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Aerial wetting contact angle measurement using confocal microscopy (2016)
Journal Article
Chesna, J. W., Wiedmaier, B. F., Wang, J., Samara, A., Leach, R. K., Her, T., & Smith, S. T. (in press). Aerial wetting contact angle measurement using confocal microscopy. Measurement Science and Technology, 27(12), https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/27/12/125202

A method is presented in which the wetting contact angle of a sessile drop is acquired aerially using confocal techniques to measure the radius and the height of a droplet deposited on a planar surface. The repeatability of this method is typically l... Read More about Aerial wetting contact angle measurement using confocal microscopy.

Assessing the capability of in-situ nondestructive analysis during layer based additive manufacture (2016)
Journal Article
Hirsch, M., Patel, R., Li, W., Guan, G., Leach, R. K., Sharples, S. D., & Clare, A. T. (2017). Assessing the capability of in-situ nondestructive analysis during layer based additive manufacture. Additive Manufacturing, 13, 135-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2016.10.004

Unlike more established subtractive or constant volume manufacturing technologies, additive manufacturing methods suffer from a lack of in-situ monitoring methodologies which can provide informationrelating to process performance and the formation of... Read More about Assessing the capability of in-situ nondestructive analysis during layer based additive manufacture.

Shape descriptors and statistical classification on areal topography data for tile inspection in tessellated surfaces (2016)
Journal Article
Senin, N., Moretti, M., & Leach, R. K. (2017). Shape descriptors and statistical classification on areal topography data for tile inspection in tessellated surfaces. Measurement, 95, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2016.09.044

Verification of conformance to design specifications in production, and identification of defects related to wear or other damage during maintenance, are key metrological aspects that must be addressed for micro-scale tessellated surfaces. A new algo... Read More about Shape descriptors and statistical classification on areal topography data for tile inspection in tessellated surfaces.

Study of weighted fusion methods for the measurement of surface geometry (2016)
Journal Article
Wang, J., Pagani, L., Leach, R. K., Zeng, W., Colosimo, B. M., & Zhou, L. (2017). Study of weighted fusion methods for the measurement of surface geometry. Precision Engineering, 47, 111-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precisioneng.2016.07.012

© 2016 Elsevier Inc. Four types of weighted fusion methods, including pixel-level, least-squares, parametrical and non-parametrical, have been classified and theoretically analysed in this study. In particular, the uncertainty propagation of the weig... Read More about Study of weighted fusion methods for the measurement of surface geometry.

Quadrature wavelength scanning interferometry (2016)
Journal Article
Moschetti, G., Forbes, A., Leach, R. K., Jiang, X., & O’Connor, D. (2016). Quadrature wavelength scanning interferometry. Applied Optics, 55(20), 5332-5340. https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.55.005332

A novel method to double the measurement range of wavelength scanning interferometry (WSI) is described. In WSI the measured optical path difference (OPD) is affected by a sign ambiguity, i.e. from an interference signal it is not possible to disting... Read More about Quadrature wavelength scanning interferometry.

Loose powder detection and surface characterization in selective laser sintering via optical coherence tomography (2016)
Journal Article
Guan, G., Hirsch, M., Syam, W. P., Leach, R. K., Huang, Z., & Clare, A. T. (2016). Loose powder detection and surface characterization in selective laser sintering via optical coherence tomography. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 472(2191), Article 20160201. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0201

Defects produced during selective laser sintering (SLS) are difficult to non-destructively detect after build completion without the use of X-ray-based methods. Overcoming this issue by assessing integrity on a layer-by-layer basis has become an area... Read More about Loose powder detection and surface characterization in selective laser sintering via optical coherence tomography.

An integrated measurement method for complex micro-scale geometries (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Rabani, A., Senin, N., Helmli, F., Butler-Smith, P., & Leach, R. K. (2016). An integrated measurement method for complex micro-scale geometries.

Micro-scale geometries are becoming commonplace in many high-precision manufacturing applications. Micro-drilling processes, for example, are being employed for producing holes in demanding applications involving fluid transfer, atomisers and micro-m... Read More about An integrated measurement method for complex micro-scale geometries.

Towards uncertainty in dimensional metrology of surface features for advanced manufacturing (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Musso, G., Senin, N., Galetto, M., & Leach, R. K. (2016). Towards uncertainty in dimensional metrology of surface features for advanced manufacturing.

In previous work, an original approach was developed for the dimensional characterisation of surface features on parts and test artefacts, aimed at supporting researchers involved in the study of advanced manufacturing processes. In the approach, met... Read More about Towards uncertainty in dimensional metrology of surface features for advanced manufacturing.

