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Predicting the Behaviour of Near-Critical and Supercritical Alcohols at Microwave Frequencies: Validation of Molecular Dynamic Simulations as a Tool that can Substitute for Measurements under Extreme Experimental Conditions (2019)
Journal Article
Robinson, D., Irvine, D. J., Robinson, J. P., Lester, E. H., Kingman, S. W., & Dimitrakis, G. (2019). Predicting the Behaviour of Near-Critical and Supercritical Alcohols at Microwave Frequencies: Validation of Molecular Dynamic Simulations as a Tool that can Substitute for Measurements under Extreme Experimental Conditions. Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 146, 165-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2019.01.018

Equilibrium and non-equilibrium molecular dynamic simulations, predicting the dielectric properties of near-critical and supercritical methanol and ethanol at microwave frequencies have been carried out. The autocorrelation functions of the dielectri... Read More about Predicting the Behaviour of Near-Critical and Supercritical Alcohols at Microwave Frequencies: Validation of Molecular Dynamic Simulations as a Tool that can Substitute for Measurements under Extreme Experimental Conditions.

The relationship of dielectric response and water activity in food (2018)
Journal Article
Renshaw, R. C., Dimitrakis, G. A., Robinson, J. P., & Kingman, S. W. (2019). The relationship of dielectric response and water activity in food. Journal of Food Engineering, 244, 80-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.08.037

This study has deduced a correlation between points of inflection of water activity and loss factor with respect to moisture content. A point of inflection in loss factor with respect to moisture content was found to coincide with the sorption isothe... Read More about The relationship of dielectric response and water activity in food.

Wet steam measurement techniques (2018)
Journal Article
Walker, D., Barham, S., Giddings, D., & Dimitrakis, G. (2019). Wet steam measurement techniques. Reviews in Chemical Engineering, 35(5), 627-648. https://doi.org/10.1515/revce-2017-0078

In recent years a greater need for power station efficiency has become evident; improving turbine blade efficiency is one of the methods proposed. This efficiency relies upon the wetness of the steam that comes into contact with the blades of the low... Read More about Wet steam measurement techniques.

Churn flow in high viscosity oils and large diameter columns (2017)
Journal Article
Mohammed, S. K., Hasan, A., Dimitrakis, G., & Azzopardi, B. J. (2018). Churn flow in high viscosity oils and large diameter columns. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 100, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.11.018

Churn flow is an important intermediate flow regimoccurring in between slug and annular flow patterns in two-phase flow, with profound implications in chemical and petroleum industry. The majority of studies to date in churn flow has been carried out... Read More about Churn flow in high viscosity oils and large diameter columns.

Selective molecular annealing: in situ small angle X-ray scattering study of microwave-assisted annealing of block copolymers (2017)
Journal Article
Toolan, D. T., Adlington, K., Isakova, A., Kalamiotis, A., Mokarian-Tabari, P., Dimitrakis, G., …Howse, J. R. (2017). Selective molecular annealing: in situ small angle X-ray scattering study of microwave-assisted annealing of block copolymers. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 19(31), 20412--20419. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cp03578k

Microwave annealing has emerged as an alternative to traditional thermal annealing approaches for optimising block copolymer self-assembly. A novel sample environment enabling small angle X-ray scattering to be performed in situ during microwave anne... Read More about Selective molecular annealing: in situ small angle X-ray scattering study of microwave-assisted annealing of block copolymers.

Exemplification of catalyst design for microwave selective heating and its application to efficient in situ catalyst synthesis (2017)
Journal Article
Wang, K., Dimitrakis, G., & Irvine, D. J. (2017). Exemplification of catalyst design for microwave selective heating and its application to efficient in situ catalyst synthesis. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 122, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2017.01.012

The use of dielectric spectroscopy to develop an underpinning understanding of the molecular transformations involved in achieving the successful, rapid in situ synthesis of a catalytic chain transfer polymerisation (CCTP) catalyst using microwave he... Read More about Exemplification of catalyst design for microwave selective heating and its application to efficient in situ catalyst synthesis.

Traceable measurement and imaging of the complex permittivity of a multiphase mineral specimen at micron scales using a microwave microscope (2016)
Journal Article
Gregory, A., Blackburn, J., Hodgetts, T., Clarke, R., Lees, K., Plint, S., & Dimitrakis, G. (2017). Traceable measurement and imaging of the complex permittivity of a multiphase mineral specimen at micron scales using a microwave microscope. Ultramicroscopy, 172, 65-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2016.11.001

This paper describes traceable measurements of the dielectric permittivity and loss tangent of a multiphase material (particulate rock set in epoxy) at micron scales using a resonant Near-Field Scanning Microwave Microscope (NSMM) at 1.2 GHz. Calibra... Read More about Traceable measurement and imaging of the complex permittivity of a multiphase mineral specimen at micron scales using a microwave microscope.

Facile Determination of Molecular Structure Trends in Amphiphilic Core Corona Star Polymer Synthesis via Dielectric Property Measurement (2016)
Journal Article
Katrib, J., Irvine, D., Hild, F., Nguyen, N., Deng, E., Dimitrakis, G., & Lau, P. (2016). Facile Determination of Molecular Structure Trends in Amphiphilic Core Corona Star Polymer Synthesis via Dielectric Property Measurement. Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 37(15), 1295-1299. doi:10.1002/marc.201600149

The use of dielectric property measurements to define specific trends in the molecular structures of poly(caprolactone) containing star polymers and/or the interbatch repeatability of the synthetic procedures used to generate them is demonstrated. Th... Read More about Facile Determination of Molecular Structure Trends in Amphiphilic Core Corona Star Polymer Synthesis via Dielectric Property Measurement.

