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All Outputs (9)

Non-State Actors' Rights in Maritime Delimitation: Lessons from Land (2021)
Book
Pappa, M. (2021). Non-State Actors' Rights in Maritime Delimitation: Lessons from Land. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108891936

Most of the world's maritime boundary disputes involve privately held rights - relating to such matters as fishing, petroleum exploration and scientific research - that states have unilaterally granted to non-state actors in areas of overlapping nati... Read More about Non-State Actors' Rights in Maritime Delimitation: Lessons from Land.

International energy investments and unrecognized states: opportunities and risks for private actors (2019)
Journal Article
Pappa, M., & Pereira, E. G. (2019). International energy investments and unrecognized states: opportunities and risks for private actors. Colorado Natural Resources, Energy & Environmental Law Review, 30(1), 67-113

The recognition of an entity as a state is pivotal in international law. Whether it be that recognition grants statehood or merely confirms a state’s legal existence, it has important implications for the concerned entity and for the entire internati... Read More about International energy investments and unrecognized states: opportunities and risks for private actors.

The effects of default, transfer, and withdrawal provisions on JOA exits: should I stay or should I go? (2019)
Journal Article
Pereira, E., & Pappa, M. (2019). The effects of default, transfer, and withdrawal provisions on JOA exits: should I stay or should I go?. International Energy Law Review, 2019(2), 39-47

Default, transfer of interest or rights, and withdrawal are prima facie three distinct clauses in a Joint Operating Agreement (JOA). They serve different purposes and are subject to different conditions. But at the same time, they may all lead to a p... Read More about The effects of default, transfer, and withdrawal provisions on JOA exits: should I stay or should I go?.

Forcible acts by states towards non-state actors operating in disputed waters: beyond the limits of international law? (2019)
Journal Article
Pappa, M. (2019). Forcible acts by states towards non-state actors operating in disputed waters: beyond the limits of international law?. Legal Issues Journal, 7(1),

The obligation of States to not use force against other States is well established in international law both on land and at sea. Unless authorized by the United Nations Security Council or based on self-defence, non-compliance with this rule is a bre... Read More about Forcible acts by states towards non-state actors operating in disputed waters: beyond the limits of international law?.

Exploration of energy resources in the deep seabed: opportunities for industry, challenges for law (2018)
Journal Article
Pappa, M. (2018). Exploration of energy resources in the deep seabed: opportunities for industry, challenges for law. International Energy Law Review, 66-74

The Continental Shelf is not the only part of the ocean where energy resources lie. The seabed extending beyond coastal states’ jurisdiction is also rich in hydrocarbons, methane hydrates, and marine genetic resources which can be used to cover the w... Read More about Exploration of energy resources in the deep seabed: opportunities for industry, challenges for law.

Private oil companies operating in contested waters and international law of the sea: a peculiar relationship (2018)
Journal Article
Pappa, M. (2018). Private oil companies operating in contested waters and international law of the sea: a peculiar relationship. Oil, Gas & Energy Law, 2018(1),

This study investigates whether non-state actors, particularly private oil companies, possess any international rights and obligations while operating in contested waters. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) provides certain... Read More about Private oil companies operating in contested waters and international law of the sea: a peculiar relationship.

The Impact of Judicial Delimitation on Private Rights Existing in Contested Waters: Implications for the Somali-Kenyan Maritime Dispute (2017)
Journal Article
Pappa, M. (2017). The Impact of Judicial Delimitation on Private Rights Existing in Contested Waters: Implications for the Somali-Kenyan Maritime Dispute. Journal of African Law, 61(3), 393-418. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021855317000286

This article raises concerns about the impact of judicial delimitation on private exploratory rights existing in contested waters. These concerns stem from the tendency of judges to disregard any non-geographic factors during the process of maritime... Read More about The Impact of Judicial Delimitation on Private Rights Existing in Contested Waters: Implications for the Somali-Kenyan Maritime Dispute.