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Liver investigation: Testing marker utility in steatohepatitis (LITMUS): Assessment & validation of imaging modality performance across the NAFLD spectrum in a prospectively recruited cohort study (the LITMUS imaging study): Study protocol (2023)
Journal Article
Pavlides, M., Mózes, F. E., Akhtar, S., Wonders, K., Cobbold, J., Tunnicliffe, E. M., …Harrison, S. (2023). Liver investigation: Testing marker utility in steatohepatitis (LITMUS): Assessment & validation of imaging modality performance across the NAFLD spectrum in a prospectively recruited cohort study (the LITMUS imaging study): Study protocol. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 134, Article 107352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2023.107352

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the liver manifestation of the metabolic syndrome with global prevalence reaching epidemic levels. Despite the high disease burden in the population only a small proportion of those with NAFLD will develop... Read More about Liver investigation: Testing marker utility in steatohepatitis (LITMUS): Assessment & validation of imaging modality performance across the NAFLD spectrum in a prospectively recruited cohort study (the LITMUS imaging study): Study protocol.

Performance of non-invasive tests and histology for the prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an individual participant data meta-analysis (2023)
Journal Article
Mózes, F. E., Lee, J. A., Vali, Y., Alzoubi, O., Staufer, K., Trauner, M., …Hytiroglou, P. (2023). Performance of non-invasive tests and histology for the prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an individual participant data meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 8(8), 704-713. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253%2823%2900141-3

Background Histologically assessed liver fibrosis stage has prognostic significance in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and is accepted as a surrogate endpoint in clinical trials for non-cirrhotic NAFLD. Our aim was to compare... Read More about Performance of non-invasive tests and histology for the prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an individual participant data meta-analysis.

A comparative, randomised MRI study of the physiological and appetitive responses to gelling (alginate) and non-gelling nasogastric tube feeds in healthy men (2023)
Journal Article
Aliyu, A. I., Nixon, A., Hoad, C., Marciani, L., Corsetti, M., Aithal, G. P., …Taylor, M. A. (2023). A comparative, randomised MRI study of the physiological and appetitive responses to gelling (alginate) and non-gelling nasogastric tube feeds in healthy men. British Journal of Nutrition, 130(8), 1316-1328. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114523000302

AbstractInclusion in nasogastric tube feeds (NGTF) of acid-sensitive, seaweed-derived alginate, expected to form a reversible gel in the stomach, may create a more normal intragastric state and modified gastrointestinal responses. This may ameliorate... Read More about A comparative, randomised MRI study of the physiological and appetitive responses to gelling (alginate) and non-gelling nasogastric tube feeds in healthy men.

The effect of acute and chronic exercise on hepatic lipid composition (2023)
Journal Article
Willis, S. A., Malaikah, S., Parry, S., Bawden, S., Ennequin, G., Sargeant, J. A., …King, J. A. (2023). The effect of acute and chronic exercise on hepatic lipid composition. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 33(5), 550-568. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14310

Exercise is recommended for those with, or at risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), owing to beneficial effects on hepatic steatosis and cardiometabolic risk. Whilst exercise training reduces total intrahepatic lipid in people with NAFLD,... Read More about The effect of acute and chronic exercise on hepatic lipid composition.

Comparing magnetic resonance liver fat fraction measurements with histology in fibrosis: the difference between proton density fat fraction and tissue mass fat fraction (2022)
Journal Article
Bawden, S. J., Hoad, C., Kaye, P., Stephenson, M., Dolman, G., James, M. W., …Aithal, G. P. (2023). Comparing magnetic resonance liver fat fraction measurements with histology in fibrosis: the difference between proton density fat fraction and tissue mass fat fraction. Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine, 36(4), 553-563. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10334-022-01052-0

Objective: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) provides a powerful method of measuring fat fraction. However, previous studies have shown that MRS results give lower values compared with visual estimates from biopsies in fibrotic livers. This study... Read More about Comparing magnetic resonance liver fat fraction measurements with histology in fibrosis: the difference between proton density fat fraction and tissue mass fat fraction.

