All Outputs (101)

Alcohol-attributable healthcare attendances up to 10 years prior to diagnosis of alcoholic cirrhosis: a population based case-control study (2015)
Journal Article
Otete, H. E., Orton, E., Fleming, K. M., & West, J. (2016). Alcohol-attributable healthcare attendances up to 10 years prior to diagnosis of alcoholic cirrhosis: a population based case-control study. Liver International, 36(4), 538-546. https://doi.org/10.1111/liv.13002

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Cirrhosis because of alcohol could be avoided if drinking behaviour could be altered earlier in the disease course. Our aim was to quantify the burden of morbidities in patients prior to alcoholic cirrhosis diagnosis, as this may... Read More about Alcohol-attributable healthcare attendances up to 10 years prior to diagnosis of alcoholic cirrhosis: a population based case-control study.

Glutamine supplementation in cystic fibrosis: A randomized placebo-controlled trial: Oral Glutamine Supplementation in Cystic Fibrosis (2015)
Journal Article
Forrester, D. L., Knox, A. J., Smyth, A. R., Barr, H. L., Simms, R., Pacey, S. J., …Fogarty, A. W. (2016). Glutamine supplementation in cystic fibrosis: A randomized placebo-controlled trial: Oral Glutamine Supplementation in Cystic Fibrosis. Pediatric Pulmonology, 51(3), 253-257. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.23370

Rationale: Pulmonary infection and malnutrition in cystic fibrosis are associated with decreased survival. Glutamine has a possible anti-microbial effect, with a specific impact against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We aimed to test the hypothesis that ora... Read More about Glutamine supplementation in cystic fibrosis: A randomized placebo-controlled trial: Oral Glutamine Supplementation in Cystic Fibrosis.

Pharmacological interventions for promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy (2015)
Journal Article
Coleman, T., Chamberlain, C., Davey, M., Cooper, S., & Leonardi-Bee, J. (2015). Pharmacological interventions for promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010078.pub2

Background Smoking in pregnancy is a public health problem. When used by non-pregnant smokers, pharmacotherapies (nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion and varenicline) are effective for smoking cessation, however, their efficacy and safet... Read More about Pharmacological interventions for promoting smoking cessation during pregnancy.

Impact of gout on the risk of atrial fibrillation (2015)
Journal Article
Kuo, C., Grainge, M. J., Mallen, C., Zhang, W., & Doherty, M. (2016). Impact of gout on the risk of atrial fibrillation. Rheumatology, 55(4), 721-728. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kev418

OBJECTIVES: To examine the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) at the time of first diagnosis of gout compared with matched controls and to follow incident gout patients and their matched controls after diagnosis to compare their subsequent risk of AF.... Read More about Impact of gout on the risk of atrial fibrillation.

Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a population-based study (2015)
Journal Article
Dallywater, W., Powell, H. A., Hubbard, R. B., & Navaratnam, V. (in press). Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a population-based study. Chest, 147(1), https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.14-0041

OBJECTIVE: People with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have been shown to be at an increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) disease, but reasons for this are unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of common CV risk factors in... Read More about Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a population-based study.

Challenges to the surveillance of non-communicable diseases – a review of selected approaches (2015)
Journal Article
Kroll, M., Phalkey, R. K., & Kraas, F. (2015). Challenges to the surveillance of non-communicable diseases – a review of selected approaches. BMC Public Health, 15, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2570-z

Background: The rising global burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) necessitates the institutionalization of surveillance systems to track trends and evaluate interventions. However, NCD surveillance capacities vary across high- and low- and mid... Read More about Challenges to the surveillance of non-communicable diseases – a review of selected approaches.

Comorbidities in patients with gout prior to and following diagnosis: case-control study (2015)
Journal Article
Kuo, C., Grainge, M. J., Mallen, C., Zhang, W., & Doherty, M. (2016). Comorbidities in patients with gout prior to and following diagnosis: case-control study. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 75(1), https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-206410

OBJECTIVES: To determine the burden of comorbidities in patients with gout at diagnosis and the risk of developing new comorbidities post diagnosis. METHODS: There were 39 111 patients with incident gout and 39 111 matched controls identified fro... Read More about Comorbidities in patients with gout prior to and following diagnosis: case-control study.

