Skip to main content

Research Repository

Advanced Search

All Outputs (577)

Accessing scientific information (2017)
Journal Article
Escobedo, Á., de Armas, Y., Castelló González, M., & Choonara, I. (2017). Accessing scientific information. Revista cubana de medicina tropical, 69(2),

Practising evidence based medicine is recognised as essential to ensure that patients receive the best possible treatment. For health professionals to be able to practice evidence based medicine, they need to be able to access scientific information.... Read More about Accessing scientific information.

Indentifying published studies of care home research: an international survey of researchers (2017)
Journal Article
Burton, J. K., Quinn, T. J., Gordon, A. L., MacLullich, A. M., Reynish, E. L., & Shenkin, S. D. (2017). Indentifying published studies of care home research: an international survey of researchers. Journal of Nursing Home Research, 3(2017), https://doi.org/10.14283/jnhrs.2017.15

Collating the published research around institutional, long term care is confounded by the differing terminologies used to describe this health-care setting. We aimed to collate the descriptors used by researchers to inform the future development of... Read More about Indentifying published studies of care home research: an international survey of researchers.

Optimal NHS service delivery to care homes: a realist evaluation of the features and mechanisms that support effective working for the continuing care of older people in residential settings (2017)
Journal Article
Goodman, C., Davies, S. L., Gordon, A. L., Dening, T., Gage, H., Meyer, J., …Zubair, M. (2017). Optimal NHS service delivery to care homes: a realist evaluation of the features and mechanisms that support effective working for the continuing care of older people in residential settings. Health Services and Delivery Research, 5(29), https://doi.org/10.3310/hsdr05290

Background: Care homes are the institutional providers of long-term care for older people. The OPTIMAL study argued that it is probable that there are key activities within different models of health-care provision that are important for residents’ h... Read More about Optimal NHS service delivery to care homes: a realist evaluation of the features and mechanisms that support effective working for the continuing care of older people in residential settings.

Human skeletal muscle is refractory to the anabolic effects of leucine during the postprandial muscle-full period in older men (2017)
Journal Article
Mitchell, W. K., Phillips, B. E., Hill, I., Greenhaff, P. L., Lund, J. N., Williams, J. P., …Atherton, P. J. (2017). Human skeletal muscle is refractory to the anabolic effects of leucine during the postprandial muscle-full period in older men. Clinical Science, 131(21), https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20171230

Leucine modulates muscle protein synthesis (MPS), with potential to facilitate accrual/maintenance of muscle mass. Animal models suggest that leucine boluses shortly after meals may prolong MPS and delay onset of a “muscle-full” state. However, the e... Read More about Human skeletal muscle is refractory to the anabolic effects of leucine during the postprandial muscle-full period in older men.

Cannabidiol and palmitoylethanolamide are anti-inflammatory in the acutely inflamed human colon (2017)
Journal Article
Couch, D. G., Tasker, C., Theophilidou, E., Lund, J. N., & O'Sullivan, S. (2017). Cannabidiol and palmitoylethanolamide are anti-inflammatory in the acutely inflamed human colon. Clinical Science, 131(21), https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20171288

Objective: We sought to quantify the anti-inflammatory effects of two cannabinoid drugs, cannabidiol (CBD) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), in cultured cell lines and compared this effect with experimentally inflamed explant human colonic tissue. The... Read More about Cannabidiol and palmitoylethanolamide are anti-inflammatory in the acutely inflamed human colon.

The clinical utility and cost impact of cystatin C measurement in the diagnosis and management of chronic kidney disease: A primary care cohort study (2017)
Journal Article
Shardlow, A., McIntyre, N. J., Fraser, S. D., Roderick, P., Raftery, J., Fluck, R. J., …Taal, M. W. (2017). The clinical utility and cost impact of cystatin C measurement in the diagnosis and management of chronic kidney disease: A primary care cohort study. PLoS Medicine, 14(10), Article e1002400. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002400

© 2017 Shardlow et al. Background: To reduce over-diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) resulting from the inaccuracy of creatinine-based estimates of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), UK and international guidelines recommend that cystatin-C-bas... Read More about The clinical utility and cost impact of cystatin C measurement in the diagnosis and management of chronic kidney disease: A primary care cohort study.

