Paternal diet impairs F1 and F2 offspring vascular function through sperm and seminal plasma specific mechanisms in mice

Morgan, Hannah L.; Paganopoulou, Panaigota; Akhtar, Sofia; Urquhart, Natalie; Philomin, Ranmini; Dickinson, Yasmin; Watkins, Adam J.

Abstract

Although the impact of maternal diet on adult offspring health is well characterized, the role that a father's diet has on his offspring's health remains poorly defined. We establish the significance of a sup-optimal paternal low protein diet for offspring vascular homeostasis and define the sperm and seminal plasma specific programming effects on cardiovascular health. Male C57BL6 mice were fed either a control normal protein diet (NPD; 18% protein) or an isocaloric low protein diet (LPD; 9% protein) for a minimum of 7 weeks. Using artificial insemination, in combination with vasectomized male mating, we generated offspring derived from either NPD or LPD sperm (devoid of seminal plasma) but in the presence of NPD or LPD seminal plasma (devoid of sperm). We observed that either LPD sperm or seminal fluid at conception impaired adult offspring vascular function in response to both vasoconstrictors and dilators. Underlying these changes in vascular function were significant changes in serum, lung and kidney angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, established in F1 offspring from 3 weeks of age, maintained into adulthood and present also within juvenile F2 offspring. Furthermore, we observed differential expression of multiple central renin-angiotensin system regulators in adult offspring kidneys. Finally, paternal diet modified the expression profiles of central epigenetic regulators of DNA methylation, histone modifications and RNA methylation in adult F1 male testes. These novel data reveal the impact of sub-optimal paternal nutrition on offspring cardiovascular well-being, programming offspring cardiovascular function through both sperm and seminal plasma specific mechanisms over successive generations.

Citation

Morgan, H. L., Paganopoulou, P., Akhtar, S., Urquhart, N., Philomin, R., Dickinson, Y., & Watkins, A. J. (2020). Paternal diet impairs F1 and F2 offspring vascular function through sperm and seminal plasma specific mechanisms in mice. Journal of Physiology, 598(4), 699-715. https://doi.org/10.1113/jp278270

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Sep 26, 2019
• Online Publication Date: Oct 15, 2019
• Publication Date: Feb 15, 2020
• Deposit Date: Oct 17, 2019
• Publicly Available Date: Oct 16, 2020
• Journal: The Journal of Physiology
• Print ISSN: 0022-3751
• Electronic ISSN: 1469-7793
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 598
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 699-715
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1113/jp278270
• Keywords: Physiology
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/2852419
• Publisher URL: https://physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1113/JP278270
• Additional Information: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Morgan, H. L., Paganopoulou, P. , Akhtar, S. , Urquhart, N. , Philomin, R. , Dickinson, Y. and Watkins, A. J. (2019), Paternal diet impairs F1 and F2 offspring vascular function through sperm and seminal plasma specific mechanisms in mice. J Physiol. , which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1113/JP278270. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.