IL-15 promotes human myogenesis and mitigates the detrimental effects of TNF? on myotube development

Abstract

Studies in murine cell lines and in mouse models suggest that IL-15 promotes myogenesis and may protect against the inflammation-mediated skeletal muscle atrophy which occurs in sarcopenia and cachexia. The effects of IL-15 on human skeletal muscle growth and development remain largely uncharacterised. Myogenic cultures were isolated from the skeletal muscle of young and elderly subjects. Myoblasts were differentiated for 8 d, with or without the addition of recombinant cytokines (rIL-15, rTNF?) and an IL-15 receptor neutralising antibody. Although myotubes were 19% thinner in cultures derived from elderly subjects, rIL-15 increased the thickness of myotubes (MTT) from both age groups to a similar extent. Neutralisation of the high-affinity IL-15 receptor binding subunit, IL-15r? in elderly myotubes confirmed that autocrine concentrations of IL-15 also support myogenesis. Co-incubation of differentiating myoblasts with rIL-15 and rTNF?, limited the reduction in MTT and nuclear fusion index (NFI) associated with rTNF? stimulation alone. IL-15r? neutralisation and rTNF? decreased MTT and NFI further. This, coupled with our observation that myotubes secrete IL-15 in response to TNF? stimulation supports the notion that IL-15 serves to mitigate inflammatory skeletal muscle loss. IL-15 may be an effective therapeutic target for the attenuation of inflammation-mediated skeletal muscle atrophy.

Citation

O’Leary, M. F., Wallace, G. R., Bennett, A. J., Tsintzas, K., & Jones, S. W. (in press). IL-15 promotes human myogenesis and mitigates the detrimental effects of TNFα on myotube development. Scientific Reports, 7(1), Article 12997. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13479-w

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Sep 26, 2017
• Online Publication Date: Oct 11, 2017
• Deposit Date: Apr 5, 2018
• Publicly Available Date: Apr 5, 2018
• Journal: Scientific Reports
• Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 7
• Issue: 1
• Article Number: 12997
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13479-w
• Keywords: Ageing; Muscle stem cells
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/887224
• Publisher URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-13479-w