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New models of adipogenic differentiation highlight a cell-autonomous response to temperature (2020)
Journal Article
Velickovic, K., Lugo Leija, H., McGinlay, S., Symonds, M., & Sottile, V. (2020). New models of adipogenic differentiation highlight a cell-autonomous response to temperature. Biocell, 44(4), 501-512. https://doi.org/10.32604/biocell.2020.012942

Temperature is a key regulator of brown adipose tissue (BAT) function, acting through central sensory inputs to influence metabolism and energy storage. Although animal models have produced a wealth of information on the pathways, effectors and respo... Read More about New models of adipogenic differentiation highlight a cell-autonomous response to temperature.

Targeting glutamine synthesis inhibits stem cell adipogenesis in vitro (2020)
Journal Article
Velickovic, K., Lugo Leija, H. A., Surrat, A., Kim, D., Sacks, H., Symonds, M. E., & Sottile, V. (2020). Targeting glutamine synthesis inhibits stem cell adipogenesis in vitro. Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry, 54(5), 917-927. https://doi.org/10.33594/000000278

Background/Aims: Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the body and has a metabolic role as a precursor for protein, amino sugar and nucleotide synthesis. After glucose, glutamine is the main source of energy in cells and has recently been sho... Read More about Targeting glutamine synthesis inhibits stem cell adipogenesis in vitro.

Cold-induced beigeing of stem cell-derived adipocytes is not fully reversible after return to normothermia (2020)
Journal Article
Lugo Leija, H. A., Velickovic, K., Bloor, I., Sacks, H., Symonds, M. E., & Sottile, V. (2020). Cold-induced beigeing of stem cell-derived adipocytes is not fully reversible after return to normothermia. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 24(19), 11434-11444. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.15749

Beige adipocytes possess the morphological and biochemical characteristics of brown adipocytes, including the mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP)1. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are somatic multipotent progenitors which differentiate into lipid-la... Read More about Cold-induced beigeing of stem cell-derived adipocytes is not fully reversible after return to normothermia.

Exercise Training in Obese Rats Does Not Induce Browning at Thermoneutrality and Induces a Muscle-Like Signature in Brown Adipose Tissue (2020)
Journal Article
Aldiss, P., Lewis, J. E., Lupini, I., Bloor, I., Chavoshinejad, R., Boocock, D. J., …Symonds, M. E. (2020). Exercise Training in Obese Rats Does Not Induce Browning at Thermoneutrality and Induces a Muscle-Like Signature in Brown Adipose Tissue. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 11, Article 97. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.00097

© Copyright © 2020 Aldiss, Lewis, Lupini, Bloor, Chavoshinejad, Boocock, Miles, Ebling, Budge and Symonds. Aim: Exercise training elicits diverse effects on brown (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT) physiology in rodents housed below their thermoneu... Read More about Exercise Training in Obese Rats Does Not Induce Browning at Thermoneutrality and Induces a Muscle-Like Signature in Brown Adipose Tissue.

Live Simultaneous Monitoring of Mineral Deposition and Lipid Accumulation in Differentiating Stem Cells (2019)
Journal Article
De Melo, N., McGinlay, S., Markus, R., Macri-Pellizzeri, L., Symonds, M. E., Ahmed, I., & Sottile, V. (2019). Live Simultaneous Monitoring of Mineral Deposition and Lipid Accumulation in Differentiating Stem Cells. Biomimetics, 4(3), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4030048

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are progenitors for bone-forming osteoblasts and lipid-storing adipocytes, two major lineages co-existing in bone marrow. When isolated in vitro, these stem cells recapitulate osteoblast or adipocyte formation if treated... Read More about Live Simultaneous Monitoring of Mineral Deposition and Lipid Accumulation in Differentiating Stem Cells.

Caffeine exposure induces browning features in adipose tissue in vitro and in vivo (2019)
Journal Article
Velickovic, K., Wayne, D., Lugo Leija, H. A., Bloor, I., Morris, D. E., Law, J., …Sottile, V. (2019). Caffeine exposure induces browning features in adipose tissue in vitro and in vivo. Scientific Reports, 9(1), Article 9104. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45540-1

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is able to rapidly generate heat and metabolise macronutrients, such as glucose and lipids, through activation of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Diet can modulate UCP1 function but the capacity of individual nut... Read More about Caffeine exposure induces browning features in adipose tissue in vitro and in vivo.

