All Outputs (181)

Neuroimaging evidence for right orbitofrontal cortex differences in adolescents with emotional and behavioral dysregulation (2019)
Journal Article
Spechler, P. A., Chaarani, B., Orr, C., Mackey, S., Higgins, S. T., Banaschewski, T., …IMAGEN Consortium. (2019). Neuroimaging evidence for right orbitofrontal cortex differences in adolescents with emotional and behavioral dysregulation. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 58(11), 1092-1103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2019.01.021

Objective: To characterize the structural and functional neurobiology of a large group of adolescents exhibiting a behaviorally and emotionally dysregulated phenotype. Methods: Age 14 adolescents from the IMAGEN study were investigated. Latent class... Read More about Neuroimaging evidence for right orbitofrontal cortex differences in adolescents with emotional and behavioral dysregulation.

Low smoking-exposure, the adolescent brain, and the modulating role of CHRNA5 polymorphisms (2019)
Journal Article
Chaarani, B., Kan, K., Mackey, S., Spechler, P. A., Potter, A., Orr, C., …Garavan, H. (2019). Low smoking-exposure, the adolescent brain, and the modulating role of CHRNA5 polymorphisms. Biological Psychiatry, 4(7), 672-679. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.02.006

© 2019 Background: Studying the neural consequences of tobacco smoking during adolescence, including those associated with early light use, may help expose the mechanisms that underlie the transition from initial use to nicotine dependence in adultho... Read More about Low smoking-exposure, the adolescent brain, and the modulating role of CHRNA5 polymorphisms.

The cortical neuroimmune regulator TANK affects emotional processing and enhances alcohol drinking: a translational study (2019)
Journal Article
Müller, C. P., Chu, C., Qin, L., Liu, C., Xu, B., Gao, H., …Schumann, G. (2019). The cortical neuroimmune regulator TANK affects emotional processing and enhances alcohol drinking: a translational study. Cerebral Cortex, 29(4), 1736–1751. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhy341

Alcohol abuse is a major public health problem worldwide. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that control regular drinking may help to reduce hazards of alcohol consumption. While immunological mechanisms have been related to alcohol drinking, mo... Read More about The cortical neuroimmune regulator TANK affects emotional processing and enhances alcohol drinking: a translational study.

Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers (2019)
Journal Article
Wilkinson-Smith, V., Dellschaft, N., Ansell, J., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Gowland, P., & Spiller, R. (2019). Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 49(6), 759-768. https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15127

Background: Chronic constipation affects approximately 17% of the population worldwide and remains an important unmet need since patients are often dissatisfied with treatment. Kiwifruit may offer an alternative to traditional laxatives and have been... Read More about Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers.

Coupling between cerebral blood flow and cerebral blood volume: contributions of different vascular compartments (2019)
Journal Article
Wesolowski, R., Blockley, N., Driver, I., Francis, S., & Gowland, P. (2019). Coupling between cerebral blood flow and cerebral blood volume: contributions of different vascular compartments. NMR in Biomedicine, 32(3), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/nbm.4061

A better understanding of the coupling between changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) is vital for furthering our understanding of the BOLD response. The aim of this study was to measure CBF-CBV coupling in different vas... Read More about Coupling between cerebral blood flow and cerebral blood volume: contributions of different vascular compartments.

Peer victimization and its impact on adolescent brain development and psychopathology (2018)
Journal Article
Quinlan, E. B., Barker, E. D., Luo, Q., Banaschewski, T., Bokde, A. L. W., Bromberg, U., …IMAGEN Consortium. (2018). Peer victimization and its impact on adolescent brain development and psychopathology. Molecular Psychiatry, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-018-0297-9

Chronic peer victimization has long-term impacts on mental health; however, the biological mediators of this adverse relationship are unknown. We sought to determine whether adolescent brain development is involved in mediating the effect of peer vic... Read More about Peer victimization and its impact on adolescent brain development and psychopathology.

Is human auditory cortex organization compatible with the monkey model? Contrary evidence from ultra-high-field functional and structural MRI (2018)
Journal Article
Besle, J., Mougin, O., Sánchez-Panchuelo, R., Lanting, C., Gowland, P., Bowtell, R., …Krumbholz, K. (2018). Is human auditory cortex organization compatible with the monkey model? Contrary evidence from ultra-high-field functional and structural MRI. Cerebral Cortex, 29(1), 410-428. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhy267

It is commonly assumed that the human auditory cortex is organized similarly to that of macaque monkeys, where the primary region, or “core,” is elongated parallel to the tonotopic axis (main direction of tonotopic gradients), and subdivided across t... Read More about Is human auditory cortex organization compatible with the monkey model? Contrary evidence from ultra-high-field functional and structural MRI.

