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Chlorine Fixing Ability of Electric Arc Furnace Dust During the Thermal Degradation of Polyvinyl Chloride under Oxidative Conditions (2023)
Journal Article
Al-Harahsheh, M., Altarawneh, S., Al-Omari, M., Altarawneh, M., Kingman, S., & Dodds, C. (2023). Chlorine Fixing Ability of Electric Arc Furnace Dust During the Thermal Degradation of Polyvinyl Chloride under Oxidative Conditions. Jordanian Journal of Engineering and Chemical Industries, 6(3), 39-46. https://doi.org/10.48103/jjeci672023

Electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are two hazardous wastes that are accumulated world-wide at an alarming rate. Utilising these two wastes simultaneously towards a sustainable recycling loop can greatly mitigate their envi... Read More about Chlorine Fixing Ability of Electric Arc Furnace Dust During the Thermal Degradation of Polyvinyl Chloride under Oxidative Conditions.

A thermo-kinetic investigation on the thermal degradation of polyvinyl chloride in the presence of magnetite and hematite (2022)
Journal Article
Altarawneh, S., Al-Harahsheh, M., Buttress, A., Dodds, C., & Kingman, S. (2022). A thermo-kinetic investigation on the thermal degradation of polyvinyl chloride in the presence of magnetite and hematite. Thermochimica Acta, 718, Article 179390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2022.179390

Electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) which is accumulated in large amounts world-wide contains hematite (Fe2O3) and significant quantities of magnetite (Fe3O4). Waste polyvinyl chloride (PVC) also poses a great environmental threat aside to accumulated E... Read More about A thermo-kinetic investigation on the thermal degradation of polyvinyl chloride in the presence of magnetite and hematite.

Thermodynamic, pyrolytic, and kinetic investigation on the thermal decomposition of polyvinyl chloride in the presence of franklinite (2022)
Journal Article
Altarawneh, S., Al-Harahsheh, M., Dodds, C., Buttress, A., & Kingman, S. (2022). Thermodynamic, pyrolytic, and kinetic investigation on the thermal decomposition of polyvinyl chloride in the presence of franklinite. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 168, 558-569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2022.10.028

Thermal co-treatment of Electric Arc Furnace Dust (EAFD) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) may provide a viable route for reprocessing these hazardous materials within the circular economy. To develop and optimise a commercial treatment process, the compl... Read More about Thermodynamic, pyrolytic, and kinetic investigation on the thermal decomposition of polyvinyl chloride in the presence of franklinite.

S-band elliptical–cylindrical cavity resonator for material processing (2022)
Journal Article
Rodriguez, J., Ampuero, J., Valderrama, W., Buttress, A., Dodds, C., Kingman, S., & Carrasco, H. (2022). S-band elliptical–cylindrical cavity resonator for material processing. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 64(12), 2160-2164. https://doi.org/10.1002/mop.33431

The development of an elliptical–cylindrical cavity for microwave thermal processing of materials at high electric field strengths is reported. The design methodology based on numerical modeling is validated by experimental measurements. The system c... Read More about S-band elliptical–cylindrical cavity resonator for material processing.

Simultaneous conventional and microwave heating for the synthesis of adsorbents for CO2 capture: Comparative study to pristine technologies (2022)
Journal Article
Durán-Jiménez, G., Rodriguez, J., Kostas, E. T., Stevens, L. A., Lozada-Rodríguez, L., Binner, E., & Dodds, C. (2022). Simultaneous conventional and microwave heating for the synthesis of adsorbents for CO2 capture: Comparative study to pristine technologies. Chemical Engineering Journal, 438, Article 135549. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.135549

Microwave has become an attractive technology in the valorisation of renewable biomass and in the mitigation of challenges of climate change. In this work, the synergic effects of coupling microwave and mild conventional heating conditions has been i... Read More about Simultaneous conventional and microwave heating for the synthesis of adsorbents for CO2 capture: Comparative study to pristine technologies.

Thermal degradation kinetics of polyvinyl chloride in presence of zinc oxide (2021)
Journal Article
Altarawneh, S., Al-Harahsheh, M., Dodds, C., Buttress, A., & Kingman, S. (2022). Thermal degradation kinetics of polyvinyl chloride in presence of zinc oxide. Thermochimica Acta, 707, Article 179105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2021.179105

This work investigates the degradation kinetics and the pyrolysis behavior of Poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) and its mixture with ZnO using thermogravimetric analysis under an inert atmosphere. The investigation was carried out due to the increased inte... Read More about Thermal degradation kinetics of polyvinyl chloride in presence of zinc oxide.

