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Nucleolar protein 10 (NOP10) predicts poor prognosis in invasive breast cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Elsharawy, K. A., Althobiti, M., Mohammed, O. J., Aljohani, A. I., Toss, M. S., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. (2021). Nucleolar protein 10 (NOP10) predicts poor prognosis in invasive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 185(3), 615-627. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-020-05999-3

Purpose Nucleolar protein 10 (NOP10) is required for ribosome biogenesis and telomere maintenance and plays a key role in carcinogenesis. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and prognostic significance of NOP10 in breast cancer (BC). Methods... Read More about Nucleolar protein 10 (NOP10) predicts poor prognosis in invasive breast cancer.

The prognostic significance of Interferon Stimulated Gene 15 (ISG15) in invasive breast cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Kariri, Y., Alsaleem, M., Joseph, C., Alsaeed, S., Aljohani, A., Shiino, S., …Rakha, E. A. (2021). The prognostic significance of Interferon Stimulated Gene 15 (ISG15) in invasive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 185(2), 293–305. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-020-05955-1

Background Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a prognostic factor in early-stage invasive breast cancer (BC). Through bioinformatics, data analyses of multiple BC cohorts revealed the positive association between interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15... Read More about The prognostic significance of Interferon Stimulated Gene 15 (ISG15) in invasive breast cancer.

The clinical significance of oestrogen receptor expression in breast ductal carcinoma in situ (2020)
Journal Article
Miligy, I. M., Toss, M. S., Shiino, S., Oni, G., Syed, B. M., Khout, H., …Rakha, E. A. (2020). The clinical significance of oestrogen receptor expression in breast ductal carcinoma in situ. British Journal of Cancer, 123(10), 1513-1520. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-020-1023-3

Background: Oestrogen receptor (ER) in invasive breast cancer (BC) predicts response to endocrine therapy (ET) and provides prognostic value. In this study, we investigated the value of ER expression in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in terms of out... Read More about The clinical significance of oestrogen receptor expression in breast ductal carcinoma in situ.

Molecular Complexity of Lymphovascular Invasion: The Role of Cell Migration in Breast Cancer as a Prototype (2020)
Journal Article
Kariri, Y. A., Aleskandarany, M. A., Joseph, C., Toss, M. S., Kurozumi, S., Mohammed, O. J., …Rakha, E. A. (2020). Molecular Complexity of Lymphovascular Invasion: The Role of Cell Migration in Breast Cancer as a Prototype. Pathobiology, 87, 218–231. https://doi.org/10.1159/000508337

Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is associated with poor outcome in breast cancer (BC); however, its underlying mechanisms remain ill-defined. LVI in BC develops through complex molecular pathways involving not only the interplay with the surrounding mi... Read More about Molecular Complexity of Lymphovascular Invasion: The Role of Cell Migration in Breast Cancer as a Prototype.

The prognostic significance of BMI1 expression in invasive breast cancer is dependent on its molecular subtypes (2020)
Journal Article
Althobiti, M., Muftah, A. A., Aleskandarany, M. A., Joseph, C., Toss, M. S., Green, A., & Rakha, E. (2020). The prognostic significance of BMI1 expression in invasive breast cancer is dependent on its molecular subtypes. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 182, 581–589. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-020-05719-x

Purpose: BMI-1, which is a major component of the polycomb group complex 1 is an essential epigenetic repressor of multiple regulatory genes and has been identified as a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker in several cancers. However, its role in breast c... Read More about The prognostic significance of BMI1 expression in invasive breast cancer is dependent on its molecular subtypes.

A novel prognostic two-gene signature for triple negative breast cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Alsaleem, M. A., Ball, G., Toss, M. S., Raafat, S., Aleskandarany, M., Joseph, C., …Rakha, E. (2020). A novel prognostic two-gene signature for triple negative breast cancer. Modern Pathology, 33, 2208–2220. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41379-020-0563-7

The absence of a robust risk stratification tool for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) underlies imprecise and non-selective treatment of these patients with cytotoxic chemotherapy. This study aimed to interrogate transcriptomes of TNBC resected s... Read More about A novel prognostic two-gene signature for triple negative breast cancer.