Interscapular and Perivascular Brown Adipose Tissue Respond Differently to a Short-Term High-Fat Diet (2019)
Journal Article
Aldiss, P., Lewis, J., Boocock, D., Miles, A., Bloor, I., Ebling, F., …Symonds, M. (2019). Interscapular and Perivascular Brown Adipose Tissue Respond Differently to a Short-Term High-Fat Diet. Nutrients, 11(5), Article 1065. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11051065

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) function may depend on its anatomical location and developmental origin. Interscapular BAT (iBAT) regulates acute macronutrient metabolism, whilst perivascular BAT (... Read More about Interscapular and Perivascular Brown Adipose Tissue Respond Differently to a Short-Term High-Fat Diet.

Sexual dimorphism of brown adipose tissue function (2019)
Journal Article
Robinson, L. J., Law, J., Astle, V., Gutiérrez García, M., Ohja, S., Symonds, M. E., …Budge, H. (2019). Sexual dimorphism of brown adipose tissue function. Journal of Pediatrics, 210, 166-172.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.03.003

Objective To determine whether brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in school-age children differs between the sexes and to explore the impact of dietary intake, sedentary behavior, and picky/fussy eating. Study design Children aged 8.5-11.8 year... Read More about Sexual dimorphism of brown adipose tissue function.

Brown adipose tissue and glucose homeostasis – the link between climate change and the global rise in obesity and diabetes (2018)
Journal Article
Symonds, M. E., Farhat, G., Aldiss, P., Pope, M., & Budge, H. (2019). Brown adipose tissue and glucose homeostasis – the link between climate change and the global rise in obesity and diabetes. Adipocyte, 8(1), 46-50. https://doi.org/10.1080/21623945.2018.1551689

There is increasing evidence that the global rise in temperature is contributing to the onset of diabetes, which could be mediated by a concomitant reduction in brown fat activity. Brown (and beige) fat are characterised as possessing a unique mitoch... Read More about Brown adipose tissue and glucose homeostasis – the link between climate change and the global rise in obesity and diabetes.

The Impact of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Body Weight and Gestational Diabetes on Markers of Folate Metabolism in the Placenta (2018)
Journal Article
Martino, J., Segura, M., García-Valdés, L., Padilla, M., Rueda, R., McArdle, H., …Campoy, C. (2018). The Impact of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Body Weight and Gestational Diabetes on Markers of Folate Metabolism in the Placenta. Nutrients, 10(11), Article 1750. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10111750

Dietary methyl donors, including folate, may modify the placenta and size at birth but the influence of maternal body weight has not been widely investigated. We therefore examined whether maternal or fetal folate status, together with indices of pla... Read More about The Impact of Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Body Weight and Gestational Diabetes on Markers of Folate Metabolism in the Placenta.

Recent advances in our understanding of brown and beige adipose tissue: the good fat that keeps you healthy (2018)
Journal Article
Symonds, M. E., Aldiss, P., Pope, M., & Budge, H. (2018). Recent advances in our understanding of brown and beige adipose tissue: the good fat that keeps you healthy. F1000Research, 7, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14585.1

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) possesses a unique uncoupling protein (UCP1) which, when activated, enables the rapid generation of heat and the oxidation of lipids or glucose or both. It is present in small amounts (~15–350 mL) in adult humans. UCP1 is r... Read More about Recent advances in our understanding of brown and beige adipose tissue: the good fat that keeps you healthy.

Transcriptional analysis of adipose tissue during development reveals depot-specific responsiveness to maternal dietary supplementation (2018)
Journal Article
Fainberg, H. P., Birtwistle, M., Alagal, R., Alhaddad, A., Pope, M., Davies, G., …Symonds, M. E. (2018). Transcriptional analysis of adipose tissue during development reveals depot-specific responsiveness to maternal dietary supplementation. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-27376-3

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) undergoes pronounced changes after birth coincident with the loss of the BAT-specifc uncoupling protein (UCP)1 and rapid fat growth. The extent to which this adaptation may vary between anatomical locations remains unknown,... Read More about Transcriptional analysis of adipose tissue during development reveals depot-specific responsiveness to maternal dietary supplementation.