Small area synthetic estimates of smoking prevalence during pregnancy in England (2015)
Journal Article
Szatkowski, L., Fahy, S., Coleman, T., Taylor, J., Twigg, L., Moon, G., & Leonardi-Bee, J. (2015). Small area synthetic estimates of smoking prevalence during pregnancy in England. Population Health Metrics, 13(34), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12963-015-0067-8

Background: Complete and accurate data on maternal smoking prevalence during pregnancy are not available at a local geographical scale in England. We employ a synthetic estimation approach to predict the expected prevalence of smoking during pregnanc... Read More about Small area synthetic estimates of smoking prevalence during pregnancy in England.

In-hospital mortality following surgical lung biopsy for interstitial lung disease in the USA: 2000-2011 (2015)
Journal Article
Hutchinson, J. P., Fogarty, A. W., McKeever, T. M., & Hubbard, R. B. (2016). In-hospital mortality following surgical lung biopsy for interstitial lung disease in the USA: 2000-2011. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 193(10), 1161-1167. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201508-1632OC

Rationale: Surgical lung biopsy can help to determine a specific diagnosis in interstitial lung disease, but has associated risks. Most currently available mortality data are derived from case series and may not be generalizable to broader population... Read More about In-hospital mortality following surgical lung biopsy for interstitial lung disease in the USA: 2000-2011.

The environmental deposition of influenza virus from patients infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09: Implications for infection prevention and control (2015)
Journal Article
Killingley, B., Killingley, B., Greatorex, J., Digard, P., Wise, H., Garcia, F., …Nguyen-Van-Tam, J. S. (2016). The environmental deposition of influenza virus from patients infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09: Implications for infection prevention and control. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 9(3), 278-288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2015.10.009

In a multi-center, prospective, observational study over two influenza seasons, we sought to quantify and correlate the amount of virus recovered from the nares of infected subjects with that recovered from their immediate environment in community an... Read More about The environmental deposition of influenza virus from patients infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09: Implications for infection prevention and control.

What is the quality of smoking cessation advice in guidelines of tobacco-related diseases? (2015)
Journal Article
Bogdanovica, I., Agrawal, S., Gregory, B., Britton, J., & Leonardi-Bee, J. (2015). What is the quality of smoking cessation advice in guidelines of tobacco-related diseases?. Clinical Medicine, 15(6), https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.15-6-546

Smoking is a major risk factor for a range of diseases, and quitting smoking provides considerable benefits to health. It therefore follows that clinical guidelines on disease management, particularly for diseases caused by smoking, should include sm... Read More about What is the quality of smoking cessation advice in guidelines of tobacco-related diseases?.

Using venous blood gas analysis in the assessment of COPD exacerbations: a prospective cohort study (2015)
Journal Article
McKeever, T. M., Hearson, G., Housley, G., Reynolds, C., Kinnear, W., Harrison, T. W., …Shaw, D. E. (2016). Using venous blood gas analysis in the assessment of COPD exacerbations: a prospective cohort study. Thorax, 71(3), 210-215. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207573

Introduction: Identifying acute hypercapnic respiratory failure is crucial in the initial management of acute exacerbations of COPD. Guidelines recommend obtaining arterial blood samples but these are more difficult to obtain than venous. We assessed... Read More about Using venous blood gas analysis in the assessment of COPD exacerbations: a prospective cohort study.

Critical care admission trends and outcomes in individuals with bronchiectasis in the UK (2015)
Journal Article
Navaratnam, V., Muirhead, C. R., Hubbard, R. B., & De Soyza, A. (2015). Critical care admission trends and outcomes in individuals with bronchiectasis in the UK. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine, 109(8), https://doi.org/10.1093/qjmed/hcv206

Background: There are limited data on admission trends and outcomes of individuals with bronchiectasis admitted to intensive care (ICU). Using national critical care data, we analysed admissions to ICU and estimated outcomes in terms of mortality in... Read More about Critical care admission trends and outcomes in individuals with bronchiectasis in the UK.

When are breast cancer patients at highest risk of venous thromboembolism? A cohort study using English healthcare data (2015)
Journal Article
Walker, A. J., West, J., Card, T. R., Crooks, C. J., Kirwan, C. C., & Grainge, M. J. (2015). When are breast cancer patients at highest risk of venous thromboembolism? A cohort study using English healthcare data. Blood, 127(7), 849-857. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2015-01-625582

Breast cancer patients are at increased risk of VTE, particularly in the peri-diagnosis period. However, no previous epidemiological studies have investigated the relative impact of breast cancer treatments in a time-dependent manner. We aimed to det... Read More about When are breast cancer patients at highest risk of venous thromboembolism? A cohort study using English healthcare data.

