Skip to main content

Research Repository

Advanced Search

Lopinavir–ritonavir in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial

The Recovery Collaborative Group; Horby, Peter W; Mafham, Marion; Bell, Jennifer L; Linsell, Louise; Staplin, Natalie; Emberson, Jonathan; Palfreeman, Adrian; Raw, Jason; Elmahi, Einas; Prudon, Benjamin; Green, Christopher; Carley, Simon; Chadwick, David; Davies, Matthew; Wise, Matthew P; Baillie, J Kenneth; Chappell, Lucy C; Faust, Saul N; Jaki, Thomas; Jefferey, Katie; Lim, Wei Shen; Montgomery, Alan; Rowan, Kathryn; Juszczak, Edmund; Haynes, Richard; Landray, Martin J

Lopinavir–ritonavir in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial Thumbnail


Authors

The Recovery Collaborative Group

Peter W Horby

Marion Mafham

Jennifer L Bell

Louise Linsell

Natalie Staplin

Jonathan Emberson

Adrian Palfreeman

Jason Raw

Einas Elmahi

Benjamin Prudon

Christopher Green

Simon Carley

David Chadwick

Matthew Davies

Matthew P Wise

J Kenneth Baillie

Lucy C Chappell

Saul N Faust

Thomas Jaki

Katie Jefferey

Wei Shen Lim

ALAN MONTGOMERY ALAN.MONTGOMERY@NOTTINGHAM.AC.UK
Director Nottingham Clinical Trials Unit

Kathryn Rowan

Richard Haynes

Martin J Landray



Contributors

Abstract

Summary
Background Lopinavir–ritonavir has been proposed as a treatment for COVID-19 on the basis of in vitro activity,
preclinical studies, and observational studies. Here, we report the results of a randomised trial to assess whether lopinavir–ritonavir improves outcomes in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.
Methods In this randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial, a range of possible treatments was compared with usual care in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. The trial is underway at 176 hospitals in the UK. Eligible and consenting patients were randomly allocated to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus lopinavir–ritonavir (400 mg and 100 mg, respectively) by mouth for 10 days or until discharge (or one of the other
RECOVERY treatment groups: hydroxychloroquine, dexamethasone, or azithromycin) using web-based simple (unstratified) randomisation with allocation concealment. Randomisation to usual care was twice that of any of the active treatment groups (eg, 2:1 in favour of usual care if the patient was eligible for only one active group, 2:1:1 if the patient was eligible for two active groups). The primary outcome was 28-day all-cause mortality. Analyses were
done on an intention-to-treat basis in all randomly assigned participants. The trial is registered with ISRCTN,
50189673, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04381936.
Findings Between March 19, 2020, and June 29, 2020, 1616 patients were randomly allocated to receive lopinavir–ritonavir and 3424 patients to receive usual care. Overall, 374 (23%) patients allocated to lopinavir–ritonavir and 767 (22%) patients allocated to usual care died within 28 days (rate ratio 1·03, 95% CI 0·91–1·17; p=0·60). Results
were consistent across all prespecified subgroups of patients. We observed no significant difference in time until discharge alive from hospital (median 11 days [IQR 5 to >28] in both groups) or the proportion of patients discharged from hospital alive within 28 days (rate ratio 0·98, 95% CI 0·91–1·05; p=0·53). Among patients not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline, there was no significant difference in the proportion who met the composite endpoint of invasive mechanical ventilation or death (risk ratio 1·09, 95% CI 0·99–1·20; p=0·092).
Interpretation In patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19, lopinavir–ritonavir was not associated with reductions in 28-day mortality, duration of hospital stay, or risk of progressing to invasive mechanical ventilation or death. These findings do not support the use of lopinavir–ritonavir for treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.
Funding Medical Research Council and National Institute for Health Research.

Citation

The Recovery Collaborative Group, Horby, P. W., Mafham, M., Bell, J. L., Linsell, L., Staplin, N., …Landray, M. J. (2020). Lopinavir–ritonavir in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial. Lancet, 396(10259), 1345-1352. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736%2820%2932013-4

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Oct 1, 2020
Online Publication Date Oct 5, 2020
Publication Date Oct 24, 2020
Deposit Date Oct 9, 2020
Publicly Available Date Mar 28, 2024
Journal The Lancet
Print ISSN 0140-6736
Publisher Elsevier
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 396
Issue 10259
Pages 1345-1352
DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736%2820%2932013-4
Keywords General Medicine
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/4948869
Publisher URL https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)32013-4/fulltext

Files




You might also like



Downloadable Citations