Charting galactic accelerations - II: How to ‘learn’ accelerations in the solar neighbourhood

Naik, A. P.; An, J.; Burrage, C.; Evans, N. W.

Abstract

Gravitational acceleration fields can be deduced from the collisionless Boltzmann equation, once the distribution function is known. This can be constructed via the method of normalizing flows from data sets of the positions and velocities of stars. Here, we consider application of this technique to the solar neighbourhood. We construct mock data from a linear superposition of multiple ‘quasi-isothermal’ distribution functions, representing stellar populations in the equilibrium Milky Way disc. We show that given a mock data set comprising a million stars within 1 kpc of the Sun, the underlying acceleration field can be measured with excellent, sub-per cent level accuracy, even in the face of realistic errors and missing line-of-sight velocities. The effects of disequilibrium can lead to bias in the inferred acceleration field. This can be diagnosed by the presence of a phase space spiral, which can be extracted simply and cleanly from the learned distribution function. We carry out a comparison with two other popular methods of finding the local acceleration field (Jeans analysis and 1D distribution function fitting). We show our method most accurately measures accelerations from a given mock data set, particularly in the presence of disequilibria.

Citation

Naik, A. P., An, J., Burrage, C., & Evans, N. W. (2022). Charting galactic accelerations - II: How to ‘learn’ accelerations in the solar neighbourhood. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 511(2), 1609-1621. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac153

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Dec 14, 2021
• Online Publication Date: Jan 28, 2022
• Publication Date: 2022-04
• Deposit Date: Feb 1, 2022
• Publicly Available Date: Feb 9, 2022
• Journal: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• Print ISSN: 0035-8711
• Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
• Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 511
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 1609-1621
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac153
• Keywords: Space and Planetary Science; Astronomy and Astrophysics
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/7371597
• Publisher URL: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/511/2/1609/6516968
• Additional Information: This article has been accepted for publication inMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society ©: 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.