Guidelines for Perioperative Care for Emergency Laparotomy Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society Recommendations: Part 1—Preoperative: Diagnosis, Rapid Assessment and Optimization

Peden, Carol J.; Aggarwal, Geeta; Aitken, Robert J.; Anderson, Iain D.; Bang Foss, Nicolai; Cooper, Zara; Dhesi, Jugdeep K.; French, W. Brenton; Grant, Michael C.; Hammarqvist, Folke; Hare, Sarah P.; Havens, Joaquim M.; Holena, Daniel N.; H�bner, Martin; Kim, Jeniffer S.; Lees, Nicholas P.; Ljungqvist, Olle; Lobo, Dileep N.; Mohseni, Shahin; Ordo�ez, Carlos A.; Quiney, Nial; Urman, Richard D.; Wick, Elizabeth; Wu, Christopher L.; Young-Fadok, Tonia; Scott, Michael

Abstract

Background
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols reduce length of stay, complications and costs fora large number of elective surgical procedures. A similar, structured approach appears to improve outcomes, including mortality, for patients undergoing high-risk emergency general surgery, and specifically emergency laparotomy. These are the first consensus guidelines for optimal care of these patients using an ERAS approach.

Methods
Experts in aspects of management of the high-risk and emergency general surgical patient were invited to contribute by the International ERAS Society. Pubmed, Cochrane, Embase, and MEDLINE database searches on English language publications were performed for ERAS elements and relevant specific topics. Studies on each item were selected with particular attention to randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses and large cohort studies, and reviewed and graded using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Recommendations were made on the best level of evidence, or extrapolation from studies on non-emergency patients when appropriate. The Delphi method was used to validate final recommendations. The guideline has been divided into two parts: Part 1—Preoperative Care and Part 2—Intraoperative and Postoperative management. This paper provides guidelines for Part 1.

Results
Twelve components of preoperative care were considered. Consensus was reached after three rounds.

Conclusions
These guidelines are based on the best available evidence for an ERAS approach to patients undergoing emergency laparotomy. Initial management is particularly important for patients with sepsis and physiological derangement. These guidelines should be used to improve outcomes for these high-risk patients.

Citation

Peden, C. J., Aggarwal, G., Aitken, R. J., Anderson, I. D., Bang Foss, N., Cooper, Z., …Scott, M. (2021). Guidelines for Perioperative Care for Emergency Laparotomy Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society Recommendations: Part 1—Preoperative: Diagnosis, Rapid Assessment and Optimization. World Journal of Surgery, 45, 1272–1290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-021-05994-9

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jan 30, 2021
• Online Publication Date: Mar 6, 2021
• Publication Date: 2021-05
• Deposit Date: Mar 8, 2021
• Publicly Available Date: Mar 8, 2021
• Journal: World Journal of Surgery
• Print ISSN: 0364-2313
• Electronic ISSN: 1432-2323
• Publisher: Springer Verlag
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 45
• Pages: 1272–1290
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-021-05994-9
• Keywords: Surgery
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/5380893
• Publisher URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00268-021-05994-9