Ultra-high-field arterial spin labelling MRI for non-contrast assessment of cortical lesion perfusion in multiple sclerosis (2018)
Journal Article
Dury, R. J., Falah, Y., Gowland, P. A., Evangelou, N., Bright, M. G., & Francis, S. T. (2019). Ultra-high-field arterial spin labelling MRI for non-contrast assessment of cortical lesion perfusion in multiple sclerosis. European Radiology, 29(4), 2027-2033. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-018-5707-5

© 2018, The Author(s). Objectives: To assess the feasibility of using an optimised ultra-high-field high-spatial-resolution low-distortion arterial spin labelling (ASL) MRI acquisition to measure focal haemodynamic pathology in cortical lesions (CLs)... Read More about Ultra-high-field arterial spin labelling MRI for non-contrast assessment of cortical lesion perfusion in multiple sclerosis.

Ultra-high-field arterial spin labeling MRI for non-contrast assessment of cortical lesion perfusion in multiple sclerosis (2018)
Journal Article
Drury, R. J., Falah, Y., Gowland, P. A., Evangelou, N., Bright, M. G., & Francis, S. T. (2019). Ultra-high-field arterial spin labeling MRI for non-contrast assessment of cortical lesion perfusion in multiple sclerosis. European Radiology, 29(4), 2027–2033. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-018-5707-5

Objectives Assess the feasibility of using an optimised ultra-high-field high-spatial-resolution low-distortion ASL MRI acquisition to measure focal haemodynamic pathology in cortical lesions (CLs) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Methods Twelve... Read More about Ultra-high-field arterial spin labeling MRI for non-contrast assessment of cortical lesion perfusion in multiple sclerosis.

Cine MRI assessment of motility in the unprepared small bowel in the fasting and fed state: beyond the breath-hold (2018)
Journal Article
Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Spiller, R., Gowland, P., & Moran, G. (2019). Cine MRI assessment of motility in the unprepared small bowel in the fasting and fed state: beyond the breath-hold. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 31(1), e13466. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13466

Background The symptoms of functional bowel disorders are common in postprandial but investigations are generally undertaken in the fasted state using invasive procedures. MRI provides a noninvasive tool to study the gastrointestinal tract in an u... Read More about Cine MRI assessment of motility in the unprepared small bowel in the fasting and fed state: beyond the breath-hold.

Gastric motor and sensory function in health assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: Establishment of reference intervals for the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects (2018)
Journal Article
Parker, H., Hoad, C. L., Tucker, E., Costigan, C., Marciani, L., Gowland, P., & Fox, M. (2018). Gastric motor and sensory function in health assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: Establishment of reference intervals for the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 30(12), Article e13463. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13463

Background: Current investigations of gastric emptying rarely identify the cause of symptoms or provide a definitive diagnosis in patients with dyspepsia. This study assessed gastric function by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the modular "Not... Read More about Gastric motor and sensory function in health assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: Establishment of reference intervals for the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects.

Early variations in white matter microstructure and depression outcome in adolescents with subthreshold-depression (2018)
Journal Article
Vulser, H., Martinot, M. P., Artiges, E., Miranda, R., Pentilla, J., Grimmer, Y., …Lemaitre, H. (2018). Early variations in white matter microstructure and depression outcome in adolescents with subthreshold-depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 175(12), 1255-1264. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17070825

Objective: White matter microstructure alterations have recently been associated with adolescence depressive episodes, but it is unknown whether they predate depression. We investigated whether subthreshold-depression in adolescence is associated wit... Read More about Early variations in white matter microstructure and depression outcome in adolescents with subthreshold-depression.

Demonstration of differences in colonic volumes, transit, chyme consistency and response to psyllium between healthy and constipated subjects using magnetic resonance imaging (2018)
Journal Article
Major, G., Murray, K., Singh, G., Nowak, A., Hoad, C. L., Marciani, L., …Spiller, R. C. (2018). Demonstration of differences in colonic volumes, transit, chyme consistency and response to psyllium between healthy and constipated subjects using magnetic resonance imaging. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 30(9), Article e13400. https://doi.org/10.1111/nmo.13400

Background: In functional gastrointestinal disorders a lack of objective biomarkers limits evaluation of underlying mechanisms. We aimed to demonstrate the utility of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for this task using psyllium, an effective constip... Read More about Demonstration of differences in colonic volumes, transit, chyme consistency and response to psyllium between healthy and constipated subjects using magnetic resonance imaging.

A low FODMAP diet is associated with changes in the microbiota and reduction in breath hydrogen but not colonic volume in healthy subjects (2018)
Journal Article
Sloan, T. J., Jalanka, J., Major, G. A. D., Krishnasamy, S., Pritchard, S., Abdelrazig, S., …Spiller, R. C. (2018). A low FODMAP diet is associated with changes in the microbiota and reduction in breath hydrogen but not colonic volume in healthy subjects. PLoS ONE, 13(7), Article e0201410. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201410

Background & aims Ingestion of poorly digested, fermentable carbohydrates (fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols; FODMAPs) have been implicated in exacerbating intestinal symptoms and the reduction of intake with symptom alleviatio... Read More about A low FODMAP diet is associated with changes in the microbiota and reduction in breath hydrogen but not colonic volume in healthy subjects.