Variability of noninvasive MRI and biological markers in compensated cirrhosis: insights for assessing disease progression (2022)
Journal Article
Bradley, C. R., Cox, E. F., Palaniyappan, N., Aithal, G. P., Francis, S. T., & Guha, I. N. (2022). Variability of noninvasive MRI and biological markers in compensated cirrhosis: insights for assessing disease progression. European Radiology Experimental, 6(1), Article 52. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41747-022-00303-y

Abstract: Background: We annually monitored stable compensated cirrhosis (CC) patients to evaluate serial variation in blood serum, liver stiffness, and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) measures to provide reference change values (R... Read More about Variability of noninvasive MRI and biological markers in compensated cirrhosis: insights for assessing disease progression.

Effects of an isoenergetic low Glycaemic Index (GI) diet on liver fat accumulation and gut microbiota composition in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A study protocol of an efficacy mechanism evaluation (2021)
Journal Article
Al-Awadi, A., Grove, J., Taylor, M., Valdes, A., Vijay, A., Bawden, S., …Aithal, G. (2021). Effects of an isoenergetic low Glycaemic Index (GI) diet on liver fat accumulation and gut microbiota composition in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A study protocol of an efficacy mechanism evaluation. BMJ Open, 11(10), Article e045802. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045802

Introduction A Low Glycaemic Index (LGI) diet is a proposed lifestyle intervention in non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) which is designed to reduce circulating blood glucose levels, hepatic glucose influx, insulin resistance and de novo lipo... Read More about Effects of an isoenergetic low Glycaemic Index (GI) diet on liver fat accumulation and gut microbiota composition in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A study protocol of an efficacy mechanism evaluation.

Glycemic, Gastrointestinal, Hormonal and Appetitive Responses to Pearl Millet or Oats Porridge Breakfasts: a Randomized, Crossover Trial in Healthy Humans (2019)
Journal Article
Alyami, J., Whitehouse, E., Yakubov, G. E., Pritchard, S. E., Hoad, C. L., Blackshaw, E., …Marciani, L. (2019). Glycemic, Gastrointestinal, Hormonal and Appetitive Responses to Pearl Millet or Oats Porridge Breakfasts: a Randomized, Crossover Trial in Healthy Humans. British Journal of Nutrition, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114519001880

Whole grain cereal breakfast consumption has been associated with beneficial effects on glucose and insulin metabolism as well as satiety. Pearl millet is a popular ancient grain variety that can be grown in hot, dry regions. However, little is known... Read More about Glycemic, Gastrointestinal, Hormonal and Appetitive Responses to Pearl Millet or Oats Porridge Breakfasts: a Randomized, Crossover Trial in Healthy Humans.

Short-term changes observed in multi-parametric liver MRI following therapy with direct acting antivirals in chronic hepatitis C virus patients (2018)
Journal Article
Bradley, C., Scott, R., Cox, E., Palaniyappan, N., Thompson, B., Ryder, D., …Francis, S. (2019). Short-term changes observed in multi-parametric liver MRI following therapy with direct acting antivirals in chronic hepatitis C virus patients. European Radiology, 29(6), 3100–3107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-018-5788-1

Methods: We applied multiparametric MRI to assess changes in liver composition, perfusion and blood flow in 17 patients before DAA therapy and after treatment completion (within 12 weeks of last DAA tablet swallowed). Results: We observed changes in... Read More about Short-term changes observed in multi-parametric liver MRI following therapy with direct acting antivirals in chronic hepatitis C virus patients.

MRI assessment of altered dynamic changes in liver haemodynamics following a meal challenge in compensated cirrhosis (2018)
Journal Article
Cox, E. F., Palaniyappan, N., Aithal, G. P., Guha, I. N., & Francis, S. T. (2018). MRI assessment of altered dynamic changes in liver haemodynamics following a meal challenge in compensated cirrhosis. European Radiology Experimental, 2, Article 26. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41747-018-0056-3

Background: To use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to dynamically assess postprandial changes in hepatic and collateral blood flow, liver perfusion and oxygenation in healthy participants and patients with liver disease with compensated cirrhosis (C... Read More about MRI assessment of altered dynamic changes in liver haemodynamics following a meal challenge in compensated cirrhosis.