Leaching behavior of zinc and lead from electric arc furnace dust – Poly(vinyl) chloride residues after oxidative thermal treatment (2021)
Journal Article
Al-Harahsheh, M., Altarawneh, S., Al-Omari, M., Altarawneh, M., Kingman, S., & Dodds, C. (2021). Leaching behavior of zinc and lead from electric arc furnace dust – Poly(vinyl) chloride residues after oxidative thermal treatment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 328, Article 129622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129622

Oxidative thermal treatment of electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) mixed with poly(vinyl) chloride (PVC) was carried out to study the impact of oxidizing environment on the extraction of valuable metals. The effect of oxygen partial pressure, temperatur... Read More about Leaching behavior of zinc and lead from electric arc furnace dust – Poly(vinyl) chloride residues after oxidative thermal treatment.

Microwave selective heating of electric arc furnace dust constituents toward sustainable recycling: Contribution of electric and magnetic fields (2021)
Journal Article
Altarawneh, S., Al-Harahsheh, M., Buttress, A., Dodds, C., Rodriguez, J., & Kingman, S. (2021). Microwave selective heating of electric arc furnace dust constituents toward sustainable recycling: Contribution of electric and magnetic fields. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 104, 521-528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2021.09.001

Microwave heating of waste electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) for the purpose of its remediation has been studied extensively. However, these studies considered EAFD as a bulk material without addressing either the relative response of its individual c... Read More about Microwave selective heating of electric arc furnace dust constituents toward sustainable recycling: Contribution of electric and magnetic fields.

Microwave digestion of gibbsite and bauxite in sodium hydroxide (2020)
Journal Article
Dillinger, B., Batchelor, A., Katrib, J., Dodds, C., Suchicital, C., Kingman, S., & Clark, D. (2020). Microwave digestion of gibbsite and bauxite in sodium hydroxide. Hydrometallurgy, 192, Article 105257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2020.105257

It was hypothesized that bauxite digestion may be improved by using microwave heating as it has been shown in literature that some material processes have improved efficiency. To test this hypothesis, a set of digestion experiments were conducted usi... Read More about Microwave digestion of gibbsite and bauxite in sodium hydroxide.

Developing a sustainable route to environmentally relevant metal-organic frameworks: ultra-rapid synthesis of MFM-300(Al) using microwave heating (2019)
Journal Article
Thomas-Hillman, I., Stevens, L. A., Lange, M., Möllmer, J., Lewis, W., Dodds, C., …Laybourn, A. (2019). Developing a sustainable route to environmentally relevant metal-organic frameworks: ultra-rapid synthesis of MFM-300(Al) using microwave heating. Green Chemistry, 21(18), 5039-5045. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9gc02375e

NO2, SO2 and CO2 are major air pollutants causing significant environmental and health problems. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), in particular [Al2(OH)2(C16O8H6)](H2O)6 (trivial names: NOTT-300/MFM-300(Al)), have shown great promise for capturing th... Read More about Developing a sustainable route to environmentally relevant metal-organic frameworks: ultra-rapid synthesis of MFM-300(Al) using microwave heating.

Formation of Metallurgical Coke within Minutes through Coal Densification and Microwave Energy (2019)
Journal Article
Williams, O., Ure, A., Stevens, L., Binner, E., Dodds, C., Kingman, S., …Lester, E. (2019). Formation of Metallurgical Coke within Minutes through Coal Densification and Microwave Energy. Energy and Fuels, 33(7), 6817-6828. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b00511

This paper shows how feedstock densification gives rise to a step change in the time required to create a metallurgical grade coke using microwave energy. Five densified coking and non-coking coals were heated in a multi-mode microwave 2450 MHz cavit... Read More about Formation of Metallurgical Coke within Minutes through Coal Densification and Microwave Energy.

Production of high purity silica by microfluidic-inclusion fracture using microwave pre-treatment (2018)
Journal Article
Buttress, A., Rodriguez, J., Ure, A., Ferrari, R., Dodds, C., & Kingman, S. (2019). Production of high purity silica by microfluidic-inclusion fracture using microwave pre-treatment. Minerals Engineering, 131, 407-419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2018.11.025

© 2018 Demand for high purity silica used in component manufacture is set to outstrip current supply in the near future. As such, alternative processing routes to feed-stock materials suitable for use in lighting and solar cell fabrication are requir... Read More about Production of high purity silica by microfluidic-inclusion fracture using microwave pre-treatment.

Removal of copper from cattle footbath wastewater with layered double hydroxide adsorbents as a route to antimicrobial resistance mitigation on dairy farms (2018)
Journal Article
Williams, O., Clark, I., Gomes, R. L., Perehinec, T., Hobman, J. L., Stekel, D. J., …Lester, E. (2019). Removal of copper from cattle footbath wastewater with layered double hydroxide adsorbents as a route to antimicrobial resistance mitigation on dairy farms. Science of the Total Environment, 655, 1139-1149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.330

Copper and zinc are routinely used in livestock antimicrobial footbaths in commercial farming. The footbath mix is a cost to farmers, and the disposal of spent footbath into slurry tanks leads to soil contamination, as well as the potential for antim... Read More about Removal of copper from cattle footbath wastewater with layered double hydroxide adsorbents as a route to antimicrobial resistance mitigation on dairy farms.