Characterisation of potato crisp effective porosity using micro-CT (2016)
Journal Article
Renshaw, R. C., Robinson, J. P., Dimitrakis, G., Bows, J. R., & Kingman, S. W. (2016). Characterisation of potato crisp effective porosity using micro-CT. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 96(13), 4440-4448. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.7655

Background The effective porosity is an important quantitative parameter for food products that has a significant effect on taste and quality. It is challenging to quantify the apparent porosity of fried potato crisps as they have a thin irregular... Read More about Characterisation of potato crisp effective porosity using micro-CT.

Molecular differentiated initiator reactivity in the synthesis of poly(caprolactone)-based hydrophobic homopolymer and amphiphilic core corona star polymers (2015)
Journal Article
Deng, E., Nguyen, N. T., Hild, F., Hamilton, I. E., Dimitrakis, G., Kingman, S. W., …Irvine, D. J. (2015). Molecular differentiated initiator reactivity in the synthesis of poly(caprolactone)-based hydrophobic homopolymer and amphiphilic core corona star polymers. Molecules, 20(11), 20131-20145. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules201119681

Macromolecules that possess three-dimensional, branched molecular structures are of great interest because they exhibit significantly differentiated application performance compared to conventional linear (straight chain) polymers. This paper reports... Read More about Molecular differentiated initiator reactivity in the synthesis of poly(caprolactone)-based hydrophobic homopolymer and amphiphilic core corona star polymers.

Improving the design of industrial microwave processing systems through prediction of the dielectric properties of complex multi-layered materials (2015)
Journal Article
Katrib, J., Folorunso, O., Dodds, C., Dimitrakis, G., & Kingman, S. W. (2015). Improving the design of industrial microwave processing systems through prediction of the dielectric properties of complex multi-layered materials. Journal of Materials Science, 50(23), 7591-7599. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-9319-z

Rigorous design of industrial microwave processing systems requires in-depth knowledge of the dielectric properties of the materials to be processed. These values are not easy to measure, particularly when a material is multi-layered containing multi... Read More about Improving the design of industrial microwave processing systems through prediction of the dielectric properties of complex multi-layered materials.

Understanding the scabbling of concrete using microwave energy (2015)
Journal Article
Buttress, A., Jones, D., Dodds, C., Dimitrakis, G., Dawson, A., & Kingman, S. (in press). Understanding the scabbling of concrete using microwave energy. Cement and Concrete Research, 75, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2015.04.009

This paper reports on the use of microwave energy to scabble concrete. While the technique is not new, little information exists relating to the controllability of the process, the effect of different types of concrete and the performance and durabil... Read More about Understanding the scabbling of concrete using microwave energy.

A concise review on microwave-assisted polycondensation reactions and curing of polycondensation polymers with focus on the effect of process conditions (2014)
Journal Article
Komorowska-Durka, M., Dimitrakis, G., Bogda?, D., Stankiewicz, A., & Stefanidis, G. (2014). A concise review on microwave-assisted polycondensation reactions and curing of polycondensation polymers with focus on the effect of process conditions. Chemical Engineering Journal, 264, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.11.087

During the past 15 years, increasing application of microwave heating to polycondensation reactions has been witnessed. Experiments have been carried out at laboratory scale using widely different experimental procedures. The use of microwaves has of... Read More about A concise review on microwave-assisted polycondensation reactions and curing of polycondensation polymers with focus on the effect of process conditions.

Factors affecting the microwave coking of coals and the implications on microwave cavity design (2014)
Journal Article
Binner, E., Medeira-Munoyerro, M., Huddle, T., Kingman, S., Dodds, C., Dimitrakis, G., …Lester, E. (2014). Factors affecting the microwave coking of coals and the implications on microwave cavity design. Fuel Processing Technology, 125, 8-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2014.03.006

The work carried out in this paper assessed how processing conditions and feedstock affect the quality of the coke produced during microwave coke making. The aim was to gather information that would support the development of an optimised microwave c... Read More about Factors affecting the microwave coking of coals and the implications on microwave cavity design.

Enhanced ‘in situ’ catalysis via microwave selective heating: catalytic chain transfer polymerisation (2014)
Journal Article
Adlington, K., McSweeney, R., Dimitrakis, G., Kingman, S. W., Robinson, J. P., & Irvine, D. J. (2014). Enhanced ‘in situ’ catalysis via microwave selective heating: catalytic chain transfer polymerisation. RSC Advances, 4(31), 16172-16180. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ra00907j

An extremely facile, single stage, ‘in-situ’, Catalytic Chain Transfer Polymerisation (CCTP) process has been identified, where the optimal polymerisation process was shown to depend upon a combination of catalyst characteristics (i.e. solubility, se... Read More about Enhanced ‘in situ’ catalysis via microwave selective heating: catalytic chain transfer polymerisation.

Separation of oil/water emulsions in continuous flow using microwave heating (2013)
Journal Article
Binner, E., Robinson, J. P., Kingman, S., Lester, E., Azzopardi, B. J., Dimitrakis, G., & Briggs, J. (2013). Separation of oil/water emulsions in continuous flow using microwave heating. Energy and Fuels, 27(6), https://doi.org/10.1021/ef400634n

This work studies a continuous flow microwave system to enhance gravity settling of water-in-oil emulsions. Settling times were found to be dependent upon the applied power, flowrate and energy input. Power and energy input are linked to liquid flowr... Read More about Separation of oil/water emulsions in continuous flow using microwave heating.