Systematic critical review of previous economic evaluations of smoking cessation during pregnancy (2015)
Journal Article
Jones, M., Lewis, S., Parrott, S., & Coleman, T. (2015). Systematic critical review of previous economic evaluations of smoking cessation during pregnancy. BMJ Open, 5(11), Article e008998. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008998

Objective: To identify and critically assess previous economic evaluations of smoking cessation interventions delivered during pregnancy. Design: Qualitative review of studies with primary data collection or hypothetical modelling. Quality assesse... Read More about Systematic critical review of previous economic evaluations of smoking cessation during pregnancy.

Identification and treatment of tobacco dependence among young people in residential homes during the statutory annual health assessment: a retrospective case-note review (2015)
Conference Proceeding
Huddlestone, L., Pritchard, C., & Ratschen, E. (2015). Identification and treatment of tobacco dependence among young people in residential homes during the statutory annual health assessment: a retrospective case-note review.

Background Rates of tobacco smoking are substantially higher among young people accommodated in residential homes than in the general youth population. Public health guidance from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recomm... Read More about Identification and treatment of tobacco dependence among young people in residential homes during the statutory annual health assessment: a retrospective case-note review.

Defining venous thromboembolism and measuring its incidence using Swedish health registries: a nationwide pregnancy cohort study (2015)
Journal Article
Abdul Sultan, A., West, J., Stephansson, O., Grainge, M. J., Tata, L. J., Fleming, K. M., …Ludvigsson, J. F. (2015). Defining venous thromboembolism and measuring its incidence using Swedish health registries: a nationwide pregnancy cohort study. BMJ Open, 5(11), Article e008864. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008864

Objective: To accurately define venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the routinely collected Swedish health registers and quantify its incidence in and around pregnancy. Study design: Cohort study using data from the Swedish Medical Birth Registry (MBR)... Read More about Defining venous thromboembolism and measuring its incidence using Swedish health registries: a nationwide pregnancy cohort study.

Calculating total health service utilisation and costs from routinely collected electronic health records using the example of patients with irritable bowel syndrome before and after their first gastroenterology appointment (2015)
Journal Article
Canavan, C., West, J., & Card, T. R. (in press). Calculating total health service utilisation and costs from routinely collected electronic health records using the example of patients with irritable bowel syndrome before and after their first gastroenterology appointment. PharmacoEconomics, 34(2), https://doi.org/10.1007/s40273-015-0339-y

INTRODUCTION: Health economic models are increasingly important in funding decisions but most are based on data, which may therefore not represent the general population. We sought to establish the potential of real-world data available within the Cl... Read More about Calculating total health service utilisation and costs from routinely collected electronic health records using the example of patients with irritable bowel syndrome before and after their first gastroenterology appointment.

The London Exercise And Pregnant smokers (LEAP) trial: a randomised controlled trial of physical activity for smoking cessation in pregnancy with an economic evaluation (2015)
Journal Article
Ussher, M., Lewis, S., Aveyard, P., Manyonda, I., West, R., Lewis, B., …Coleman, T. (in press). The London Exercise And Pregnant smokers (LEAP) trial: a randomised controlled trial of physical activity for smoking cessation in pregnancy with an economic evaluation. Health Technology Assessment, 19(84), https://doi.org/10.3310/hta19840

BACKGROUND: Smoking during pregnancy is the main preventable cause of poor birth outcomes. Improved methods are needed to help women to stop smoking during pregnancy. Pregnancy provides a compelling rationale for physical activity (PA) interventions... Read More about The London Exercise And Pregnant smokers (LEAP) trial: a randomised controlled trial of physical activity for smoking cessation in pregnancy with an economic evaluation.

Smoke-free legislation and the incidence of paediatric respiratory infections and wheezing/asthma: interrupted time series analyses in the four UK nations (2015)
Journal Article
Been, J. V., Szatkowski, L., Staa, T. V., Leufkens, H. G., Schayck, O. C. V., Sheikh, A., …Souverein, P. (2015). Smoke-free legislation and the incidence of paediatric respiratory infections and wheezing/asthma: interrupted time series analyses in the four UK nations. Scientific Reports, 5, Article 15246. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep15246

We investigated the association between introduction of smoke-free legislation in the UK (March 2006 for Scotland, April 2007 for Wales and Northern Ireland, and July 2007 for England) and the incidence of respiratory diseases among children. We extr... Read More about Smoke-free legislation and the incidence of paediatric respiratory infections and wheezing/asthma: interrupted time series analyses in the four UK nations.