Hypothalamic Interactions Between Neuropeptide Y, Agouti-Related Protein, Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript and Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone In Vitro in Male Rats

Dhillo, W. S.; Small, C. J.; Stanley, S. A.; Jethwa, P. H.; Seal, L. J.; Murphy, K. G.; Ghatei, M. A.; Bloom, S. R.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2826.2002.00832.x

Prokineticin 2 is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that potently inhibits food intake (2009)
Journal Article
Gardiner, J. V., Bataveljic, A., Patel, N. A., Bewick, G. A., Roy, D., Campbell, D., …Dhillo, W. S. (2010). Prokineticin 2 is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that potently inhibits food intake. Diabetes, 59(2), 397-406. https://doi.org/10.2337/db09-1198

OBJECTIVE-Prokineticin 2 (PK2) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide expressed in central nervous system areas known to be involved in food intake. We therefore hypothesized that PK2 plays a role in energy homeostasis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - We inves... Read More about Prokineticin 2 is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that potently inhibits food intake.

The role of histamine 3 receptors in the control of food intake in a seasonal model of obesity: The Siberian hamster (2009)
Journal Article
Jethwa, P. H., Barrett, P., Turnbull, Y., Enright, R. A., Warner, A., Murphy, M., & Ebling, F. J. (2009). The role of histamine 3 receptors in the control of food intake in a seasonal model of obesity: The Siberian hamster. Behavioural Pharmacology, 20(2), 155-165. https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0b013e32832a8099

Siberian hamsters develop hypophagia and increase catabolism of fat reserves in response to short photoperiods resulting in a natural loss of body weight in winter. We previously found that histamine 3 receptor (H3R) mRNA in the posterior hypothalamu... Read More about The role of histamine 3 receptors in the control of food intake in a seasonal model of obesity: The Siberian hamster.

Loss of prokineticin receptor 2 signaling predisposes mice to torpor (2008)
Journal Article
Jethwa, P. H., I'Anson, H., Warner, A., Prosser, H. M., Hastings, M. H., Maywood, E. S., & Ebling, F. J. (2008). Loss of prokineticin receptor 2 signaling predisposes mice to torpor. AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 294(6), R1968-R1979. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00778.2007

The genes encoding prokineticin 2 polypeptide (Prok2) and its cognate receptor (Prokr2/Gpcr73l1) are widely expressed in both the suprachiasmatic nucleus and its hypothalamic targets, and this signaling pathway has been implicated in the circadian re... Read More about Loss of prokineticin receptor 2 signaling predisposes mice to torpor.

Role of VGF-derived peptides in the control of food intake, body weight and reproduction (2008)
Journal Article
Jethwa, P. H., & Ebling, F. J. P. (2008). Role of VGF-derived peptides in the control of food intake, body weight and reproduction. Neuroendocrinology, 88(2), 80-87. https://doi.org/10.1159/000127319

VGF is a 68-kDa polypeptide synthesized in neuronal and neuroendocrine cells. It is cleaved into a number of smaller peptides which are stored in dense core vesicles and are likely to be secreted products. The VGF gene is expressed abundantly in the... Read More about Role of VGF-derived peptides in the control of food intake, body weight and reproduction.

VGF-derived peptide, TLQP-21, regulates food intake and body weight in Siberian hamsters (2007)
Journal Article
Jethwa, P. H., Warner, A., Nilaweera, K. N., Brameld, J. M., Keyte, J. W., Carter, W. G., …Ebling, F. J. (2007). VGF-derived peptide, TLQP-21, regulates food intake and body weight in Siberian hamsters. Endocrinology, 148(8), 4044-4055. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2007-0038

The Siberian hamster survives winter by decreasing food intake and catabolizing abdominal fat reserves, resulting in a sustained, profound loss of body weight. VGF gene expression is photoperiodically regulated in the hypothalamus with significantly... Read More about VGF-derived peptide, TLQP-21, regulates food intake and body weight in Siberian hamsters.