Investigating mechanical characteristics of styli for micro-CMMs (2016)
Conference Proceeding
Ismail, M., Tseng, K., Claverley, J. D., Sheu, D., Chetwynd, D., & Leach, R. K. (2016). Investigating mechanical characteristics of styli for micro-CMMs.

The mechanical characteristics of styli for micro coordinate measuring machines (micro-CMMs) is of importance because of the major effect the styli have on the performance and capability of micro-CMMs. Previous work has focussed on the design of the... Read More about Investigating mechanical characteristics of styli for micro-CMMs.

Phase and fringe order determination in wavelength scanning interferometry (2016)
Journal Article
Moschetti, G., Forbes, A., Leach, R. K., Jiang, X., & O'Connor, D. (2016). Phase and fringe order determination in wavelength scanning interferometry. Optics Express, 24(8), 8997-9012. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.008997

A method to obtain unambiguous surface height measurements using wavelength scanning interferometry with an improved repeatability, comparable to that obtainable using phase shifting interferometry, is reported. Rather than determining the conventio... Read More about Phase and fringe order determination in wavelength scanning interferometry.

Performance assessment of a new variable stiffness probing system for micro-CMMs (2016)
Journal Article
Alblahaihid, K., Kinnell, P., Lawes, S., Desgaches, D., & Leach, R. K. (2016). Performance assessment of a new variable stiffness probing system for micro-CMMs. Sensors, 16(4), Article 492. https://doi.org/10.3390/s16040492

When designing micro-scale tactile probes, a design trade-off must be made between the stiffness and flexibility of the probing element. The probe must be flexible enough to ensure sensitive parts are not damaged during contact, but it must be stiff... Read More about Performance assessment of a new variable stiffness probing system for micro-CMMs.

Review of post-process optical form metrology for industrial-grade metal additive manufactured parts (2016)
Journal Article
Stavroulakis, P., & Leach, R. K. (2016). Review of post-process optical form metrology for industrial-grade metal additive manufactured parts. Review of Scientific Instruments, 87(4), Article 041101. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4944983

The scope of this review is to investigate the main post-process optical form measurement technologies available in industry today and to determine whether they are applicable to industrial-grade metal additive manufactured parts. An in-depth review... Read More about Review of post-process optical form metrology for industrial-grade metal additive manufactured parts.

Review of in-situ process monitoring and in-situ metrology for metal additive manufacturing (2016)
Journal Article
Everton, S. K., Hirsch, M., Stravroulakis, P., Leach, R. K., & Clare, A. T. (2016). Review of in-situ process monitoring and in-situ metrology for metal additive manufacturing. Materials and Design, 95, 431-445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.01.099

Lack of assurance of quality with additively manufactured (AM) parts is a key technological barrier that prevents manufacturers from adopting AM technologies, especially for high-value applications where component failure cannot be tolerated. Develop... Read More about Review of in-situ process monitoring and in-situ metrology for metal additive manufacturing.

Study of manufacturing and measurement reproducibility on a laser textured structured surface (2016)
Journal Article
MacAulay, G. D., Senin, N., Giusca, C. L., & Leach, R. K. (2016). Study of manufacturing and measurement reproducibility on a laser textured structured surface. Measurement, 94, 942-948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2016.03.042

In recent years there has been increasing interest in the use of structured surfaces to provide specific functional performance. Such surfaces often consist of localised micro-scale surface features with predetermined geometries. The performance of t... Read More about Study of manufacturing and measurement reproducibility on a laser textured structured surface.

An international comparison of surface texture parameters quantification on polymer artefacts using optical instruments (2016)
Journal Article
Tosello, G., Haitjema, H., Leach, R. K., Quagliotti, D., Gasparin, S., & Hansen, H. (in press). An international comparison of surface texture parameters quantification on polymer artefacts using optical instruments. CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, 65(1), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2016.04.003

An international comparison of optical instruments measuring polymer surfaces with arithmetic mean height values in the sub-micrometre range has been carried out. The comparison involved sixteen optical surface texture instruments (focus variation in... Read More about An international comparison of surface texture parameters quantification on polymer artefacts using optical instruments.

Quantification and characterisation of porosity in selectively laser melted Al–Si10–Mg using x-ray computed tomography (2016)
Journal Article
Maskery, I., Aboulkhair, N., Corfield, M., Tuck, C., Clare, A., Leach, R. K., …Hague, R. J. (2016). Quantification and characterisation of porosity in selectively laser melted Al–Si10–Mg using x-ray computed tomography. Materials Characterization, 111, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2015.12.001

We used X-ray computed tomography (CT), microscopy and hardness measurements to study Al–Si10–Mg produced by selective laser melting (SLM). Specimens were subject to a series of heat treatments including annealing and precipitation hardening. The spe... Read More about Quantification and characterisation of porosity in selectively laser melted Al–Si10–Mg using x-ray computed tomography.