The prognostic significance of ALDH1A1 expression in early invasive breast cancer (2020)
Journal Article
Althobiti, M., El Ansari, R., Aleskandarany, M., Joseph, C., Toss, M. S., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. A. (2020). The prognostic significance of ALDH1A1 expression in early invasive breast cancer. Histopathology, 77(3), 437-448. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.14129

Aims: Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A1 (ALDH1A1)is reportedly a key ALDH isozyme linked to the cancer stem cells (CSC) of many solid tumours, where it is involved in self-renewal, differentiation and self-protection. In this study, the progn... Read More about The prognostic significance of ALDH1A1 expression in early invasive breast cancer.

The prognostic significance of immune microenvironment in breast ductal carcinoma in situ (2020)
Journal Article
Toss, M. S., Abidi, A., Lesche, D., Joseph, C., Mahale, S., Saunders, H., …Rakha, E. A. (2020). The prognostic significance of immune microenvironment in breast ductal carcinoma in situ. British Journal of Cancer, 122, 1496–1506. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-020-0797-7

Background The role of different subtypes of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is still poorly defined. This study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of B and T lymphocytes and immune checkpo... Read More about The prognostic significance of immune microenvironment in breast ductal carcinoma in situ.

XRCC1 deficient triple negative breast cancers are sensitive to ATR, ATM and Wee1 inhibitor either alone or in combination with olaparib (2020)
Journal Article
Ali, R., Alblihy, A., Toss, M. S., Algethami, M., Al Sunni, R., Green, A. R., …Madhusudan, S. (2020). XRCC1 deficient triple negative breast cancers are sensitive to ATR, ATM and Wee1 inhibitor either alone or in combination with olaparib. Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology, 12, 175883592097420. https://doi.org/10.1177/1758835920974201

Background: PARP inhibitor (PARPi) monotherapy is a new strategy in BRCA germ-line deficient triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, not all patients respond, and the development of resistance limits the use of PARPi monotherapy. Therefore, th... Read More about XRCC1 deficient triple negative breast cancers are sensitive to ATR, ATM and Wee1 inhibitor either alone or in combination with olaparib.

Prognostic Significance of Nucleolar Assessment in Invasive Breast Cancer (2019)
Journal Article
Elsharawy, K. A., Toss, M. S., Raaft, S. R., Ball, G., Green, A. R., Aleskandarany, M. A., …Rakha, E. A. (2020). Prognostic Significance of Nucleolar Assessment in Invasive Breast Cancer. Histopathology, 76(5), 671-684. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.14036

Aims: Nucleolar morphometric features have a potential role in the assessment of aggressiveness of many cancers. However, the role of nucleoli in invasive breast cancer (IBC) is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the optimal scoring metho... Read More about Prognostic Significance of Nucleolar Assessment in Invasive Breast Cancer.

Clinicopathological significance of lipocalin 2 nuclear expression in invasive breast cancer (2019)
Journal Article
Kurozumi, S., Alsaeed, S., Orah, N., Miligy, I. M., Joseph, C., Aljohani, A., …Rakha, E. A. (2020). Clinicopathological significance of lipocalin 2 nuclear expression in invasive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 179, 557–564. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-019-05488-2

PURPOSE: The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a key role in breast cancer progression and metastasis. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is involved in the regulation of EMT. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological significance... Read More about Clinicopathological significance of lipocalin 2 nuclear expression in invasive breast cancer.

Prognostic Significance of KN Motif and Ankyrin Repeat Domains 1 (KANK1) in Invasive Breast Cancer (2019)
Journal Article
Kariri, Y. A., Joseph, C., Kurozumi, S., Toss, M. S., Alsaleem, M., Raafat, S., …Rakha, E. A. (2020). Prognostic Significance of KN Motif and Ankyrin Repeat Domains 1 (KANK1) in Invasive Breast Cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 179(2), 349–357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-019-05466-8

Background: KN Motif and Ankyrin Repeat Domains 1 (KANK1) plays an important role in cytoskeleton maintenance and contributes to the regulation of cell proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis. KANK1 is involved in progression of a variety of solid tumo... Read More about Prognostic Significance of KN Motif and Ankyrin Repeat Domains 1 (KANK1) in Invasive Breast Cancer.

The prognostic significance of wild type isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) in breast cancer (2019)
Journal Article
Aljohani, A. I., Toss, M. S., Kurozumi, S., Joseph, C., Aleskandarany, M. A., Miligy, I. M., …Rakha, E. (2020). The prognostic significance of wild type isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 179(1), 79–90. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-019-05459-7

Background: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a prerequisite step in breast cancer (BC) metastasis. We have previously identified wild type isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) as a key putative driver of LVI. Thus, we explored the prognostic significanc... Read More about The prognostic significance of wild type isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) in breast cancer.

