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Diagnostic concordance of breast pathologists: lessons from the National Health Service Breast Screening Programme Pathology External Quality Assurance Scheme (2016)
Journal Article
Rakha, E. A., Ahmed, M. A., Aleskandarany, M. A., Hodi, Z., Lee, A. H. S., Pinder, S. E., & Ellis, I. O. (2017). Diagnostic concordance of breast pathologists: lessons from the National Health Service Breast Screening Programme Pathology External Quality Assurance Scheme. Histopathology, 70(4), 632-642. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.13117

Prognostic stratification of oestrogen receptor-positive HER2-negative lymph node-negative class of breast cancer (2016)
Journal Article
Rakha, E. A., Agarwal, D., Green, A. R., Ashankyty, I., Ellis, I. O., Ball, G., & Alaskandarany, M. A. (2017). Prognostic stratification of oestrogen receptor-positive HER2-negative lymph node-negative class of breast cancer. Histopathology, 70(4), 622-631. doi:10.1111/his.13108

Aims Multigene assay is recommended currently for prognostic stratification of the clinically indeterminate group of breast cancer (BC) patients defined as lymph node (LN)?negative, oestrogen receptor (ER)?positive, HER2?negative (LN?/ER+/HER2?) t... Read More about Prognostic stratification of oestrogen receptor-positive HER2-negative lymph node-negative class of breast cancer.

Cytoplasmic Cyclin E Predicts Recurrence in Patients with Breast Cancer (2016)
Journal Article
Hunt, K. K., Karakas, C., Ha, M. J., Biernacka, A., Yi, M., Sahin, A., …Keyomarsi, K. (2017). Cytoplasmic Cyclin E Predicts Recurrence in Patients with Breast Cancer. Clinical Cancer Research, 23(12), 2991-3002. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2217

Background: Low-molecular-weight-cyclin E (LMW-E) detected by Western blot, predicts for reduced breast cancer survival, however, it is impractical for clinical use. LMW-E lacks a nuclear localization signal which leads to accumulation in the cytopla... Read More about Cytoplasmic Cyclin E Predicts Recurrence in Patients with Breast Cancer.

Factors influencing local control in patients undergoing breast conservation surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ (2016)
Journal Article
Mathew, J., Karia, R., Morgan, D., Lee, A., Ellis, I., Robertson, J., & Bello, A. (2017). Factors influencing local control in patients undergoing breast conservation surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ. Breast, 31, 181-185. doi:10.1016/j.breast.2016.11.002

Background: The aim of our study was to assess various predictors for local recurrence (LR) in patients undergoing breast conservation surgery (BCS) for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Materials and methods: An audit was performed of 582 consecutiv... Read More about Factors influencing local control in patients undergoing breast conservation surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ.

Clinicopathological and functional significance of RECQL1 helicase in sporadic breast cancers (2016)
Journal Article
Arora, A., Parvathaneni, S., Aleskandarany, M. A., Agarwal, D., Ali, R., Abdel-Fatah, T., …Madhusudan, S. (2017). Clinicopathological and functional significance of RECQL1 helicase in sporadic breast cancers. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, 16(1), https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-16-0290

RECQL1, a key member of the RecQ family of DNA helicases, is required for DNA replication and DNA repair. Two recent studies have shown that germline RECQL1 mutations are associated with increased breast cancer susceptibility. Whether altered RECQL1... Read More about Clinicopathological and functional significance of RECQL1 helicase in sporadic breast cancers.

Breast conservation in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): what defines optimal margins? (2016)
Journal Article
Toss, M. S., Pinder, S. E., Green, A. R., Thomas, J., Morgan, D. A., Robertson, J. F., …Rakha, E. A. (2017). Breast conservation in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): what defines optimal margins?. Histopathology, 70(5), 681-692. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.13116

The introduction of mammographic screening has resulted in a rise in the detection rate of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), currently accounting for one‐fifth of screen‐detected breast cancers. Although 60–70% of DCIS are treated with breast‐conservi... Read More about Breast conservation in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): what defines optimal margins?.

Caspase-3 and caspase-8 expression in breast cancer: caspase-3 is associated with survival (2016)
Journal Article
Xuan, P., Storr, S. J., Zhang, Y., Rakha, E., Green, A. R., Ellis, I. O., & Martin, S. G. (in press). Caspase-3 and caspase-8 expression in breast cancer: caspase-3 is associated with survival. Apoptosis, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10495-016-1323-5

Impaired apoptosis is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Caspase-3 and -8 are key regulators of the apoptotic response and have been shown to interact with the calpain family, a group of cysteine proteases, during tumorigenesis. The current study sought... Read More about Caspase-3 and caspase-8 expression in breast cancer: caspase-3 is associated with survival.

Clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of Ku 70/80 expression in Nigerian breast cancer and its potential therapeutic implications (2016)
Journal Article
Agboola, A. O., Ebili, H. O., Iyawe, V. O., Banjo, A. A., Salami, B. A., Rakha, E. A., …Green, A. R. (2017). Clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of Ku 70/80 expression in Nigerian breast cancer and its potential therapeutic implications. Pathology - Research and Practice, 213(1), 27-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prp.2016.10.005

Ku 70/80 is a regulator of the Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) roles in clinicopathological features, and has prognostic significance in breast cancer (BC) in Caucasian populations. However, its significance in the Nigerian BC population, which is... Read More about Clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of Ku 70/80 expression in Nigerian breast cancer and its potential therapeutic implications.

Clinicopathologic characteristics of solid papillary carcinoma of the breast (2016)
Journal Article
Tan, B. Y., Thike, A. A., Ellis, I. O., & Tan, P. H. (2016). Clinicopathologic characteristics of solid papillary carcinoma of the breast. American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 40(10), 1334-1342. doi:10.1097/pas.0000000000000702

Solid papillary carcinoma (SPC) of the breast is defined as a “distinctive form of papillary carcinoma characterized by closely apposed expansive, cellular nodules.” This uncommon tumor frequently demonstrates neuroendocrine differentiation. SPCs are... Read More about Clinicopathologic characteristics of solid papillary carcinoma of the breast.

Further evidence to support bimodality of oestrogen receptor expression in breast cancer (2016)
Journal Article
Muftah, A. A., Aleskandarany, M., Sonbul, S. N., Nolan, C. C., Diez Rodriguez, M., Caldas, C., …Rakha, E. A. (2017). Further evidence to support bimodality of oestrogen receptor expression in breast cancer. Histopathology, 70(3), 456-465. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.13089

Aims: Although oestrogen receptor (ER)‐negative breast cancers (BCs) do not respond to hormone therapy, the response of ER‐positive BCs is reported to be variable, which may suggest a dose‐dependent effect. The aim of this study was to assess the pat... Read More about Further evidence to support bimodality of oestrogen receptor expression in breast cancer.

Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in breast cancers (2016)
Journal Article
Ahmad, D. A. J., Negm, O. H., Layth Alabdullah, M., Mirza, S., Hamed, M. R., Band, V., …Rakha, E. (2016). Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in breast cancers. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 159(3), 457-467. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-016-3967-9

Background Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are signalling transduction molecules that have different functions and diverse behaviour in cancer. In breast cancer, MAPK is related to oestrogen receptor (ER) and HER2. Methods Protein express... Read More about Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) in breast cancers.

Impact of tissue sampling on accuracy of Ki67 immunohistochemistry evaluation in breast cancer (2016)
Journal Article
Besusparis, J., Plancoulaine, B., Rasmusson, A., Augulis, R., Green, A. R., Ellis, I. O., …Laurinavicius, A. (2016). Impact of tissue sampling on accuracy of Ki67 immunohistochemistry evaluation in breast cancer. Diagnostic Pathology, 11(1), Article 82. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13000-016-0525-z

Background: Gene expression studies have identified molecular subtypes of breast cancer with implications to chemotherapy recommendations. For distinction of these types, a combination of immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers, including proliferative ac... Read More about Impact of tissue sampling on accuracy of Ki67 immunohistochemistry evaluation in breast cancer.

Prognostic significance of androgen receptor expression in invasive breast cancer: transcriptomic and protein expression analysis (2016)
Journal Article
Aleskandarany, M. A., Abduljabbar, R., Ashankyty, I., Elmouna, A., Jerjees, D., Ali, S., …Rakha, E. A. (2016). Prognostic significance of androgen receptor expression in invasive breast cancer: transcriptomic and protein expression analysis. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 159(2), 215-227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-016-3934-5

Differential prognostic roles of Androgen Receptor (AR) have been proposed in breast cancer (BC) depending on tumour oestrogen receptor (ER) status. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic and/or predictive significance of AR expression in invasi... Read More about Prognostic significance of androgen receptor expression in invasive breast cancer: transcriptomic and protein expression analysis.