Combining continuous flow oscillatory baffled reactors and microwave heating: Process intensification and accelerated synthesis of metal-organic frameworks (2018)
Journal Article
Laybourn, A., López-Fernández, A. M., Thomas-Hillman, I., Katrib, J., Lewis, W., Dodds, C., …Kingman, S. W. (2019). Combining continuous flow oscillatory baffled reactors and microwave heating: Process intensification and accelerated synthesis of metal-organic frameworks. Chemical Engineering Journal, 356, 170-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.09.011

We have constructed a continuous flow oscillatory baffled reactor (CF-OBR) equipped with a homogeneous and controllable microwave applicator in an entirely novel design. This affords a new route to chemical production incorporating many of the princi... Read More about Combining continuous flow oscillatory baffled reactors and microwave heating: Process intensification and accelerated synthesis of metal-organic frameworks.

Realising the environmental benefits of metal–organic frameworks: recent advances in microwave synthesis (2018)
Journal Article
Thomas-Hillman, I., Laybourn, A., Dodds, C., & Kingman, S. W. (in press). Realising the environmental benefits of metal–organic frameworks: recent advances in microwave synthesis. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta02919a

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a broad class of porous crystalline materials that show great potential for a wide-range of applications in areas such as energy and environmental sustainability. MOFscan show significant advantages in gas selectiv... Read More about Realising the environmental benefits of metal–organic frameworks: recent advances in microwave synthesis.

Towards sustainable processing of columbite group minerals: Elucidating the relation between dielectric properties and physico-chemical transformations in the mineral phase (2017)
Journal Article
Sanchez-Segado, S., Monti, T., Katrib, J., Kingman, S., Dodds, C., & Jha, A. (2017). Towards sustainable processing of columbite group minerals: Elucidating the relation between dielectric properties and physico-chemical transformations in the mineral phase. Scientific Reports, 7(1), Article 18016. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18272-3

© 2017 The Author(s). Current methodologies for the extraction of tantalum and niobium pose a serious threat to human beings and the environment due to the use of hydrofluoric acid (HF). Niobium and tantalum metal powders and pentoxides are widely us... Read More about Towards sustainable processing of columbite group minerals: Elucidating the relation between dielectric properties and physico-chemical transformations in the mineral phase.

Selective molecular annealing: in situ small angle X-ray scattering study of microwave-assisted annealing of block copolymers (2017)
Journal Article
Toolan, D. T., Adlington, K., Isakova, A., Kalamiotis, A., Mokarian-Tabari, P., Dimitrakis, G., …Howse, J. R. (2017). Selective molecular annealing: in situ small angle X-ray scattering study of microwave-assisted annealing of block copolymers. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 19(31), 20412--20419. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cp03578k

Microwave annealing has emerged as an alternative to traditional thermal annealing approaches for optimising block copolymer self-assembly. A novel sample environment enabling small angle X-ray scattering to be performed in situ during microwave anne... Read More about Selective molecular annealing: in situ small angle X-ray scattering study of microwave-assisted annealing of block copolymers.

Microwave assisted hydro-distillation of essential oils from fresh ginger root (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) (2017)
Journal Article
Racoti, A., Buttress, A., Binner, E., Dodds, C., Trifan, A., & Calinescu, I. (2017). Microwave assisted hydro-distillation of essential oils from fresh ginger root (Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Journal of Essential Oil Research, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2017.1360216

A solvent free in situ microwave hydro-distillation method for extraction of essential oil from fresh ginger root it presented. Extraction was conducted in a TE10n single-mode microwave cavity and variable power 2 kW generator operating at 2.45GHz. T... Read More about Microwave assisted hydro-distillation of essential oils from fresh ginger root (Zingiber officinale Roscoe).

Towards large scale microwave treatment of ores: Part 2 - Metallurgical testing (2017)
Journal Article
Batchelor, A., Buttress, A., Jones, D., Katrib, J., Way, D., Chenje, T., …Kingman, S. (2017). Towards large scale microwave treatment of ores: Part 2 - Metallurgical testing. Minerals Engineering, 111, 5-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2017.05.003

© 2017 A pilot scale microwave treatment system capable of treating 10–150t/h of material at 10–200kW was designed, constructed and commissioned in order to understand the engineering challenges of microwave-induced fracture of ores at scale and gene... Read More about Towards large scale microwave treatment of ores: Part 2 - Metallurgical testing.

Calibrated X-ray micro-tomography for mineral ore quantification (2017)
Journal Article
Reyes, F., Lin, Q., Udoudo, O., Dodds, C., Lee, P., & Neethling, S. (2017). Calibrated X-ray micro-tomography for mineral ore quantification. Minerals Engineering, 110, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2017.04.015

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) based assessments are the most widely used and trusted imaging technique for mineral ore quantification. X-ray micro tomography (XMT) is a more recent addition to the mineralogy toolbox, but with the potential to ex... Read More about Calibrated X-ray micro-tomography for mineral ore quantification.