Retinoid X receptor gamma (RXRG) is an independent prognostic biomarker in ER-positive invasive breast cancer (2019)
Journal Article
Joseph, C., Al-Izzi, S., Alsaleem, M., Kurozumi, S., Toss, M., Arshad, M., …Rakha, E. A. (2019). Retinoid X receptor gamma (RXRG) is an independent prognostic biomarker in ER-positive invasive breast cancer. British Journal of Cancer, 121(9), 776-785. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-019-0589-0

© 2019, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Cancer Research UK. Background: Retinoid X Receptor Gamma (RXRG) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and plays a role in tumour suppression. This study aims to explore the prognostic signi... Read More about Retinoid X receptor gamma (RXRG) is an independent prognostic biomarker in ER-positive invasive breast cancer.

CDC20 expression in oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer predicts poor prognosis and lack of response to endocrine therapy (2019)
Journal Article
Alfarsi, L., Ansari, R. E., Craze, M. L., Toss, M. S., Masisi, B., Ellis, I. O., …Green, A. R. (2019). CDC20 expression in oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer predicts poor prognosis and lack of response to endocrine therapy. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 178(3), 535-544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-019-05420-8

Purpose Endocrine therapy is the standard treatment for oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer. Despite its efficacy, around half of patients will develop resistance to this treatment and eventually relapse. Identification of effective and... Read More about CDC20 expression in oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer predicts poor prognosis and lack of response to endocrine therapy.

Prognostic significance of cathepsin V (CTSV/CTSL2) in breast ductal carcinoma in situ (2019)
Journal Article
Toss, M. S., Miligy, I. M., Gorringe, K. L., Mittal, K., Green, A. R., Aneja, R., …Rakha, E. A. (2020). Prognostic significance of cathepsin V (CTSV/CTSL2) in breast ductal carcinoma in situ. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 73(2), 76-82. https://doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2019-205939

Aims: Cathepsin V (CTSV/CTSL2) is a lysosomal cystine proteinase and plays a role in extracellular matrix degradation. It is associated with poor prognosis in invasive breast cancer (IBC), but its role in breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) remain... Read More about Prognostic significance of cathepsin V (CTSV/CTSL2) in breast ductal carcinoma in situ.

A whole slide image-based machine learning approach to predict ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) recurrence risk (2019)
Journal Article
Klimov, S., Miligy, I. M., Gertych, A., Jiang, Y., Toss, M. S., Rida, P., …Aneja, R. (2019). A whole slide image-based machine learning approach to predict ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) recurrence risk. Breast Cancer Research, 21(1), Article 83. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13058-019-1165-5

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: Breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) represent approximately 20% of screen-detected breast cancers. The overall risk for DCIS patients treated with breast-conserving surgery stems almost exclusively from local recu... Read More about A whole slide image-based machine learning approach to predict ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) recurrence risk.

Cten promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer through stabilisation of Src (2019)
Journal Article
Asiri, A., Toss, M. S., Raposo, T. P., Akhlaq, M., Thorpe, H., Alfahed, A., …Ilyas, M. (2019). Cten promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer through stabilisation of Src. Pathology International, 69(7), 381-391. https://doi.org/10.1111/pin.12811

Cten is an oncogene promoting EMT in many signaling pathways, namely through Snail. We investigated whether Cten function could be mediated through Src. Cten levels were modulated by forced expression in HCT116 and gene knockdown in SW620 CRC (colore... Read More about Cten promotes Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer through stabilisation of Src.

The clinical and biological significance of HER2 over-expression in breast ductal carcinoma in situ: a large study from a single institution (2019)
Journal Article
Miligy, I. M., Toss, M. S., Gorringe, K. L., Lee, A. H., Ellis, I. O., Green, A. R., & Rakha, E. (2019). The clinical and biological significance of HER2 over-expression in breast ductal carcinoma in situ: a large study from a single institution. British Journal of Cancer, 120(11), 1075-1082. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41416-019-0436-3

© 2019, Cancer Research UK. Background: Previous studies have reported up to 50% of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), is HER2 positive, but the frequency of HER2-positive invasive breast cancer (IBC) is lower. The aim of this study is to characterise... Read More about The clinical and biological significance of HER2 over-expression in breast ductal carcinoma in situ: a large study from a single institution.