Genetic events in the progression of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast to high-grade triple-negative breast cancer (2016)
Journal Article
Fusco, N., Geyer, F. C., De Filippo, M. R., Martelotto, L. G., Ng, C. K., Piscuoglio, S., …Weigelt, B. (2016). Genetic events in the progression of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast to high-grade triple-negative breast cancer. Modern Pathology, 29(11), 1292-1305. https://doi.org/10.1038/modpathol.2016.134

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast is a rare histological type of triple-negative breast cancer with an indolent clinical behavior, often driven by the MYB-NFIB fusion gene. Here we sought to define the repertoire of somatic genetic alterations i... Read More about Genetic events in the progression of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast to high-grade triple-negative breast cancer.

Papillary carcinoma of the breast: diagnostic agreement and management implications (2016)
Journal Article
Rakha, E. A., Ahmed, M. A., & Ellis, I. O. (2016). Papillary carcinoma of the breast: diagnostic agreement and management implications. Histopathology, 69(5), 862-870. doi:10.1111/his.13009

Aims Papillary carcinoma (PC), which is a rare type of breast cancer, comprises a heterogeneous group of tumours. The diagnostic categorization of PC as in?situ and invasive disease remains a matter of debate with respect to interpretation of its ov... Read More about Papillary carcinoma of the breast: diagnostic agreement and management implications.

Clinical and biological significance of RAD51 expression in breast cancer: a key DNA damage response protein (2016)
Journal Article
Alshareeda, A., Negm, O. H., Aleskandarany, M. A., Green, A. R., Nolan, C., Tighe, P. J., …Rakha, E. (2016). Clinical and biological significance of RAD51 expression in breast cancer: a key DNA damage response protein. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 159(1), 41-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-016-3915-8

Impaired DNA damage response (DDR) may play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer (BC). RAD51 is a key player in DNA double-strand break repair. In this study, we aimed to assess the biological and clinical significance of RAD51 exp... Read More about Clinical and biological significance of RAD51 expression in breast cancer: a key DNA damage response protein.

Review of the national external quality assessment (EQA) scheme for breast pathology in the UK (2016)
Journal Article
Rakha, E. A., Bennett, R. L., Coleman, D., Pinder, S. E., & Ellis, I. O. (2017). Review of the national external quality assessment (EQA) scheme for breast pathology in the UK. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 70(1), 51-57. doi:10.1136/jclinpath-2016-203800

Background: The National Health Service Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP; pathology) external quality assurance (EQA) scheme aims to provide a mechanism for examination and monitoring of concordance of pathology reporting within the UK. This study... Read More about Review of the national external quality assessment (EQA) scheme for breast pathology in the UK.

SPAG5 as a prognostic biomarker and chemotherapy sensitivity predictor in breast cancer: a retrospective, integrated genomic, transcriptomic, and protein analysis (2016)
Journal Article
Abdel-Fatah, T. M., Agarwal, D., Liu, D., Russell, R., Rueda, O. M., Liu, K., …Chan, S. Y. (2016). SPAG5 as a prognostic biomarker and chemotherapy sensitivity predictor in breast cancer: a retrospective, integrated genomic, transcriptomic, and protein analysis. Lancet Oncology, 17(7), 1004-1018. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045%2816%2900174-1

Background: Proliferation markers and profiles have been recommended for guiding the choice of systemic treatments for breast cancer. However, the best molecular marker or test to use has not yet been identified. We did this study to identify factors... Read More about SPAG5 as a prognostic biomarker and chemotherapy sensitivity predictor in breast cancer: a retrospective, integrated genomic, transcriptomic, and protein analysis.

Expression of CDK7, cyclin H, and MAT1 is elevated in breast cancer and is prognostic in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer (2016)
Journal Article
Patel, H., Abduljabbar, R., Lai, C., Periyasamy, M., Harrod, A., Gemma, C., …Ali, S. (2016). Expression of CDK7, cyclin H, and MAT1 is elevated in breast cancer and is prognostic in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Clinical Cancer Research, 22(23), 5929-5938. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1104

Purpose: CDK-activating kinase (CAK) is required for the regulation of the cell cycle and is a trimeric complex consisting of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), Cyclin H, and the accessory protein, MAT1. CDK7 also plays a critical role in regulating t... Read More about Expression of CDK7, cyclin H, and MAT1 is elevated in breast cancer and is prognostic in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.