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Amniotic fluid INSL3 measured during the critical time window in human pregnancy relates to cryptorchidism, hypospadias and phthalate load: a large case-control study (2018)
Journal Article
Anand-Ivell, R., Cohen, A., Norgaard-Pedersen, B., Joenssen, B., Bonde, J., Hougaard, D. M., …Ivell, R. (2018). Amniotic fluid INSL3 measured during the critical time window in human pregnancy relates to cryptorchidism, hypospadias and phthalate load: a large case-control study. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, Article 408. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00406

The period of the first to second trimester transition in human pregnancy represents a sensitive window for fetal organogenesis, particularly in regard to the development of the male reproductive system. This is a time of relative analytical inaccess... Read More about Amniotic fluid INSL3 measured during the critical time window in human pregnancy relates to cryptorchidism, hypospadias and phthalate load: a large case-control study.

Theca cell INSL3 and steroids together orchestrate the growing bovine antral follicle (2017)
Journal Article
Dai, Y., Ivell, R., & Anand-Ivell, R. (2017). Theca cell INSL3 and steroids together orchestrate the growing bovine antral follicle. Frontiers in Physiology, 8, https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2017.01033

Insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) and its specific receptor RXFP2 are both expressed by theca interna cells of the growing antral follicle where they form an essential regulatory element in the production of the steroid precursor androstenedione. Using... Read More about Theca cell INSL3 and steroids together orchestrate the growing bovine antral follicle.