Hypothalamic thyroid hormone catabolism acts as a gatekeeper for the seasonal control of body weight and reproduction (2007)
Journal Article
Barrett, P., Ebling, F. J., Schuhler, S., Wilson, D., Ross, A. W., Warner, A., …Morgan, P. J. (2007). Hypothalamic thyroid hormone catabolism acts as a gatekeeper for the seasonal control of body weight and reproduction. Endocrinology, 148(8), 3608-3617. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2007-0316

Seasonal adaptations in physiology exhibited by many animals involve an interface between biological timing and specific neuroendocrine systems, but the molecular basis of this interface is unknown. In this study of Siberian hamsters, we show that th... Read More about Hypothalamic thyroid hormone catabolism acts as a gatekeeper for the seasonal control of body weight and reproduction.

Chronic subcutaneous administration of kisspeptin-54 causes testicular degeneration in adult male rats (2006)
Journal Article
Thompson, E. L., Murphy, K. G., Patterson, M., Bewick, G. A., Stamp, G. W., Curtis, A. E., …Bloom, S. R. (2006). Chronic subcutaneous administration of kisspeptin-54 causes testicular degeneration in adult male rats. AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 291(5), https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00040.2006

The kisspeptins are KiSS-1 gene-derived peptides that signal through the G protein-coupled receptor-54 (GPR54) and have recently been shown to be critical regulators of reproduction. Acute intracerebroventricular or peripheral administration of kissp... Read More about Chronic subcutaneous administration of kisspeptin-54 causes testicular degeneration in adult male rats.

Neuromedin U partially mediates leptin-induced hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA) stimulation and has a physiological role in the regulation of the HPA axis in the rat (2006)
Journal Article
Jethwa, P. H., Smith, K. L., Small, C. J., Abbott, C. R., Darch, S. J., Murphy, K. G., …Bloom, S. R. (2006). Neuromedin U partially mediates leptin-induced hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA) stimulation and has a physiological role in the regulation of the HPA axis in the rat. Endocrinology, 147(6), 2886-2892. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2005-0983

Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of the hypothalamic neuropeptide neuromedin U (NMU) or the adipostat hormone leptin increases plasma ACTH and corticosterone. The relationship between leptin and NMU in the regulation of the hypothalamo-pi... Read More about Neuromedin U partially mediates leptin-induced hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA) stimulation and has a physiological role in the regulation of the HPA axis in the rat.

Hypothalamic cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) and agouti-related protein (AgRP) neurons coexpress the NOP1 receptor and nociceptin alters CART and AgRP release (2005)
Journal Article
Bewick, G. A., Dhillo, W. S., Darch, S. J., Murphy, K. G., Gardiner, J. V., Jethwa, P. H., …Bloom, S. R. (2005). Hypothalamic cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) and agouti-related protein (AgRP) neurons coexpress the NOP1 receptor and nociceptin alters CART and AgRP release. Endocrinology, 146(8), 3526-3534. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2004-1659

Nociceptin or orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) and its receptor NOP1 are expressed in hypothalamic nuclei involved in energy homeostasis. N/OFQ administered by intracerebroventricular or arcuate nucleus (ARC) injection increases food intake in satiated rats. The... Read More about Hypothalamic cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) and agouti-related protein (AgRP) neurons coexpress the NOP1 receptor and nociceptin alters CART and AgRP release.

Neuromedin U has a physiological role in the regulation of food intake and partially mediates the effects of leptin (2005)
Journal Article
Jethwa, P. H., Small, C. J., Smith, K. L., Seth, A., Darch, S. J., Abbott, C. R., …Bloom, S. R. (2005). Neuromedin U has a physiological role in the regulation of food intake and partially mediates the effects of leptin. AJP - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 289(2), E301-E305. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00404.2004

Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of Neuromedin U (NMU), a hypothalamic neuropeptide, or leptin, an adipostat hormone released from adipose tissue, reduces food intake and increases energy expenditure. Leptin stimulates the release of NMU... Read More about Neuromedin U has a physiological role in the regulation of food intake and partially mediates the effects of leptin.