Using MRI to study the alterations in liver blood flow, perfusion and oxygenation in response to physiological stress challenges: meal, hyperoxia and hypercapnia (2018)
Journal Article
Cox, E. F., Palaniyappan, N., Aithal, G. P., Guha, I. N., & Francis, S. T. (in press). Using MRI to study the alterations in liver blood flow, perfusion and oxygenation in response to physiological stress challenges: meal, hyperoxia and hypercapnia. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, ISSN 1053-1807

Background: Non-invasive assessment of dynamic changes in liver blood flow, perfusion and oxygenation using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may allow detection of subtle haemodynamic alterations in cirrhosis. Purpose: To assess the feasibility of... Read More about Using MRI to study the alterations in liver blood flow, perfusion and oxygenation in response to physiological stress challenges: meal, hyperoxia and hypercapnia.

Multi-organ assessment of compensated cirrhosis patients using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (2018)
Journal Article
Bradley, C. R., Cox, E. F., Scott, R. A., James, M. W., Kaye, P., Aithal, G. P., …Guha, I. N. (2018). Multi-organ assessment of compensated cirrhosis patients using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Hepatology, 69(5), 1015-1024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2018.05.037

© 2018 European Association for the Study of the Liver Background & Aims: Advancing liver disease results in deleterious changes in a number of critical organs. The ability to measure structure, blood flow and tissue perfusion within multiple organs... Read More about Multi-organ assessment of compensated cirrhosis patients using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging.

Pretreatment lesions on magnetic resonance imaging in patients with hepatitis C virus infection diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma after initiating direct-acting antiviral therapy (2018)
Journal Article
Scott, R. A., Aithal, G. P., Francis, S. T., & Irving, W. L. (2018). Pretreatment lesions on magnetic resonance imaging in patients with hepatitis C virus infection diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma after initiating direct-acting antiviral therapy. Gastroenterology, 154(6), https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2017.12.047

Effects of sprint interval training on ectopic lipids and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity in men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (2018)
Journal Article
Sargeant, J. A., Bawden, S., Aithal, G. P., Simpson, E. J., Macdonald, I. A., Turner, M. C., …King, J. A. (2018). Effects of sprint interval training on ectopic lipids and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity in men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 118(4), 817-828. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-018-3818-y

Purpose: This study examined the feasibility of sprint interval exercise training (SIT) for men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its effects on intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG), insulin sensitivity (hepatic and peripheral), visceral... Read More about Effects of sprint interval training on ectopic lipids and tissue-specific insulin sensitivity in men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Increased liver fat and glycogen stores after consumption of high versus low glycaemic index food: a randomized crossover study (2016)
Journal Article
Bawden, S., Stephenson, M., Falcone, Y., Lingaya, M., Ciampi, E., Hunter, K., …Aithal, G. P. (2017). Increased liver fat and glycogen stores after consumption of high versus low glycaemic index food: a randomized crossover study. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, 19(1), 70-77. https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.12784

Aim: To investigate the acute and longer-term effects of low (LGI) versus high glycaemic index (HGI) diets on hepatic fat and glycogen accumulation and related blood measures in healthy volunteers. Methods: Eight healthy men (age 20.1 � 0.4 years,... Read More about Increased liver fat and glycogen stores after consumption of high versus low glycaemic index food: a randomized crossover study.

Investigating the effects of an oral fructose challenge on hepatic ATP reserves in healthy volunteers: a 31P MRS study (2015)
Journal Article
Bawden, S., Stephenson, M., Ciampi, E., Hunter, K., Marciani, L., MacDonald, I. A., …Gowland, P. A. (in press). Investigating the effects of an oral fructose challenge on hepatic ATP reserves in healthy volunteers: a 31P MRS study. Clinical Nutrition, 35(3), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2015.04.001

Background: Impaired homeostasis of hepatic ATP has been associated with NAFLD. An intravenous fructose infusion has been shown to be an effective challenge to monitor the depletion and subsequent recovery of hepatic ATP reserves using 31P MRS. Aims... Read More about Investigating the effects of an oral fructose challenge on hepatic ATP reserves in healthy volunteers: a 31P MRS study.