All Outputs (960)

Influenza A (H3) illness and viral aerosol shedding from symptomatic naturally infected and experimentally infected cases (2020)
Journal Article
Bueno de Mesquita, P. J., Nguyen‐Van‐Tam, J., Killingley, B., Enstone, J., Lambkin‐Williams, R., Gilbert, A. S., …Milton, D. K. (2021). Influenza A (H3) illness and viral aerosol shedding from symptomatic naturally infected and experimentally infected cases. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 15(1), 154-163. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12790

Background It has long been known that nasal inoculation with influenza A virus produces asymptomatic to febrile infections. Uncertainty persists about whether these infections are sufficiently similar to natural infections for studying human‐to‐hum... Read More about Influenza A (H3) illness and viral aerosol shedding from symptomatic naturally infected and experimentally infected cases.

Non?invasive risk scores do not reliably identify future cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma in Type 2 diabetes: The Edinburgh type 2 diabetes study (2020)
Journal Article
Grecian, S. M., McLachlan, S., Fallowfield, J. A., Kearns, P. K., Hayes, P. C., Guha, I. N., …Strachan, M. W. (2020). Non‐invasive risk scores do not reliably identify future cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma in Type 2 diabetes: The Edinburgh type 2 diabetes study. Liver International, 40(9), 2252-2262. https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.14590

Background The incidence of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increased in Type 2 diabetes, primarily secondary to non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). European guidelines recommend screening for NAFLD in Type 2 diabetes. America... Read More about Non?invasive risk scores do not reliably identify future cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma in Type 2 diabetes: The Edinburgh type 2 diabetes study.

Clinical characteristics of children and young people hospitalised with covid-19 in the United Kingdom: prospective multicentre observational cohort study (2020)
Working Paper
Swann, O. V., Holden, K. A., Turtle, L., Pollock, L., Fairfield, C. J., Drake, T. M., …ISARIC Coronavirus Clinical Characterisation Consortium (ISARIC4C) Investigators. Clinical characteristics of children and young people hospitalised with covid-19 in the United Kingdom: prospective multicentre observational cohort study

Objective To characterise the clinical features of children and young people admitted to hospital with laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the UK, and explore factors associated with admissio... Read More about Clinical characteristics of children and young people hospitalised with covid-19 in the United Kingdom: prospective multicentre observational cohort study.

The association of skin autofluorescence with cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in persons with chronic kidney disease stage 3: A prospective cohort study (2020)
Journal Article
Shardlow, A., McIntyre, N. J., Kolhe, N. V., Nellums, L. B., Fluck, R. J., McIntyre, C. W., & Taal, M. W. (2020). The association of skin autofluorescence with cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in persons with chronic kidney disease stage 3: A prospective cohort study. PLoS Medicine, 17(7), e1003163. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003163

Minimal transmission in an influenza A (H3N2) human challenge-transmission model within a controlled exposure environment (2020)
Journal Article
Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S., Killingley, B., Enstone, J., Hewitt, M., Pantelic, J., Grantham, M. L., …for the EMIT Consortium. (2020). Minimal transmission in an influenza A (H3N2) human challenge-transmission model within a controlled exposure environment. PLoS Pathogens, 16(7), Article e1008704. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008704

Uncertainty about the importance of influenza transmission by airborne droplet nuclei generates controversy for infection control. Human challenge-transmission studies have been supported as the most promising approach to fill this knowledge gap. Hea... Read More about Minimal transmission in an influenza A (H3N2) human challenge-transmission model within a controlled exposure environment.

Non-invasive risk scores do not reliably identify future cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma in Type 2 diabetes: The Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study (2020)
Journal Article
Grecian, S. M., McLachlan, S., Fallowfield, J. A., Kearns, P. K., Hayes, P. C., Guha, N. I., …Strachan, M. W. (2020). Non-invasive risk scores do not reliably identify future cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma in Type 2 diabetes: The Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study. Liver International, 40(9), 2252-2262. https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.14590

Background The incidence of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increased in Type 2 diabetes, primarily secondary to non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). European guidelines recommend screening for NAFLD in Type 2 diabetes. America... Read More about Non-invasive risk scores do not reliably identify future cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma in Type 2 diabetes: The Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study.

