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Association between opioid use during mechanical ventilation in preterm infants and evidence of brain injury: a propensity score-matched cohort study (2023)
Journal Article
Szatkowski, L., Sharkey, D., Budge, H., & Ojha, S. (2023). Association between opioid use during mechanical ventilation in preterm infants and evidence of brain injury: a propensity score-matched cohort study. eClinicalMedicine, 65, Article 102296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102296

Background: Preterm infants often require mechanical ventilation (MV), which can be a painful experience. Opioids (such as morphine) are used to provide analgesia, despite conflicting evidence about their impact on the developing brain. We aimed to q... Read More about Association between opioid use during mechanical ventilation in preterm infants and evidence of brain injury: a propensity score-matched cohort study.

Observational cohort study of use of caffeine in preterm infants and association between early caffeine use and neonatal outcomes (2023)
Journal Article
Szatkowski, L., Fateh, S., Abramson, J., Kwok, T. C., Sharkey, D., Budge, H., & Ojha, S. (2023). Observational cohort study of use of caffeine in preterm infants and association between early caffeine use and neonatal outcomes. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition, 108(5), 505-510. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2022-324919

Objective: To quantify trends in caffeine use in infants born at

Anti-reflux medication use in preterm infants (2021)
Journal Article
Binti Abdul Hamid, H., Szatkowski, L., Budge, H., & Ojha, S. (2022). Anti-reflux medication use in preterm infants. Pediatric Research, 92, 520-525. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-021-01821-y

Background: Current recommendations do not support the use of anti-reflux medications to treat gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) among preterm infants. Objective: To describe the prevalence of GORD and the use of anti-reflux medications amongs... Read More about Anti-reflux medication use in preterm infants.

Observational cohort study of changing trends in non-invasive ventilation in very preterm infants and associations with clinical outcomes (2021)
Journal Article
Sand, L., Szatkowski, L., Kwok, T. C., Sharkey, D., Todd, D. A., Budge, H., & Ojha, S. (2022). Observational cohort study of changing trends in non-invasive ventilation in very preterm infants and associations with clinical outcomes. Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition, 107(2), 150-155. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-322390

Objective: To determine the change in non-invasive ventilation (NIV) use over time in infants born at

Exercise Training in Obese Rats Does Not Induce Browning at Thermoneutrality and Induces a Muscle-Like Signature in Brown Adipose Tissue (2020)
Journal Article
Aldiss, P., Lewis, J. E., Lupini, I., Bloor, I., Chavoshinejad, R., Boocock, D. J., …Symonds, M. E. (2020). Exercise Training in Obese Rats Does Not Induce Browning at Thermoneutrality and Induces a Muscle-Like Signature in Brown Adipose Tissue. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 11, Article 97. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.00097

© Copyright © 2020 Aldiss, Lewis, Lupini, Bloor, Chavoshinejad, Boocock, Miles, Ebling, Budge and Symonds. Aim: Exercise training elicits diverse effects on brown (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT) physiology in rodents housed below their thermoneu... Read More about Exercise Training in Obese Rats Does Not Induce Browning at Thermoneutrality and Induces a Muscle-Like Signature in Brown Adipose Tissue.

Caffeine exposure induces browning features in adipose tissue in vitro and in vivo (2019)
Journal Article
Velickovic, K., Wayne, D., Lugo Leija, H. A., Bloor, I., Morris, D. E., Law, J., …Sottile, V. (2019). Caffeine exposure induces browning features in adipose tissue in vitro and in vivo. Scientific Reports, 9(1), Article 9104. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45540-1

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is able to rapidly generate heat and metabolise macronutrients, such as glucose and lipids, through activation of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Diet can modulate UCP1 function but the capacity of individual nut... Read More about Caffeine exposure induces browning features in adipose tissue in vitro and in vivo.

Interscapular and Perivascular Brown Adipose Tissue Respond Differently to a Short-Term High-Fat Diet (2019)
Journal Article
Aldiss, P., Lewis, J., Boocock, D., Miles, A., Bloor, I., Ebling, F., …Symonds, M. (2019). Interscapular and Perivascular Brown Adipose Tissue Respond Differently to a Short-Term High-Fat Diet. Nutrients, 11(5), Article 1065. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11051065

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) function may depend on its anatomical location and developmental origin. Interscapular BAT (iBAT) regulates acute macronutrient metabolism, whilst perivascular BAT (... Read More about Interscapular and Perivascular Brown Adipose Tissue Respond Differently to a Short-Term High-Fat Diet.

