The cortical neuroimmune regulator TANK affects emotional processing and enhances alcohol drinking: a translational study (2019)
Journal Article
Müller, C. P., Chu, C., Qin, L., Liu, C., Xu, B., Gao, H., …Schumann, G. (2019). The cortical neuroimmune regulator TANK affects emotional processing and enhances alcohol drinking: a translational study. Cerebral Cortex, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhy341

Alcohol abuse is a major public health problem worldwide. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that control regular drinking may help to reduce hazards of alcohol consumption. While immunological mechanisms have been related to alcohol drinking, mo... Read More

Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers (2019)
Journal Article
Wilkinson-Smith, V., Dellschaft, N., Ansell, J., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Gowland, P., & Spiller, R. (2019). Mechanisms underlying effects of kiwifruit on intestinal function shown by MRI in healthy volunteers. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, doi:10.1111/apt.15127

Background: Chronic constipation affects approximately 17% of the population worldwide and remains an important unmet need since patients are often dissatisfied with treatment. Kiwifruit may offer an alternative to traditional laxatives and have been... Read More

Neuroimaging evidence for right orbitofrontal cortex differences in adolescents with emotional and behavioral dysregulation (2019)
Journal Article
Spechler, P. A., Chaarani, B., Orr, C., Mackey, S., Higgins, S. T., Banaschewski, T., …IMAGEN Consortium, . (in press). Neuroimaging evidence for right orbitofrontal cortex differences in adolescents with emotional and behavioral dysregulation. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,

Objective: To characterize the structural and functional neurobiology of a large group of adolescents exhibiting a behaviorally and emotionally dysregulated phenotype. Methods: Age 14 adolescents from the IMAGEN study were investigated. Latent class... Read More

Peer victimization and its impact on adolescent brain development and psychopathology (2018)
Journal Article
Quinlan, E. B., Barker, E. D., Luo, Q., Banaschewski, T., Bokde, A. L. W., Bromberg, U., …IMAGEN Consortium, . (2018). Peer victimization and its impact on adolescent brain development and psychopathology. Molecular Psychiatry, doi:10.1038/s41380-018-0297-9

Chronic peer victimization has long-term impacts on mental health; however, the biological mediators of this adverse relationship are unknown. We sought to determine whether adolescent brain development is involved in mediating the effect of peer vic... Read More

Is human auditory cortex organization compatible with the monkey model? Contrary evidence from ultra-high-field functional and structural MRI (2018)
Journal Article
Besle, J., Mougin, O., Sánchez-Panchuelo, R., Lanting, C., Gowland, P., Bowtell, R., …Krumbholz, K. (2018). Is human auditory cortex organization compatible with the monkey model? Contrary evidence from ultra-high-field functional and structural MRI. Cerebral Cortex, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhy267

It is commonly assumed that the human auditory cortex is organized similarly to that of macaque monkeys, where the primary region, or “core,” is elongated parallel to the tonotopic axis (main direction of tonotopic gradients), and subdivided across t... Read More

Ultra-high-field arterial spin labeling MRI for non-contrast assessment of cortical lesion perfusion in multiple sclerosis (2018)
Journal Article
Drury, R. J., Falah, Y., Gowland, P. A., Evangelou, N., Bright, M. G., & Francis, S. T. (2018). Ultra-high-field arterial spin labeling MRI for non-contrast assessment of cortical lesion perfusion in multiple sclerosis. European Radiology, ISSN 0938-7994

Objectives Assess the feasibility of using an optimised ultra-high-field high-spatial-resolution low-distortion ASL MRI acquisition to measure focal haemodynamic pathology in cortical lesions (CLs) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Methods Twelve... Read More

Cine MRI assessment of motility in the unprepared small bowel in the fasting and fed state: beyond the breath-hold (2018)
Journal Article
Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Spiller, R., Gowland, P., & Moran, G. (2018). Cine MRI assessment of motility in the unprepared small bowel in the fasting and fed state: beyond the breath-hold. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, doi:10.1111/nmo.13466. ISSN 1350-1925