Effectiveness and safety of Ayurvedic medicines in type-2 diabetes management: a systematic review protocol (2020)
Journal Article
Chattopadhyay, K., Panniyammakal, J., Biswas, T. K., Heinrich, M., Lewis, S. A., Greenfield, S. M., …Leonardi-Bee, J. (2020). Effectiveness and safety of Ayurvedic medicines in type-2 diabetes management: a systematic review protocol. JBI Evidence Synthesis, 18(11), 2380-2389. https://doi.org/10.11124/JBISRIR-D-19-00350

Objective: To evaluate and synthesize evidence on the effectiveness and safety of Ayurvedic medicines for managing type-2 diabetes (T2DM). Introduction: Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted to assess the effectiveness an... Read More about Effectiveness and safety of Ayurvedic medicines in type-2 diabetes management: a systematic review protocol.

Healthcare Professionals’ Beliefs, Attitudes, Knowledge, and Behavior Around Vaping in Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Qualitative Study (2020)
Journal Article
Hunter, A., Yargawa, J., Notley, C., Nath, S., Ussher, M., Bobak, A., …Cooper, S. (2021). Healthcare Professionals’ Beliefs, Attitudes, Knowledge, and Behavior Around Vaping in Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Qualitative Study. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 23(3), 471–478. https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaa126

Introduction: Finding effective ways to help pregnant women quit smoking and maintain long-term abstinence is a public health priority. Electronic cigarettes (i.e., vaping) could be a suitable cessation tool in pregnancy for those who struggle to qu... Read More about Healthcare Professionals’ Beliefs, Attitudes, Knowledge, and Behavior Around Vaping in Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Qualitative Study.

Disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease is associated with arterial vascular disease (2020)
Journal Article
Card, T. R., Zittan, E., Nguyen, G. C., & Grainge, M. J. (2021). Disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease is associated with arterial vascular disease. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, 27(5), 629–638. https://doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izaa156

Background and Aims: There is evidence that several inflammatory diseases are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Whether this is true for inflammatory bowel diseases remains controversial. We aimed to assess this risk corrected for the ef... Read More about Disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease is associated with arterial vascular disease.

Tobacco and alcohol content in soap operas broadcast on UK television: a content analysis and population exposure (2020)
Journal Article
Barker, A. B., Britton, J., Thomson, E., & Murray, R. L. (2021). Tobacco and alcohol content in soap operas broadcast on UK television: a content analysis and population exposure. Journal of Public Health, 43(3), 595-603. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaa091

Background Exposure to tobacco and alcohol content in media is a risk factor for smoking and alcohol use in young people. Our previous research suggested that tobacco and alcohol imagery is common in soap operas. We now report an analysis of tobacco... Read More about Tobacco and alcohol content in soap operas broadcast on UK television: a content analysis and population exposure.

Rituximab as therapy to induce remission after relapse in ANCA-associated vasculitis (2020)
Journal Article
Smith, R. M., Jones, R. B., Specks, U., Bond, S., Nodale, M., Aljayyousi, R., …Jayne, D. (2020). Rituximab as therapy to induce remission after relapse in ANCA-associated vasculitis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 79(9), 1243-1249. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216863

Objectives: Evaluation of rituximab and glucocorticoids as therapy to induce remission after relapse in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) in a prospective observational cohort of patients enrolled into the induction phase of the RITAZAREM trial. Me... Read More about Rituximab as therapy to induce remission after relapse in ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Prevalence and associated factors of vascular complications among inpatients with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective database study at a tertiary care department, Ningbo, China (2020)
Journal Article
Li, J., Chattopadhyay, K., Xu, M., Chen, Y., Hu, F., Chu, J., & Li, L. (2020). Prevalence and associated factors of vascular complications among inpatients with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective database study at a tertiary care department, Ningbo, China. PLoS ONE, 15(6), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235161

To determine the prevalence of vascular complications among inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and factors independently associated with vascular complications in a tertiary care department in Ningbo, China, the authors conducted a cross... Read More about Prevalence and associated factors of vascular complications among inpatients with type 2 diabetes: A retrospective database study at a tertiary care department, Ningbo, China.

Mortality after extrahepatic gastrointestinal and abdominal wall surgery in patients with alcoholic liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2020)
Journal Article
Adiamah, A., Ban, L., Hammond, J., Jepsen, P., West, J., & Humes, D. .. (2020). Mortality after extrahepatic gastrointestinal and abdominal wall surgery in patients with alcoholic liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 55(5), 497–511. https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agaa043