Modulation of orbitofrontal-striatal reward activity by dopaminergic functional polymorphisms contributes to a predisposition to alcohol misuse in early adolescence (2018)
Journal Article
Baker, T. E., Castellanos-Ryan, N., Schumann, G., Cattrell, A., Flor, H., Nees, F., …Conrod, P. J. (in press). Modulation of orbitofrontal-striatal reward activity by dopaminergic functional polymorphisms contributes to a predisposition to alcohol misuse in early adolescence. Psychological Medicine, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291718001459

Background: Abnormalities in reward circuit function are considered a core feature of addiction. Yet, it is still largely unknown whether these abnormalities stem from chronic drug use, a genetic predisposition, or both. Methods: In the present s... Read More about Modulation of orbitofrontal-striatal reward activity by dopaminergic functional polymorphisms contributes to a predisposition to alcohol misuse in early adolescence.

Risk profiles for heavy drinking in adolescence: differential effects of gender (2018)
Journal Article
Seo, S., Beck, A., Matthis, C., Genauck, A., Banaschewski, T., Bokde, A. L., …Obermayer, K. (in press). Risk profiles for heavy drinking in adolescence: differential effects of gender. Addiction Biology, https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.12636

Abnormalities across different domains of neuropsychological functioning may constitute a risk factor for heavy drinking during adolescence and for developing alcohol use disorders later in life. However, the exact nature of such multi‐domain risk pr... Read More about Risk profiles for heavy drinking in adolescence: differential effects of gender.

Parkinson's disease related signal change in the nigrosomes 1–5 and the substantia nigra using T2* weighted 7T MRI (2018)
Journal Article
Schwarz, S. T., Mougin, O., Xing, Y., Blazejewska, A., Bajaj, N., Auer, D. P., & Gowland, P. (in press). Parkinson's disease related signal change in the nigrosomes 1–5 and the substantia nigra using T2* weighted 7T MRI. NeuroImage: Clinical, 19, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2018.05.027

Improved markers for the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) are required. Previous work has proven that iron dependent MRI scans can detect the largest Nigrosome (N1) within the substantia nigra (SN) pars compacta and changes in PD. Histopatholo... Read More about Parkinson's disease related signal change in the nigrosomes 1–5 and the substantia nigra using T2* weighted 7T MRI.

Structural covariance and cortical reorganization in schizophrenia: a MRI-based morphometric study (2018)
Journal Article
Palaniyappan, L., Hodgson, O., Balain, V., Iwabuchi, S., Gowland, P., & Liddle, P. (2019). Structural covariance and cortical reorganization in schizophrenia: a MRI-based morphometric study. Psychological Medicine, 49(3), 412-420. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291718001010

Background: In patients with schizophrenia, distributed abnormalities are observed in grey matter volume. A recent hypothesis posits that these distributed changes are indicative of a plastic reorganization process occurring in response to a function... Read More about Structural covariance and cortical reorganization in schizophrenia: a MRI-based morphometric study.

Ventromedial Prefrontal Volume in Adolescence Predicts Hyperactive/Inattentive Symptoms in Adulthood (2018)
Journal Article
Albaugh, M., Ivanova, M., Chaarani, B., Orr, C., Allgaier, N., Althoff, R., …Gowland, P. (2019). Ventromedial Prefrontal Volume in Adolescence Predicts Hyperactive/Inattentive Symptoms in Adulthood. Cerebral Cortex, 29(5), 1866-1874. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhy066

Youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptomatology often exhibit residual inattention and/or hyperactivity in adulthood; however, this is not true for all individuals. We recently reported that dimensional, multi-informant ratings of... Read More about Ventromedial Prefrontal Volume in Adolescence Predicts Hyperactive/Inattentive Symptoms in Adulthood.

Insights into the different effects of food on intestinal secretion using magnetic resonance imaging (2018)
Journal Article
Wilkinson-Smith, V. C., Major, G., Ashleigh, L., Murray, K., Hoad, C. L., Marciani, L., …Spiller, R. C. (2018). Insights into the different effects of food on intestinal secretion using magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 42(8), 1342-1348. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.1157

Background: Plant foods may stimulate intestinal secretion through chemicals designed to deter herbivores, including lactucins in lettuce and rhein in rhubarb. This may increase ileostomy output and induce diarrhoea in people with intact bowels. Obj... Read More about Insights into the different effects of food on intestinal secretion using magnetic resonance imaging.