Using comprehensive geriatric assessment for quality improvements in healthcare of older people in UK care homes: protocol for realist review within Proactive Healthcare of Older People in Care Homes (PEACH) study (2017)
Journal Article
Zubair, M., Chadborn, N., Gladman, J. R., Dening, T., Gordon, A. L., & Goodman, C. (2017). Using comprehensive geriatric assessment for quality improvements in healthcare of older people in UK care homes: protocol for realist review within Proactive Healthcare of Older People in Care Homes (PEACH) study. BMJ Open, 7(10), Article e017270. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017270

Introduction Care home residents are relatively high users of healthcare resources and may have complex needs. Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) may benefit care home residents and improve efficiency of care delivery. This is an approach t... Read More about Using comprehensive geriatric assessment for quality improvements in healthcare of older people in UK care homes: protocol for realist review within Proactive Healthcare of Older People in Care Homes (PEACH) study.

Medication errors in infants at home (2017)
Journal Article
Ojha, S., & Choonara, I. (in press). Medication errors in infants at home. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 102, https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2017-313007

The study by Solanki and colleagues involved interviewing 166 parents/grandparents at home regarding the medications that had been prescribed at discharge to their infants, by the hospital staff [1]. As part of the study, the parents were also asked... Read More about Medication errors in infants at home.

Effects of obesity on metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes following insulin initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes (2017)
Journal Article
Anyanwagu, U., Mamza, J., Donnelly, R., & Idris, I. (2018). Effects of obesity on metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes following insulin initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes. Obesity Research and Clinical Practice, 12(1), 72-84. doi:10.1016/j.orcp.2017.08.005

Objectives Insulin therapy induces weight gain but whether it causes long term adverse metabolic and CV outcomes in obese patients remains unclear. Methods A retrospective cohort study of 12,725 insulin initiators with T2D derived from UK Genera... Read More about Effects of obesity on metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes following insulin initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Multiparametric renal magnetic resonance imaging: validation, interventions, and alterations in chronic kidney disease (2017)
Journal Article
Cox, E. F., Buchanan, C. E., Bradley, C. R., Prestwich, B., Mahmoud, H., Taal, M., …Francis, S. T. (2017). Multiparametric renal magnetic resonance imaging: validation, interventions, and alterations in chronic kidney disease. Frontiers in Physiology, 8, Article 696. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.00696

Background: This paper outlines a multiparametric renal MRI acquisition and analysis protocol to allow non-invasive assessment of hemodynamics (renal artery blood flow and perfusion), oxygenation (BOLD T2*), and microstructure (diffusion, T1 mapping)... Read More about Multiparametric renal magnetic resonance imaging: validation, interventions, and alterations in chronic kidney disease.

A 4-week, lifestyle-integrated, home-based exercise training programme elicits improvements in physical function and lean mass in older men and women: a pilot study (2017)
Journal Article
Cegielski, J., Brook, M. S., Quinlan, J. I., Wilkinson, D. J., Smith, K., Atherton, P. J., & Phillips, B. E. (2017). A 4-week, lifestyle-integrated, home-based exercise training programme elicits improvements in physical function and lean mass in older men and women: a pilot study. F1000Research, https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.11894.2

Background: Developing alternative exercise programmes that can alleviate certain barriers to exercise such as psychological, environmental or socio-economical barriers, but provide similar physiological benefits e.g. increases in muscle mass and str... Read More about A 4-week, lifestyle-integrated, home-based exercise training programme elicits improvements in physical function and lean mass in older men and women: a pilot study.