Sexual dimorphism of brown adipose tissue function (2019)
Journal Article
Robinson, L. J., Law, J., Astle, V., Gutiérrez García, M., Ohja, S., Symonds, M. E., …Budge, H. (2019). Sexual dimorphism of brown adipose tissue function. Journal of Pediatrics, 210, 166-172.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.03.003

Objective To determine whether brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in school-age children differs between the sexes and to explore the impact of dietary intake, sedentary behavior, and picky/fussy eating. Study design Children aged 8.5-11.8 year... Read More about Sexual dimorphism of brown adipose tissue function.

Housing temperature modulates the impact of diet-induced rise in fat mass on adipose tissue before and during pregnancy in rats (2019)
Journal Article
Albustanji, L., Perez, G. S., Alharethi, E., Aldiss, P., Bloor, I., Barreto-Medeiros, J. M., …Dellschaft, N. (2019). Housing temperature modulates the impact of diet-induced rise in fat mass on adipose tissue before and during pregnancy in rats. Frontiers in Physiology, 10, https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2019.00209

Aim: To investigate whether housing temperature influences rat adiposity, and the extent it is modified by diet and/or pregnancy. Housing temperature impacts on brown adipose tissue, that possess a unique uncoupling protein (UCP) 1, which, when activ... Read More about Housing temperature modulates the impact of diet-induced rise in fat mass on adipose tissue before and during pregnancy in rats.

Brown adipose tissue and glucose homeostasis – the link between climate change and the global rise in obesity and diabetes (2018)
Journal Article
Symonds, M. E., Farhat, G., Aldiss, P., Pope, M., & Budge, H. (2019). Brown adipose tissue and glucose homeostasis – the link between climate change and the global rise in obesity and diabetes. Adipocyte, 8(1), 46-50. https://doi.org/10.1080/21623945.2018.1551689

There is increasing evidence that the global rise in temperature is contributing to the onset of diabetes, which could be mediated by a concomitant reduction in brown fat activity. Brown (and beige) fat are characterised as possessing a unique mitoch... Read More about Brown adipose tissue and glucose homeostasis – the link between climate change and the global rise in obesity and diabetes.

The Impact of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Body Weight and Gestational Diabetes on Markers of Folate Metabolism in the Placenta (2018)
Journal Article
Martino, J., Segura, M., García-Valdés, L., Padilla, M., Rueda, R., McArdle, H., …Campoy, C. (2018). The Impact of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Body Weight and Gestational Diabetes on Markers of Folate Metabolism in the Placenta. Nutrients, 10(11), Article 1750. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111750

Dietary methyl donors, including folate, may modify the placenta and size at birth but the influence of maternal body weight has not been widely investigated. We therefore examined whether maternal or fetal folate status, together with indices of pla... Read More about The Impact of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Body Weight and Gestational Diabetes on Markers of Folate Metabolism in the Placenta.

Cognitive predictors of parent-rated inattention in very preterm children: The role of working memory and processing speed (2018)
Journal Article
Retzler, J., Johnson, S., Groom, M., Hollis, C., Budge, H., & Cragg, L. (2019). Cognitive predictors of parent-rated inattention in very preterm children: The role of working memory and processing speed. Child Neuropsychology, 25(5), 617-635. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2018.1510908

Background: Inattention is one of the most common neurobehavioural problems following very preterm birth. Attention problems can persist into adulthood and are associated with negative socio-emotional and educational outcomes. This study aimed to det... Read More about Cognitive predictors of parent-rated inattention in very preterm children: The role of working memory and processing speed.

Recent advances in our understanding of brown and beige adipose tissue: the good fat that keeps you healthy (2018)
Journal Article
Symonds, M. E., Aldiss, P., Pope, M., & Budge, H. (2018). Recent advances in our understanding of brown and beige adipose tissue: the good fat that keeps you healthy. F1000Research, 7, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14585.1

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) possesses a unique uncoupling protein (UCP1) which, when activated, enables the rapid generation of heat and the oxidation of lipids or glucose or both. It is present in small amounts (~15–350 mL) in adult humans. UCP1 is r... Read More about Recent advances in our understanding of brown and beige adipose tissue: the good fat that keeps you healthy.