Aims: This meta-analysis aimed to define the perioperative risk of mortality in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) undergoing extrahepatic gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: Systematic searches of Embase, Medline and CENTRAL were undertak... Read More about Mortality after extrahepatic gastrointestinal and abdominal wall surgery in patients with alcoholic liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Genome-wide Association Study for Alcohol-related Cirrhosis Identifies Risk Loci in MARC1 and HNRNPUL1. (2020)
Journal Article
Innes, H., Buch, S., Hutchinson, S., Guha, I. N., Morling, J. R., Barnes, E., …Stickel, F. (2020). Genome-wide Association Study for Alcohol-related Cirrhosis Identifies Risk Loci in MARC1 and HNRNPUL1. Gastroenterology, 159(4), 1276-1289.e7. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2020.06.014

Copyright © 2020 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. BACKGROUND & AIMS: Little is known about genetic factors that affect development of alcohol-related cirrhosis. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of samp... Read More about Genome-wide Association Study for Alcohol-related Cirrhosis Identifies Risk Loci in MARC1 and HNRNPUL1..

Management of Fracture Risk in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Building a UK Consensus Through Healthcare Professional and Patient Engagement (2020)
Journal Article
Gupta, A., Jayes, L. R., Holmes, S., Sahota, O., Canavan, M., Elkin, S. L., …Bolton, C. E. (2020). Management of Fracture Risk in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Building a UK Consensus Through Healthcare Professional and Patient Engagement. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 15, 1377-1390. https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s233398

Introduction: Osteoporosis and bone fractures are common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality. Current national guidance on COPD management recommends addressing bone health in patien... Read More about Management of Fracture Risk in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Building a UK Consensus Through Healthcare Professional and Patient Engagement.

Cumulative incidence of post?infection asthma or wheezing among young children clinically diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus infection in the United States: A retrospective database analysis (2020)
Journal Article
Nguyen‐Van‐Tam, J., Wyffels, V., Smulders, M., Mazumder, D., Tyagi, R., Gupta, N., …Fleischhackl, R. (2020). Cumulative incidence of post‐infection asthma or wheezing among young children clinically diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus infection in the United States: A retrospective database analysis. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 14(6), 730-738. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12770

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is implicated in subsequent development of asthma/wheezing (AW) among term and pre-term infants. We describe the cumulative incidence of AW among hospitalized and ambulatory neonates/infants/tod... Read More about Cumulative incidence of post?infection asthma or wheezing among young children clinically diagnosed with respiratory syncytial virus infection in the United States: A retrospective database analysis.

Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Danish outpatients with alcohol-related cirrhosis (2020)
Journal Article
Jepsen, P., Kraglund, F., West, J., Villadsen, G. E., Toft Sørensen, H., & Vilstrup, H. (2020). Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Danish outpatients with alcohol-related cirrhosis. Journal of Hepatology, 73(5), 1030-1036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2020.05.043

Background and aims: Accurate estimates of the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with cirrhosis are important for clinical decisions about HCC surveillance. We described HCC risk among outpatients with alcoholic cirrhosis and contras... Read More about Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Danish outpatients with alcohol-related cirrhosis.

Recommendations for Implementing Lung Cancer Screening with Low-Dose Computed Tomography in Europe (2020)
Journal Article
Veronesi, G., Baldwin, D. R., Henschke, C. I., Ghislandi, S., Iavicoli, S., Oudkerk, M., …Pelosi, G. (2020). Recommendations for Implementing Lung Cancer Screening with Low-Dose Computed Tomography in Europe. Cancers, 12(6), Article 1672. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12061672

Lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) was demonstrated in the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) to reduce mortality from the disease. European mortality data has recently become available from the Nelson randomized c... Read More about Recommendations for Implementing Lung Cancer Screening with Low-Dose Computed Tomography in Europe.

Co-infections in people with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis (2020)
Journal Article
Lansbury, L., Lim, B., Baskaran, V., & Lim, W. S. (2020). Co-infections in people with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Infection, 81(2), 266-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.05.046

Objectives: In previous influenza pandemics, bacterial co-infections have been a major cause of mortality. We aimed to evaluate the burden of co-infections in patients with COVID-19. Methods: We systematically searched Embase, Medline, Cochrane L... Read More about Co-infections in people with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Features of 20?133 UK patients in hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: prospective observational cohort study (2020)
Journal Article
Docherty, A. B., Harrison, E. M., Green, C. A., Hardwick, H. E., Pius, R., Norman, L., …Semple, M. G. (2020). Features of 20 133 UK patients in hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: prospective observational cohort study. BMJ, 369, Article m1985. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1985

Objective: To characterise the clinical features of patients admitted to hospital with coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) in the United Kingdom during the growth phase of the first wave of this outbreak who were enrolled in the International Severe... Read More about Features of 20?133 UK patients in hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: prospective observational cohort study.