A practical and time-efficient high-intensity interval training program modifies cardio-metabolic risk factors in adults with risk factors for type ii diabetes (2017)
Journal Article
Phillips, B. E., Kelly, B. M., Lilja, M., Ponce-González, J. G., Brogan, R. J., Morris, D. L., …Timmons, J. A. (2017). A practical and time-efficient high-intensity interval training program modifies cardio-metabolic risk factors in adults with risk factors for type ii diabetes. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 8, Article 229. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2017.00229

Introduction: Regular physical activity (PA) can reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, but adherence to time-orientated (150 min week−1 or more) PA guidelines is very poor. A practical and time-efficient PA regime that was equally efficaciou... Read More about A practical and time-efficient high-intensity interval training program modifies cardio-metabolic risk factors in adults with risk factors for type ii diabetes.

New horizons in geriatric medicine education and training: The need for pan-European education and training standards (2017)
Journal Article
Fisher, J. M., Masud, T., Holm, E., Roller-Wirnsberger, R., Stuck, A., Gordon, A. L., …Veninsek, G. (2017). New horizons in geriatric medicine education and training: The need for pan-European education and training standards. European Geriatric Medicine, 8(5-6), 467-473. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurger.2017.07.022

The ageing population ought to be celebrated as evidence for the efficacy of modern medicine, but the challenge that this demographic shift presents for 21st century healthcare systems, with increasing numbers of people living with multi-morbidity an... Read More about New horizons in geriatric medicine education and training: The need for pan-European education and training standards.

Physiological adaptations to resistance exercise as a function of age (2017)
Journal Article
Phillips, B. E., Williams, J. P., Greenhaff, P. L., Smith, K., & Atherton, P. J. (2017). Physiological adaptations to resistance exercise as a function of age. JCI insight, 2(17), Article e95581. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.95581

BACKGROUND. The impact of resistance exercise training (RE-T) across the life span is poorly defined. METHODS. To resolve this, we recruited three distinct age cohorts of young (18–28 years; n = 11), middle-aged (45–55 years; n = 20), and... Read More about Physiological adaptations to resistance exercise as a function of age.

Sodium MRI: a new frontier in imaging in nephrology (2017)
Journal Article
Francis, S. T., Buchanan, C., Prestwich, B., & Taal, M. W. (2017). Sodium MRI: a new frontier in imaging in nephrology. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension, 26(6), 435-441. https://doi.org/10.1097/MNH.0000000000000370

Purpose of review This review focuses on the recent technological advances in quantitative sodium (23Na) MRI to provide a noninvasive measure of tissue viability for use in clinical studies of patients with kidney disease. 23Na MRI is the only non... Read More about Sodium MRI: a new frontier in imaging in nephrology.

OP36 Decisions about smoking in patients screened with the early cdt-lung test for the early detection of lung cancer: a qualitative study (2017)
Journal Article
Young, B., Vedhara, K., Robertson, J., & das Nair, R. (in press). OP36 Decisions about smoking in patients screened with the early cdt-lung test for the early detection of lung cancer: a qualitative study. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 71(Supp 1), Article A19. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2017-SSMAbstracts.36

Background: Routine screening for lung cancer in high risk groups (characterised by age and smoking history) is recommended in the USA and may be implemented elsewhere. It is unclear whether being screened for lung cancer promotes smoking cessation... Read More about OP36 Decisions about smoking in patients screened with the early cdt-lung test for the early detection of lung cancer: a qualitative study.

Recent developments in deuterium oxide tracer approaches to measure rates of substrate turnover: implications for protein, lipid, and nucleic acid research (2017)
Journal Article
Brook, M. S., Wilkinson, D. J., Atherton, P. J., & Smith, K. (2017). Recent developments in deuterium oxide tracer approaches to measure rates of substrate turnover: implications for protein, lipid, and nucleic acid research. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 20(5), https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000000392

Purpose of review: Methods that inform on dynamic metabolism that can be applied to clinical populations to understand disease progression and responses to therapeutic interventions are of great importance. This review perspective will highlight rece... Read More about Recent developments in deuterium oxide tracer approaches to measure rates of substrate turnover: implications for protein, lipid, and nucleic acid research.