Transcriptional analysis of adipose tissue during development reveals depot-specific responsiveness to maternal dietary supplementation (2018)
Journal Article
Fainberg, H. P., Birtwistle, M., Alagal, R., Alhaddad, A., Pope, M., Davies, G., …Symonds, M. E. (2018). Transcriptional analysis of adipose tissue during development reveals depot-specific responsiveness to maternal dietary supplementation. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-27376-3

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) undergoes pronounced changes after birth coincident with the loss of the BAT-specifc uncoupling protein (UCP)1 and rapid fat growth. The extent to which this adaptation may vary between anatomical locations remains unknown,... Read More about Transcriptional analysis of adipose tissue during development reveals depot-specific responsiveness to maternal dietary supplementation.

Exercise-induced ‘browning’ of adipose tissues (2017)
Journal Article
Aldiss, P., Betts, J. A., Sale, C., Pope, M., Budge, H., & Symonds, M. E. (2018). Exercise-induced ‘browning’ of adipose tissues. Metabolism, 81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.11.009

Global rates of obesity continue to rise and are necessarily the consequence of a long-term imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. This is the result of an expansion of adipose tissue due to both the hypertrophy of existing adipocyte... Read More about Exercise-induced ‘browning’ of adipose tissues.

Thermal imaging is a non-invasive alternative to PET-CT for measurement of brown adipose tissue activity in humans (2017)
Journal Article
Law, J., Morris, D. E., Izzi Engbeaya, C., Salem, V., Coello, C., Robinson, L. J., …Symonds, M. E. (2018). Thermal imaging is a non-invasive alternative to PET-CT for measurement of brown adipose tissue activity in humans. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 59(3), https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.117.190546

Background Obesity and its metabolic consequences are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) utilises glucose and free fatty acids to produce heat, thereby increasing energy expenditure. Effective evaluation of human BA... Read More about Thermal imaging is a non-invasive alternative to PET-CT for measurement of brown adipose tissue activity in humans.

Tissue cell stress response to obesity and its interaction with late gestational diet (2017)
Journal Article
Saroha, V., Dellschaft, N. S., Keisler, D. H., Gardner, D. S., Budge, H., Sebert, S. P., & Symonds, M. E. (2018). Tissue cell stress response to obesity and its interaction with late gestational diet. Reproduction, Fertility and Development, 30, https://doi.org/10.1071/RD16494

Intra-uterine growth restriction in late pregnancy can contribute to adverse long term metabolic health in the offspring. We utilised an animal (sheep) model of maternal dietary manipulation in late pregnancy, combined with exposure of the offspring... Read More about Tissue cell stress response to obesity and its interaction with late gestational diet.

Beyond obesity - thermogenic adipocytes and cardiometabolic health (2017)
Journal Article
Aldiss, P., Dellschaft, N. S., Sacks, H., Budge, H., & Symonds, M. E. (in press). Beyond obesity - thermogenic adipocytes and cardiometabolic health. Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation, 31(2), https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2017-0007

The global prevalence of obesity and related cardiometabolic disease continues to increase through the 21st century. Whilst multi-factorial, obesity is ultimately caused by chronic caloric excess. However, despite numerous interventions focussing on... Read More about Beyond obesity - thermogenic adipocytes and cardiometabolic health.

Newborn infants with bilious vomiting: a national audit of neonatal transport services (2017)
Journal Article
Ojha, S., Sand, L., Ratnavel, N., Kempley, S., Sinha, A., Mohinuddin, S., …Leslie, A. (2017). Newborn infants with bilious vomiting: a national audit of neonatal transport services. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 102(6), Article F515-518. https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2016-312208

Objective: The precautionary approach to urgently investigate infants with bilious vomiting has increased the numbers referred to transport teams and tertiary surgical centres. The aim of this national UK audit was to quantify referrals, determine th... Read More about Newborn infants with bilious vomiting: a national audit of neonatal transport services.