel engines with natural gas.

Characterisation of flame-generated soot and soot-in-oil using electron tomography volume reconstructions and comparison with traditional 2D-TEM measurements (2016)
Journal Article
Orhan, O., Haffner-Staton, E., La Rocca, A., & Fay, M. (2016). Characterisation of flame-generated soot and soot-in-oil using electron tomography volume reconstructions and comparison with traditional 2D-TEM measurements. Tribology International, 104, 272-284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2016.09.015

This work characterises soot nanoparticles by electron tomography using Weighted Back Projection algorithm and appraises the uncertainties in two-dimensional calculations by comparison with 3D parameters for flame-generated soot and diesel soot-in-oi... Read More about Characterisation of flame-generated soot and soot-in-oil using electron tomography volume reconstructions and comparison with traditional 2D-TEM measurements.

Thermal management of a high speed permanent magnet machine for an aeroengine (2016)
Conference Proceeding
La Rocca, A., Xu, Z., Arumugam, P., Pickering, S., Eastwick, C., Gerada, C., & Bozhko, S. (2016). Thermal management of a high speed permanent magnet machine for an aeroengine.

The paper describes the mechanical and thermal design of a high speed, high power density synchronous permanent magnet machine for an aero engine starter generator system with a power rating of 150 kW and maximum speed of 32,000 rpm. As both mechanic... Read More about Thermal management of a high speed permanent magnet machine for an aeroengine.

High-Speed Solid Rotor Permanent Magnet Machines: Concept and Design (2016)
Journal Article
Arumugam, P., Xu, Z., La Rocca, A., Vakil, G., Dickinson, M., Amankwah, E. K., …Pickering, S. (2016). High-Speed Solid Rotor Permanent Magnet Machines: Concept and Design. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2(3), 391-400. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2016.2592684

© 2015 IEEE. This paper proposes a novel solid rotor topology for an interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine, adopted in this case for an aircraft starter-generator design. The key challenge in the design is to satisfy two operating conditions that a... Read More about High-Speed Solid Rotor Permanent Magnet Machines: Concept and Design.

The initiation and development of combustion under cold idling conditions using a glow plug in diesel engines (2016)
Journal Article
Li, Q., Shayler, P. J., McGhee, M. J., & La Rocca, A. (2017). The initiation and development of combustion under cold idling conditions using a glow plug in diesel engines. International Journal of Engine Research, 18(3), 240-255. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087416652266

Factors determining the success or failure of combustion initiation using a glow plug have been investigated through experimental work on a single cylinder, common rail diesel engine with a geometric compression ratio of 15.5, and a quiescent combust... Read More about The initiation and development of combustion under cold idling conditions using a glow plug in diesel engines.

Soot-in-oil 3D volume reconstruction through the use of electron tomography: an introductory study (2015)
Journal Article
La Rocca, A., Campbell, J., Fay, M., & Orhan, O. (2016). Soot-in-oil 3D volume reconstruction through the use of electron tomography: an introductory study. Tribology Letters, 61(1), Article 8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-015-0625-z

Understanding soot nanoparticle interaction with oil additives and the causes of soot-induced thickening would assist in lubricant formulation, prolonging engine life and improving engine efficiency. Three-dimensional measurement of soot structures i... Read More about Soot-in-oil 3D volume reconstruction through the use of electron tomography: an introductory study.

Characterisation of soot in oil from a gasoline direct injection engine using Transmission Electron Microscopy (2015)
Journal Article
La Rocca, A., Bonatesta, F., Fay, M., & Campanella, F. (2015). Characterisation of soot in oil from a gasoline direct injection engine using Transmission Electron Microscopy. Tribology International, 86, 77-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2015.01.025

In this work, an investigation of soot-in-oil samples drawn from the oil sump of a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine was carried out. Soot particulate was characterised in terms of size, distribution and shape of the agglomerates, and internal s... Read More about Characterisation of soot in oil from a gasoline direct injection engine using Transmission Electron Microscopy.

Part-Load Particulate Matter from a GDI Engine and the Connection with Combustion Characteristics (2014)
Journal Article
Bonatesta, F., Chiappetta, E., & La Rocca, A. (2014). Part-Load Particulate Matter from a GDI Engine and the Connection with Combustion Characteristics. Applied Energy, 124(1), 366-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.03.030

The Gasoline Direct Injection engines are an important source of ultra-fine particulate matter. Significant research effort is still required as improved understanding of soot formation is critical in considering further development or adoption of ne... Read More about Part-Load Particulate Matter from a GDI Engine and the Connection with Combustion Characteristics.

Application of nanoparticle tracking analysis platform for the measurement of soot-in-oil agglomerates from automotive engines (2013)
Journal Article
La Rocca, A., Di Liberto, G., Shayler, P., Parmenter, C., & Fay, M. (2014). Application of nanoparticle tracking analysis platform for the measurement of soot-in-oil agglomerates from automotive engines. Tribology International, 70, 142-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2013.09.018

Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) has been applied to characterising soot agglomerates of particles and compared with Transmission Electron Microscoscopy (TEM). Soot nanoparticles were extracted from used oil drawn from the sump of a light duty au... Read More about Application of nanoparticle tracking analysis platform for the measurement of soot-in-oil agglomerates from automotive engines.