Galanin-Like Peptide Stimulates the Release of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in Vitro and May Mediate the Effects of Leptin on the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis (2004)
Journal Article
Seth, A., Stanley, S., Jethwa, P., Gardiner, J., Ghatei, M., & Bloom, S. (2004). Galanin-Like Peptide Stimulates the Release of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in Vitro and May Mediate the Effects of Leptin on the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis. Endocrinology, 145(2), 743-750. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2003-0873

Leptin regulates the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis in relation to nutritional status. The mechanism through which leptin mediates its effects on neuroendocrine reproductive circuits remains unclear. Galanin-like peptide (GALP) is a recently iden... Read More about Galanin-Like Peptide Stimulates the Release of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in Vitro and May Mediate the Effects of Leptin on the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis.

Paraventricular nucleus administration of calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits food intake and stimulates the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (2003)
Journal Article
Dhillo, W. S., Small, C. J., Jethwa, P. H., Russell, S. H., Gardiner, J. V., Bewick, G. A., …Bloom, S. R. (2003). Paraventricular nucleus administration of calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits food intake and stimulates the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. Endocrinology, 144(4), 1420-1425. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2002-220902

Calcitonin gene-related protein (CGRP) inhibits food intake and stimulates the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis after intracerebroventricular injection in rats. However, the hypothalamic site and mechanism of action are unknown. We investigat... Read More about Paraventricular nucleus administration of calcitonin gene-related peptide inhibits food intake and stimulates the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis.

Agouti-related protein has an inhibitory paracrine role in the rat adrenal gland (2003)
Journal Article
Dhillo, W. S., Small, C. J., Gardiner, J. V., Bewick, G. A., Whitworth, E. J., Jethwa, P. H., …Bloom, S. R. (2003). Agouti-related protein has an inhibitory paracrine role in the rat adrenal gland. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 301(1), 102-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X%2802%2902991-1

α-Melanocyte-stimulating-hormone (α-MSH) is an agonist at the melanocortin 3 receptor (MC3-R) and melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4-R). α-MSH stimulates corticosterone release from rat adrenal glomerulosa cells in vitro. Agouti-related protein (AgRP) an e... Read More about Agouti-related protein has an inhibitory paracrine role in the rat adrenal gland.

Hypothalamic Actions of Neuromedin U (2002)
Journal Article
Wren, A. M., Small, C. J., Abbott, C. R., Jethwa, P. H., Kennedy, A. R., Murphy, K. G., …Bloom, S. R. (2002). Hypothalamic Actions of Neuromedin U. Endocrinology, 143(11), 4227-4234. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2002-220308

The central nervous system and gut peptide neuromedin U (NMU) inhibits feeding after intracerebroventricular injection. This study explored the hypothalamic actions of NMU on feeding and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis. Intraparaventricular nu... Read More about Hypothalamic Actions of Neuromedin U.

Hypothalamic Interactions Between Neuropeptide Y, Agouti-Related Protein, Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript and Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone In Vitro in Male Rats (2002)
Journal Article
Dhillo, W. S., Small, C. J., Stanley, S. A., Jethwa, P. H., Seal, L. J., Murphy, K. G., …Bloom, S. R. (2002). Hypothalamic Interactions Between Neuropeptide Y, Agouti-Related Protein, Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript and Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone In Vitro in Male Rats. Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 14(9), 725-730. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2002.00832.x

A number of neuropeptides implicated in the hypothalamic regulation of appetite are synthesized in the arcuate nucleus (Arc). Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related protein (Agrp) are orexigenic. The pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) product alpha-melanoc... Read More about Hypothalamic Interactions Between Neuropeptide Y, Agouti-Related Protein, Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript and Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone In Vitro in Male Rats.

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