Low temperature exposure induces browning of bone marrow stem cell derived adipocytes in vitro (2018)
Journal Article
Velickovic, K., Lugo-Leija, H. A., Bloor, I., Law, J., Sacks, H., Symonds, M. E., & Sottile, V. (2018). Low temperature exposure induces browning of bone marrow stem cell derived adipocytes in vitro. Scientific Reports, 8, Article 4974. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-23267-9

Brown and beige adipocytes are characterised as expressing the unique mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP)1 for which the primary stimulus in vivo is cold exposure. The extent to which cold-induced UCP1 activation can also be achieved in vitro, and... Read More about Low temperature exposure induces browning of bone marrow stem cell derived adipocytes in vitro.

Exercise-induced ‘browning’ of adipose tissues (2017)
Journal Article
Aldiss, P., Betts, J. A., Sale, C., Pope, M., Budge, H., & Symonds, M. E. (2018). Exercise-induced ‘browning’ of adipose tissues. Metabolism, 81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.11.009

Global rates of obesity continue to rise and are necessarily the consequence of a long-term imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. This is the result of an expansion of adipose tissue due to both the hypertrophy of existing adipocyte... Read More about Exercise-induced ‘browning’ of adipose tissues.

Cell imaging by phonon microscopy: sub-optical wavelength ultrasound for non-invasive imaging (2017)
Journal Article
Perez-Cota, F., Smith, R. J., Moradi, E., Leija, A. L., Velickovic, K., Marques, L., …Clark, M. (2017). Cell imaging by phonon microscopy: sub-optical wavelength ultrasound for non-invasive imaging

The mechanical properties of cells play an important role in cell function and behavior. This paper presents recent developments that have enabled the use of laser-generated phonons (ultrasound) with sub-optical wavelengths to look inside living cell... Read More about Cell imaging by phonon microscopy: sub-optical wavelength ultrasound for non-invasive imaging.

Thermal imaging is a non-invasive alternative to PET-CT for measurement of brown adipose tissue activity in humans (2017)
Journal Article
Law, J., Morris, D. E., Izzi Engbeaya, C., Salem, V., Coello, C., Robinson, L. J., …Symonds, M. E. (2018). Thermal imaging is a non-invasive alternative to PET-CT for measurement of brown adipose tissue activity in humans. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 59(3), https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.117.190546

Background Obesity and its metabolic consequences are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) utilises glucose and free fatty acids to produce heat, thereby increasing energy expenditure. Effective evaluation of human BA... Read More about Thermal imaging is a non-invasive alternative to PET-CT for measurement of brown adipose tissue activity in humans.

Tissue cell stress response to obesity and its interaction with late gestational diet (2017)
Journal Article
Saroha, V., Dellschaft, N. S., Keisler, D. H., Gardner, D. S., Budge, H., Sebert, S. P., & Symonds, M. E. (2018). Tissue cell stress response to obesity and its interaction with late gestational diet. Reproduction, Fertility and Development, 30, https://doi.org/10.1071/RD16494

Intra-uterine growth restriction in late pregnancy can contribute to adverse long term metabolic health in the offspring. We utilised an animal (sheep) model of maternal dietary manipulation in late pregnancy, combined with exposure of the offspring... Read More about Tissue cell stress response to obesity and its interaction with late gestational diet.

Beyond obesity - thermogenic adipocytes and cardiometabolic health (2017)
Journal Article
Aldiss, P., Dellschaft, N. S., Sacks, H., Budge, H., & Symonds, M. E. (in press). Beyond obesity - thermogenic adipocytes and cardiometabolic health. Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation, 31(2), https://doi.org/10.1515/hmbci-2017-0007

The global prevalence of obesity and related cardiometabolic disease continues to increase through the 21st century. Whilst multi-factorial, obesity is ultimately caused by chronic caloric excess. However, despite numerous interventions focussing on... Read More about Beyond obesity - thermogenic adipocytes and cardiometabolic health.

Ontogeny and thermogenic role for sternal fat in female sheep (2017)
Journal Article
Henry, B. A., Pope, M., Birtwistle, M., Loughnan, R., Alagal, R., Fuller-Jackson, J., …Symonds, M. E. (in press). Ontogeny and thermogenic role for sternal fat in female sheep. Endocrinology, 158(7), https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2017-00081

Brown adipose tissue acting through a unique uncoupling protein (UCP1) has a critical role in preventing hypothermia in new-born sheep but is then considered to rapidly disappear during postnatal life. The extent to which the anatomical location of f... Read More about Ontogeny and thermogenic role for sternal fat in female sheep.