Background The symptoms of functional bowel disorders are common in postprandial but investigations are generally undertaken in the fasted state using invasive procedures. MRI provides a noninvasive tool to study the gastrointestinal tract in an u... Read More

Gastric motor and sensory function in health assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: Establishment of reference intervals for the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects (2018)
Journal Article
Parker, H., Hoad, C. L., Tucker, E., Costigan, C., Marciani, L., Gowland, P., & Fox, M. (2018). Gastric motor and sensory function in health assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: Establishment of reference intervals for the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 30(12), doi:10.1111/nmo.13463

Background: Current investigations of gastric emptying rarely identify the cause of symptoms or provide a definitive diagnosis in patients with dyspepsia. This study assessed gastric function by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the modular "Not... Read More

Early variations in white matter microstructure and depression outcome in adolescents with subthreshold-depression (2018)
Journal Article
Vulser, H., Martinot, M. P., Artiges, E., Miranda, R., Pentilla, J., Grimmer, Y., …Lemaitre, H. (2018). Early variations in white matter microstructure and depression outcome in adolescents with subthreshold-depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.17070825. ISSN 0002-953X

Objective: White matter microstructure alterations have recently been associated with adolescence depressive episodes, but it is unknown whether they predate depression. We investigated whether subthreshold-depression in adolescence is associated wit... Read More

Demonstration of differences in colonic volumes, transit, chyme consistency and response to psyllium between healthy and constipated subjects using magnetic resonance imaging (2018)
Journal Article
Major, G., Murray, K., Singh, G., Nowak, A., Hoad, C. L., Marciani, L., …Spiller, R. C. (2018). Demonstration of differences in colonic volumes, transit, chyme consistency and response to psyllium between healthy and constipated subjects using magnetic resonance imaging. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, doi:10.1111/nmo.13400. ISSN 1350-1925

Background: In functional gastrointestinal disorders a lack of objective biomarkers limits evaluation of underlying mechanisms. We aimed to demonstrate the utility of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for this task using psyllium, an effective constip... Read More

A low FODMAP diet is associated with changes in the microbiota and reduction in breath hydrogen but not colonic volume in healthy subjects (2018)
Journal Article
Sloan, T. J., Jalanka, J., Major, G. A. D., Krishnasamy, S., Pritchard, S., Abdelrazig, S., …Spiller, R. C. (2018). A low FODMAP diet is associated with changes in the microbiota and reduction in breath hydrogen but not colonic volume in healthy subjects. PLoS ONE, 13(7), doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0201410. ISSN 1932-6203

Background & aims Ingestion of poorly digested, fermentable carbohydrates (fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols; FODMAPs) have been implicated in exacerbating intestinal symptoms and the reduction of intake with symptom alleviatio... Read More

Modulation of orbitofrontal-striatal reward activity by dopaminergic functional polymorphisms contributes to a predisposition to alcohol misuse in early adolescence (2018)
Journal Article
Baker, T. E., Castellanos-Ryan, N., Schumann, G., Cattrell, A., Flor, H., Nees, F., …Conrod, P. J. (in press). Modulation of orbitofrontal-striatal reward activity by dopaminergic functional polymorphisms contributes to a predisposition to alcohol misuse in early adolescence. Psychological Medicine, doi:10.1017/S0033291718001459. ISSN 0033-2917

Background: Abnormalities in reward circuit function are considered a core feature of addiction. Yet, it is still largely unknown whether these abnormalities stem from chronic drug use, a genetic predisposition, or both. Methods: In the present s... Read More

Risk profiles for heavy drinking in adolescence: differential effects of gender (2018)
Journal Article
Seo, S., Beck, A., Matthis, C., Genauck, A., Banaschewski, T., Bokde, A. L., …Obermayer, K. (in press). Risk profiles for heavy drinking in adolescence: differential effects of gender. Addiction Biology, doi:10.1111/adb.12636. ISSN 1355-6215

Abnormalities across different domains of neuropsychological functioning may constitute a risk factor for heavy drinking during adolescence and for developing alcohol use disorders later in life. However, the exact nature of such multi‐domain risk pr... Read More

