Winner–loser effects in contentious constitutional referenda: Perceptions of procedural fairness and the Brexit referendum

van der Eijk, Cees; Rose, Jonathan

Abstract

This paper addresses a critical gap in the literature on winner-loser effects that consists of the lack of attention for highly contentious constitutional referenda. It uses unique multi-wave panel data of over 13,000 people that is unrivalled in size and richness. We estimate causal effects of the referendum on rarely studied but crucial public perceptions of the fairness of the way a referendum is conducted. These perceptions pertain to the highly contentious 2016 EU (Brexit) referendum in the UK, which is an ideal-type example of a wider class of referenda for which similar outcomes can be expected. We use differences-in-differences methods and find winner-loser effects of a magnitude far greater than ever observed for general elections. Moreover, we find that these effects not only persist, but even grow over time. The findings have profound implications for the use of such referenda.

Citation

van der Eijk, C., & Rose, J. (2021). Winner–loser effects in contentious constitutional referenda: Perceptions of procedural fairness and the Brexit referendum. British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 23(1), 104-120. https://doi.org/10.1177/1369148120932852

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: May 6, 2020
• Online Publication Date: Aug 6, 2020
• Publication Date: Feb 1, 2021
• Deposit Date: May 7, 2020
• Publicly Available Date: May 7, 2020
• Journal: The British Journal of Politics and International Relations
• Print ISSN: 1369-1481
• Electronic ISSN: 1467-856X
• Publisher: SAGE Publications
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 23
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 104-120
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1369148120932852
• Keywords: Political Science and International Relations; Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/4387825
• Publisher URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1369148120932852