Parkinson's disease related signal change in the nigrosomes 1–5 and the substantia nigra using T2* weighted 7T MRI (2018)
Journal Article
Schwarz, S. T., Mougin, O., Xing, Y., Blazejewska, A., Bajaj, N., Auer, D. P., & Gowland, P. (in press). Parkinson's disease related signal change in the nigrosomes 1–5 and the substantia nigra using T2* weighted 7T MRI. NeuroImage: Clinical, 19, doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2018.05.027

Improved markers for the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) are required. Previous work has proven that iron dependent MRI scans can detect the largest Nigrosome (N1) within the substantia nigra (SN) pars compacta and changes in PD. Histopatholo... Read More

Structural covariance and cortical reorganization in schizophrenia: a MRI-based morphometric study (2018)
Journal Article
Palaniyappan, L., Hodgson, O., Balain, V., Iwabuchi, S., Gowland, P., & Liddle, P. (in press). Structural covariance and cortical reorganization in schizophrenia: a MRI-based morphometric study. Psychological Medicine, doi:10.1017/S0033291718001010. ISSN 0033-2917

Background: In patients with schizophrenia, distributed abnormalities are observed in grey matter volume. A recent hypothesis posits that these distributed changes are indicative of a plastic reorganization process occurring in response to a function... Read More

Ventromedial prefrontal volume in adolescence predicts hyperactive/inattentive symptoms in adulthood (2018)
Journal Article
hyperactive/inattentive symptoms in adulthood. Cerebral Cortex, doi:10.1093/cercor/bhy066. ISSN 1047-3211

Youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptomatology often exhibit residual inattention and/or hyperactivity in adulthood; however, this is not true for all individuals. We recently reported that dimensional, multi-informant ratings of... Read More

Insights into the different effects of food on intestinal secretion using magnetic resonance imaging (2018)
Journal Article
Wilkinson-Smith, V. C., Major, G., Ashleigh, L., Murray, K., Hoad, C. L., Marciani, L., …Spiller, R. C. (2018). Insights into the different effects of food on intestinal secretion using magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 42(8), 1342-1348. doi:10.1002/jpen.1157

Background: Plant foods may stimulate intestinal secretion through chemicals designed to deter herbivores, including lactucins in lettuce and rhein in rhubarb. This may increase ileostomy output and induce diarrhoea in people with intact bowels. Obj... Read More

Effects of sprint interval training on ectopic lipids and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity in men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (2018)
Journal Article
Sargeant, J. A., Bawden, S., Aithal, G. P., Simpson, E. J., Macdonald, I. A., Turner, M. C., …King, J. A. (2018). Effects of sprint interval training on ectopic lipids and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity in men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 118(4), doi:10.1007/s00421-018-3818-y. ISSN 1439-6319

Purpose: This study examined the feasibility of sprint interval exercise training (SIT) for men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its effects on intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG), insulin sensitivity (hepatic and peripheral), visceral... Read More

Cortical differences in diverticular disease and correlation with symptom reports (2018)
Journal Article
Pitiot, A., Smith, J. K., Garratt, J., Francis, S. T., Gowland, P. A., Spiller, R. C., & Marciani, L. (2018). Cortical differences in diverticular disease and correlation with symptom reports. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 30(7), doi:10.1111/nmo.13303. ISSN 1350-1925

Background Recent studies have shown that the brain of patients with gastrointestinal disease differ both structurally and functionally from that of controls. Highly somatizing diverticular disease (HSDD) patients were also shown to differ from... Read More

Neural circuitry underlying sustained attention in healthy adolescents and in ADHD symptomatology (2017)
Journal Article
O'Halloran, L., Cao, Z., Ruddy, K., Jollans, L., Albaugh, M. D., Aleni, A., …Whelan, R. (2018). Neural circuitry underlying sustained attention in healthy adolescents and in ADHD symptomatology. NeuroImage, 169, doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.030. ISSN 1053-8119

Moment-to-moment reaction time variability on tasks of attention, often quantified by intra-individual response variability (IRV), provides a good indication of the degree to which an individual is vulnerable to lapses in sustained attention. Increa... Read More